lecture 1 - metabolism overview Flashcards
What are the preferred fuels of the brain?
Glucose, ketone bodies (during fasting)
What are the preferred fuels of skeletal muscle at rest?
Fatty acids
What are the preferred fuels of skeletal muscle during exercise?
Glucose, fatty acids, amino acids
What are the preferred fuels of heart muscle?
fatty acids
What are the preferred fuels of adipose tissue?
fatty acids
What are the preferred fuels of the liver?
amino acids, glucose, fatty acids
What are the fuels exported by skeletal muscle during exercise?
Lactate, alanine
What are the fuels exported by adipose tissue?
Fatty acids, glycerol
What are the fuels exported by the liver?
TAGs, glucose, ketone bodies, VLDL
What are the metabolic processes that occur during the fed state?
Glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, fatty acid storage as TAGs
What are the metabolic processes that occur during the fasted state?
glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis, lipolysis
What is glycogenolysis?
The breakdown of stored glycogen in the liver and muscles to release glucose for energy during a fasting state
What is gluconeogenesis?
A metabolic process that converts non-carbohydrate substrates into glucose for energy. The process uses glycerol from adipose tissues and lactate and alanine from muscle and erythrocytes.
What is ketogenesis?
The process of producing ketone bodies from fatty acids, which can be used to provide the brain with fuel.
