Lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of life?
1.Growth
2.Reproduction
3.Responsiveness
4.Movement
5.Metabolism
What are the 4 components of metabolism
- Respirtation
2.Digestion
3.Circulation
4.Excretion
What are the 5 factors that maintain life?
1.Water
2.Oxygen and carbon dioxide
3.Food
4.Heat
5.Pressure
What are the 3 components of Homeostatic Mechanisms and what happens in each of them?
1.Receptors(A change occurs in the internal environment)
2.Set point(The change is compared to the set point)
3.Effectors(The change is corrected
What is the difference between positive and negative feedback?
1.Positive feedback moves conditions away from set point
2. Negative feedback moves conditions back to set point
Superior
above another part
anterior
front
Inferior
below another part
posterior
back
medial
closer to midline
lateral
toward the outside, away from midline
Bilateral
paired structures with 1 on each side
Ipsilateral
structures on same side of body
contralateral
structures on opposite sides of the body
proximal
closer(i.e wrist is proximal to my arm) this term is only used for arms and legs
distal
further(i.e wrist is distal to my arm
superficial or peripheral
near surface/outward
deep
more internal
Sagital section
- Divides body in half
- A section lateral to the midline is parasagittal
Transverse section
Divides body into superior+inferior portion
Frontal section
Divides body into anterior+posterior portions
Cross Section
Cut across structure
Oblique section
Diagonal cut (across
Epigustric
Upper Middle
Right+Left hypochondriac
The sides of epigastric
Umbillical
Middle
Right and Left lateral
The sides of umbilical
Pubic
Lower middle
Right and left inguina
The sides of pubic
What is Anatomy?
Study of structure of the body
What is physiology?
Study of the function of body parts
Tissues
Groups of cells working together
Organs
Groups of tissues with specialized functions
The body is divided into two body parts?
1.Axial
2.Appendicular
Integumentary system
Skin, Nails, Hair, sweat and sebaceous glands
Muscular system
Requires movement and heat
Nervous system
cells communicate via neurotransmitters
Endocrine system
Hormones alter metabolism of specific target cells
Urinary system
Removed waste from blood
Organ system
Groups of organs functioning together
Organisms
Organisms working together
Cardiovascular system
Spreads O2, nutrients and hormones while removing waste from cell
Lymphatic system
Drains excess tissue fluid and returns it to blood
Respiratory system
Exchanges O2 and CO2
Skeletal system
Has tissue that produces blood cells
Digestive system
Receives, breaks down and absorbs nutrients
