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PPO2 > Lecture 10 accommodation > Flashcards

Lecture 10 accommodation Flashcards

1
Q

Should you use WNL when recording accommodation?

A

NO we never looked!

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2
Q

is the process whereby the dioptric power of the crystalline lens changes so that an in-focus retinal image can be maintained on the fovea
–describes (normal/abnormal) accommodation?

A

normal

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3
Q

Accommodation is (non/consensual) and usually (unequal/equal)

A

consensual, equal

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4
Q

What is part of the near triad in accommodation?

A

convergence, miosis, accommodation

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5
Q

-Tension on ciliary muscle released
-Capsule flattened
-Decrease in dioptric power
describes (negative/positive) accommodation

A

negative

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6
Q 
PSNS stimulated
A. Ciliary contraction
B. Ciliary body moved forward
C. Ligament tension released
D. Lens becomes more convex
Increase in dioptric power
describes (negative/positive) accommodation
A

positive

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7
Q

invertebrates have (no/positive/negative) accommodation

A

no

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8
Q

amphibians have (no/positive/negative) accommodation

A

positive

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9
Q

fish (no/positive/negative) accommodation

A

negative

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10
Q

humans have (no/positive/negative) accommodation

A

both positive and negative

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11
Q

T/F birds have much better accommodation than humans

A

T

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12
Q

-Depends on the tone of the ciliary body
Strongly controlled by convergence and fusion
-Darkness removes the appreciation of blur
-Somewhat controlled by the shift of spectral sensitivity and chromatic aberration
-“Standby” position of the lens in the dark
-Night myopia or empty field myopia

is which kind of accomodation:
A)Reflex accommodation
B)Tonic Accommodation
C)Convergence-Accommodation
D)Psychic or Near Accommodation
A

tonic accommodation

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13
Q
  • Stimulated by the quality of retinal images
  • Blur signals or defocus signals
  • PSNS pathway: CN 3 to short posterior ciliary nerves to the ciliary body, increases power of lens

is which kind of accomodation:

A)Reflex accommodation
B)Tonic Accommodation
C)Convergence-Accommodation
D)Psychic or Near Accommodation

A

reflex accommodation

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14
Q
  • Also known as relative accommodation
  • As the convergence angle is changed, the accommodation must increase to see a target nearer and nearer
  • Ratio of Convergence Accommodative to -convergence: CA/C
  • Low illumination and low CA/C ratio are strong drivers for near work induced myopia*

is which kind of accomodation:

A)Reflex accommodation
B)Tonic Accommodation
C)Convergence-Accommodation
D)Psychic or Near Accommodation

A

convergence accommodation

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15
Q

-Accommodation induced by the awareness of -nearness of target
-Microscopes
-Auto-refractor
-Eyestrain
-Charts less than 20ft
is which kind of accomodation:

A)Reflex accommodation
B)Tonic Accommodation
C)Convergence-Accommodation
D)Psychic or Near Accommodation

A

psychic accommodation

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16
Q

T/F when accommodation is changed , convergence is also changed

A

T

17
Q

When measuring accommodation you use (minus/plus) lenses to induce accommodation

A

minus

18
Q

When measuring accommodation you use (plus/minus) lenses to relax accommodation

A

plus

19
Q

(lead/lag) is slighly more than is needed when measuring accuracy of accommodation

A

lead

20
Q

(lag/lead) is slighly less than is needed when measuring accuracy of accommodation

A

lag

21
Q

Most normal people show a (lead/lag) of about +0.50D

A

lag

22
Q

T/F in normal accommodation sustained reading of about 40 cm should be at least 2 hours

A

T

23
Q

T/F In normal accommodation it is expected for there to be a intermittent accommodation at 5-8’’ for short periods of time

A

T

24
Q

T/F in donders table there is a increase in amplitude of accommodation with increase in age

A

F There is a decrease in amplitude of accommodation with increase in age

25
Q 
At age 40 their is an expected amount of amplitude of accommodation of \_\_
A)15
B)6.5
c)4.5
d) 7.5
A

4.5

26
Q

Hofstetter’s formuli

is the _(average/maximum/minimum)__ expected accommodative amplitude:18.5-(0.30)(age)

A

Average

27
Q
  • average expected accommodative amplitude
  • Maximum expected accommodative Amplitude
  • Minimum expected accommodative amplitude

a.18.5-(0.30)(age)
b.15-(0.25)(age)
c.25-(0.40)(age)
match them to correct formula

A

Maximum expected accommodative Amplitude= 25-(0.40)(age)
Minimum expected accommodative amplitude= 15-(0.25)(age)
Average expected accommodative amplitude= 18.5-(0.30)(age)

28
Q

Hofstetter’s formuli

is the _(average/maximum/minimum)__ expected accommodative amplitude:25-(0.40)(age)

A

maximum

29
Q

Hofstetter’s formuli

is the _(average/maximum/minimum)__ expected accommodative amplitude: 15-(0.25)(age)

A

minimum

30
Q

when using +/- 2.00 flipper you want to note how many ____ per minute the pt can see (with/wihtout) blur

A

cycles, without

31
Q

If less than 8cpm with flipper of +/-2.00 that the pt can see without blur you want to repeat test(binocularly/monocularly)

A

monocularly

32
Q

__ flips equals 1 cycle

A

2

33
Q

Inability to relax from the accommodative lead, some of which is experienced by the patient as an interference with distance vision
–describes what accommodative (excess/spasm/insufficiency)

A

spasm

34
Q 
Children 8-12 years old will have a 
\_\_ cpm binocularly/ \_\_cpm monocularly
A)5 -7
B)6-8
c)4-5
d) 7-8
A

5-7

35
Q 
Adults 13-30 y: 
	\_\_ cpm binocularly/\_\_ cpm monocularly
A)10-11
B)11-13
c)4-5
d) 7-8
A

10-11

36
Q 
Monocular findings should be within \_\_cpm for each eye.
A)5
B)6
c)4
d) 7
A

4

37
Q

-The lag is abnormally high
- e.g. 5D accommodation is required, yet 4D is the accommodative response (less)
(1/5=.20 1/4= .25)

-The response is reduced for the patient’s age

  • Clearing additional minus power at near is difficult for this patient
  • -describes what accommodative (excess/spasm/insufficiency)
A

Accommodative Insufficiency

38
Q

Abnormally high lead, e.g. 5D accommodation required, yet the accommodative response is (more) 5.75D.
Usually seen in younger patients.
Clearing additional plus lens power is difficult for this patient.

A

Accommodative Excess

PPO2 (15 decks)

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