Lecture 1: Overview of Immune Responses Flashcards
Cellular innate components
Phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils), dendritic cells, natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells
Steps in functional response of phagocytes
Recruitment of cells to site of infection
Recognition and activation by microbes
Ingestion of microbes by phagocytosis
Destruction of ingested microbes
Function of cytokines
Regulate growth and differentiation of all immune cells
Activate the effector functions of lymphocytes/phagocytes
Reactivity to self for innate and/or adaptive immunity?
None
Humoral innate components
Complements, APPs, cytokines, chemokines
T or F: Innate immune system exists before infection
True
Cells communicate through
Direct cell-cell contact and through interactions involving cytokines and chemokines
Macrophage maturation stages
Monocytes enter the blood circulation and migrate into tissues, where they further mature into macrophages, especially during inflammation
Each cytokine acts via
Specific signaling receptor expressed on target cell
Phagocytes include
Neutrophils and macrophages
Macrophages produced where and stimulated by
Produced in bone marrow, stimulated by M-CSF
Adaptive immunity
Longer to develop
Highly specific
Shows memory
How does innate immune system respond after repeated exposures to Ag
Same way every time
Phagocytes
Ability to ingest and digest microbes (innate)
Dendritic cell function
Potent stimulators of T cells to induce adaptive immunity
Can divide to myeloid DCs and plasmacytoid DCs
Also include langerhans cells
Mast cell location/function
Common at sites in the body exposed to external environment (skin)
Close proximity to blood vessels
Can release mediators to modulate behavior of nearby cells
Neutrophils are produced where and production is stimulated by what
In the bone marrow, stimulated by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)