all lectures combines Flashcards
A cell is the basic unit of an organism and is composed of
3 major parts
Diffusion example
A molecule that crosses the membrane by moving from high to low and does not need cellular energy
If there was 100mEq of Na+ inside the cell and 50mEq of Na+ outside the cell, the concentration is said to be higher inside the cell
True
What substance can’t undergo passive diffusion because of a concentration gradient
Ions
What is the means of transport for large molecules and ions
Facilitated diffusion
What is the name for diffusion of water across a membrane
Osmosis
What is the movement of material out of the cell using energy
Excocytosis
Membranous organelles
1.Nucleus
2.Mitochondria
3.Lysosomes
4.Peroxisomes
5.Endoplasmic reticulum
6.Golgi apparatus
Non membranous organelles
1.Ribosomes
2.Centrosomes
3.Microfilament
4.Centrioles
What is normal saline solution to blood cells
Isotonic
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will?
Expand or burst
What is the function of the active site of an enzyme?
To bind substrate
An enzyme can be used many times to produce a large amount of product
True
What class of organic compound are enzymes
Proteins
Enzyme function representation?
E+S-ES-EP-E+P
During metabolic reactions, as chemical bonds are broken the energy is..
Released
As chemical bonds are formed energy is what within the new bonds?
Captured
Anabolism of ATP
Energy transferred from cellular respiration to reattach phosphate
Nutrients that we consume have what kind of energy stored within their chemical bonds
Chemical
Catabolism of ATP
Energy transferred and utilized by metabolic reactions when phosphate bond is broken
Which product of cellular respiration has the most energy associated with it ?
Released electrons
Glycolisis
1.Glucose as Substrate
2.Releases high energy electrons
3.Produces a net of 2 ATP
Citric acid cycle
1.Requires oxygen
2.Releases high energy electrons
3.Produces a net of 2 ATP
Electron transport train
1.Requires oxygen
2.Receives high energy electrons
3.Produces 28 ATP
Which type of tissue provides support, protection and fills spaces of the body?
Connective tissue
Purple tissue with a purple like blob in the middle and an eye in the middle of the blob
1.Functions to provide fast forms of communication
2.Includes cells with numerous cellular extensions connecting adjacent cells to one another
Skeletal- Bright pink like tissue with white tubes across the tissue and some blue specs on the white tubes
1.Provides movement of the body segments
2.Allows high rates of energy consumption
3.Pumps blood to the body
4.Skeletal muscle
5.Usually attached to the bone
Dense connective tissue-Blue and white like tissue that looks like water with slight waves
1.Most abundant form of tissue
2.Most varied of the tissue types
3.Provides support and mechanical protection
Purple like tissue with darker purple bubble like sacs on it-Epithelial
1.Always avascular
2.Cells receive nutrients from deeper tissue layers
3.Cover surface and lines cavities
Which type of tissue covers the body surface and lines organs and cavities
Epithelial tissue
Smooth-Light pink tissue with darker pink circles in it
1.Smooth muscle
2.Found in the wall of hollow organs
3.Non striated cells
Cardiac-Dark pink tissue with purple like cylinder specs on it
1.Cardiac Muscle
2.Found in the wall of the heart
What organ system help with support and movement?
1.Muscular
2.Skeletal
What organ system helps with integration and coordination
1.Nervous
2.Endocrine
What organ system helps with body covering
1.Integumentary
What organ system helps with absorption and excretion
1.Digestive
2.Respiratory
3.Urinary
What organ system helps with Transport
1.Cardiovascular
2.Lymphatic
What is the definition of homeostasis
The maintenance of a stable internal environment
What body cavity would contain the heart esophagus and trachea
Mediastinum
What is the isotonic for humans?
0.9% sodium chloride
Telometers
at the end of chromosomes and it tells your cell to stop dividing
