lecture 1-27-16

Question 1

genetic disease
caused by a single gene mutation
allele of the CFTR gene
abnormally thick mucus builds up in the lungs

Answer 1

cystic fibrosis CF

Question 2

CFTR gene codes transmembrane regulator protein

Answer 2

moves ions in and out of the cell

Question 3

provides instructions for making proteins

Answer 3

gene

Question 4

how are genes inherited?

Answer 4

physically transmitted from parent to offspring

Question 5

two copies of each chromosome (and each gene) in ______organism

Answer 5

diploid

Question 6

homologous chromosomes

Answer 6

one from each parent passed to offspring

Question 7

two copies of genes found on homologues have same function but DNA sequence may differ

Answer 7

may have two different alleles of same gene

Question 8

is the particular genetic or allele makeup of an individual

Answer 8

genotype

Question 9

is the observable or measurable features of an individual

Answer 9

phenotype

Question 10

combination of maternal and paternal alleles
join during fertilization
determines genotype and contributes to phenotype

Answer 10

sexual reproduction

Question 11

special sex cells

Answer 11

sperm and egg

Question 12

reproductive cells that carry one copy of each chromosome -haploid

Answer 12

gametes

Question 13

special cell division needed to reduce from diploid to haploid

Answer 13

meiosis

Question 14

meiosis generates unique ________

Answer 14

haploid gametes

Question 15

haploid sperm fertilizes _____

Answer 15

haploid egg

Question 16

the result of fertilizing the haploid egg is a ________

Answer 16

diploid zygote

Question 17

zygote divides by mitosis into an

Answer 17

embryo

Question 18

• separates homologous chromosomes
• each daughter cell is haploid
• each chromosome still has two sister chromatids

Answer 18

meiosis 1

Question 19

how many separate division steps does meiosis have?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

• separates sister chromatids
• four haploid daughter cells
• develop into egg or sperm

Answer 20

meiosis 2

Question 21

no two gametes are ______

Answer 21

identical

Question 22

when maternal and paternal chromosomes pair and physically exchange DNA segments

Answer 22

recombination

Question 23

alleles of different gene are distributed independently of one another

Answer 23

independent assortment

Question 24

Cf is caused by a

Answer 24

recessive allele

Question 25

two different alleles (Aa)

• phenotype is normal
• individual is a carrier

Answer 25

heterozygote

Question 26

two identical allele

Answer 26

homozygote

Question 27

homozygote dominant (AA)

Answer 27

phenotype is normal

Question 28

homozygous recessive (aa)

Answer 28

phenotype is CF mutant

Question 29

a diagram to determine the probabilities of offspring having particular genotypes
based on genotype of parents
matches up all possible gametes

Answer 29

punnett square