Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mammals, diversity and behaviour > Lecture 10- Habitat loss and fragmentation > Flashcards

Lecture 10- Habitat loss and fragmentation Flashcards

1
Q

What rank is agriculture and aquaculture?

A

Rank 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many mammal species in total does agriculture and aquaculture affect?

A

1628

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the four different types of agriculture and aquaculture and how many mammal species does each one affect?

A

a) ANNUAL/PERNNIAL NON-TIMBER CROPS - 1413
b) WOOD & PULP PLANTATIONS - 200
c) LIVESTOCK FARMING AND RANCHING - 594
d) MARINE AND FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE - 16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What rank is residential and commercial development?

A

Rank 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many mammal species does residential and commercial development affect in total?

A

736

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three types of residential and commercial development and how many mammal species does each one affect?

A

a) HOUSING AND URBAN AREAS - 672
b) COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS - 84
C) TOURISM AND RECREATION AREAS - 109

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the key components of modern intensive agriculture?

A

1) Land requirements
2) Yield per unit area - chemical fertilisers, selective breeding
3) Reducing losses - biological or chemical control, predator control
4) Market size - market is now international
5) Patterns of consumption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Land % of global land area of arable land?

A

10.8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Land % of global land area of pasture land?

A

26.6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Land % of global land area of forest land?

A

30.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a global hectare?

A

Measure of productive land available to be exploited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many calories on average are people in the developed world consuming per day?

A

3300

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many calories on average are people in the developing world consuming per day?

A

2600

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

7 conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization?

A

1) Habitat loss
2) Habitat fragmentation
3) Predator control
4) Global warming
5) Chemical pollution
6) Any infectious or non-infectious agent that impacts or involves wildlife
7) Erosion and degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Habitat Loss

A

Lose structurally diverse habitats and replace with pasture or cereal monocultures
Loss of spatial heterogeneity

Mitigation- Create more nature reserves/protected areas

  • Habitat restoration
  • Small packets of non-agricultural land in landscape
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Habitat Fragmentation

A 
Features which act as barriers (e.g. roads, rail lines, utility networks and matrix habitats)
Effects include:
Mortality
Isolation of habitat fragments
Restricted gene flow
Reduced genetic diversity
Localised extinctions
Formation of metapopulations

Mitigation - Bridges, overpasses, underpasses, tunnels, wildlife corridors

17
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Predator Control

A

Carnivores killed mainly because they kill livestock but also because they can kill humans

Mitigation - Mainly through predator control
Guard animals
Compensation schemes
Translocation of problem animals

18
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Global Warming

A

Major greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide and methane:

a) habitat shifting and alteration
b) extreme weather events
c) temporal mismatches
d) change in nutritional quality
e) hibernators
f) decline in ice coverage
g) increase in ice coverage
h) trophic cascades

19
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Chemical Pollution

A

Mitigation - Changes in permissible compounds

  • Prevent getting into environment
  • Reduction of non-target effects
20
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Any infectious or non-infectious agent that impacts or involves wildlife

A

Fields of interest are:

a) zoonotic infections
b) emerging infectious disease
c) diseases of livestock
d) mammal conservation
e) biological control
i) European rabbit: myxomatosis
ii) Domestic cat: feline panleukopenia virus

Management:

1) isolate infected animals
2) cull infected animals
3) vaccinate
4) select disease resistant animals

Disease management restricts opportunity for co-evolution of host and disease

21
Q

Conversation impacts of agriculture and urbanization: Erosion and degradation

A

70% of land

Mammals, diversity and behaviour (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions