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Anatomy Exam 3 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Name this structure

A

Inguinal Ligament

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2
Q

What is 1 and 2?

Also make sure to review all the other landmarks

A

1: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

2: Pubic Tubercle

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3
Q

Name the two parts of the Ilium and the Bottom Structure

A

Ilium: Ala and Body

Acetabulum

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4
Q

What is “A”

A

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

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5
Q

What is B and C

A

Obturator Foramen

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine

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6
Q

What is D and E

A

Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine

Greater Sciatic Notch

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7
Q

What is F and G

A

Ischial Spine

Lesser Sciatic Notch

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8
Q

What is H and I

A

Ischial Tuberosity

Ischial Ramus

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9
Q

A and B?

A

Neck

Lesser Trochanter

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10
Q

C and D?

A

Pectineal Line

Adductor Tubercle

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11
Q

E and F?

A

Greater Trochanter

Intertrochanteric Crest

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12
Q

G?

A

Lateral Lip of Linea aspera

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13
Q

What boney structure is right here, and what attaches to it?

A

Gluteal Tuberosity

Glute Max

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14
Q

Name these 3 structures

A
  1. Greater Sciatic Foramen
  2. Iliolumbar Ligament
  3. Lesser Sciatic Foramen (Under the Sacrotuberous ligament)
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15
Q

Where does the Sacrotuberous ligament connect?

A

From Sciatic Notch of Ilium/Sacrum

To Ischial Tuberosity

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16
Q

Where does the Sacrospinous ligament connect?

A

sacrum to the
ischial spine

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17
Q

What is this ligament, and what ligament is it continious with?

A

Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament

continuous inferiorly
with the sacrotuberous
ligament.

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18
Q

What is the Origin of the Pectineus

A

Superior Ramus of pubis

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19
Q

What is the insertion of the pectineus

A

Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

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20
Q

What is the action of the Pectineus

A

Adducts and slightly flexes hip joint;
assists with lateral rotation

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21
Q

What is the innervation of the pectineus

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3);

may receive a branch from
obturator nerve

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22
Q

What is the origin of the Sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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23
Q

What is the insertion of the Sartorius

A

pes
anserinus

Three muscles insert on the pes anserinus: Sartorius, Gracilis, and Semitendinosus

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24
Q

What is the action of the sartorius

A

At the hip:
- FLEXION
- ABduction
- LATERAL ROTATION

At the knee:
- FLEXION
- MEDIAL ROTATION when flexed

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25
What is the innervation of the Sartorius
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
26
What is the Origin of Gluteus Maximus
Posterior gluteal line of ilium Dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx Sacrotuberous ligament
27
What is the insertion of the Gluteus Maximus
Most fibers: Iliotibial Tract which inserts onto lateral condyle of Tibia Some Fibers: Gluteal Tuberosity
28
What are the actions of the Gluteus Maximus
Extends hip (especially from flexed position) Assists in Lateral Rotation Fixes hip joint, assists with rising from seated position
29
What is the innervation of the Gluteus Maximus
Inferior Gluteal Nerve L5 (S1 S2)
30
What is the Origin of Gluteus Medius
ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
31
What is the Insertion of Gluteus Medius
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
32
What is the innervation of Gluteus Medius
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L5) S1
33
What is the action of the Gluteus Medius and Minimus
Abduct and medially rotate hip joint Keeps pelvis level on contralateral side during swing phase (Prevents Trendelenburg Gait)
34
What is the Origin of Gluteus Minimus
ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
35
What is the Insertion of the Gluteus Minimus
Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
36
What is the innervation of the Gluteus Minimus
Superior Gluteal Nerve L4(L5) S1
37
What is the Origin of the Tensor Fasciae Latae
Anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest
38
What is the insertion of the Tensor Fasciae Latae
Iliotibial tract, which attaches to Gerdy's Tubercle
39
What is the action of the Tensor Fasciae Latae
Medially rotate hip joint; Abduct hip joint; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase. SAME AS GLUTE MIN AND GLUTE MED
40
Whats the innervation of the Tensor Fasciae Latae
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1)
41
What is the origin of the piriformis?
Anterior surface of sacrum Sacrotuberous ligament
42
What is the Insertion of the piriformis?
Greater trochanter of femur
43
What is the muscle action of the piriformis?
Laterally rotate extended hip abduct hip joint when flexed stabilize hip
44
What is the innervation of the piriformis?
Anterior Rami of (S1) and S2
45
What is the muscle action of Obturator Internus?
Laterally rotate extended hip abduct hip joint when flexed stabilize hip joint Note: SAME AS PIRIFORMIS
46
What is the origin of Obturator Internus
Pelvic surface of Obturator membrane and surrounding bones
47
What is the Insertion of Obturator Internus
Greater Trochanter (Trochanteric Fossa) of femur Note: It has the same action, and almost the same insertion as the PIRIFORMIS. PIRIFORMIS: Greater Trochanter
48
What is the innervation of Obturator Internus
Nerve to obturator Internus L5 (S1)
49
What is the action of the Superior and Inferior Gemelli
Laterally rotate extended hip Abduct Hip Joint when flexed Stabilize Hip Joint
50
What is the origin of the superior Gemelli? Inferior Gemelli?
Superior: Ischial Spine Inferior: Ischial Tuberosity
51
What is the insertion of the Superior AND inferior Gemelli?
Greater Trochanter (Trochanteric fossa) of femur
52
What is the innervation of the Superior and Inferior Gemelli
Superior: Obturator Internus Nerve l5 s1 Inferior: Quadratus Femoris Nerve l5 s1
53
What is the action of Quadratus Femoris
Laterally Rotates hip joint Stabilizes Hip Joint
54
What is the origin of Quadratus Femoris?
Ischial Tuberosity
55
What is the insertion of Quadratus Femoris?
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
56
What is the innervation of the Quadratus Femoris?
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris L5 S1
57
What is the action of Rectus Abdominis
Flex Vertebral column Compress Abdominal Viscera Tilt Pelvis Posteriorly (ANTI LORDOSIS)
58
What is the innervation of Rectus Abdominis
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (Anterior rami of t6-t12 spinal nerves)
59
What is the muscle action of the External Oblique?
Unilaterally: Flex Vertebral column same side, Rotate to opposite site Bilaterally: Flex vertebral column, Compress abdominal contents
60
What is the innervation of the External Oblique
Thoraco-abdominal nerves T7 to T11 and Subcostal Nerve Note: internal oblique is t6-t12 and first lumbar nerve)
61
What is the muscle action of the Internal Oblique?
Unilaterally: Flex vertebral column to same side, rotate to same side Bilaterally: Flex vertebral column, compress abdominal contents
62
What is the innervation of the Internal Oblique?
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of t6-t12 spinal nerves) and first lumbar nerve Note: External oblique is T7-T11+ subcostal n
63
What is the action of the transverse abdominis?
Compresses and supports abdominal viscera ANTAGONIST of diaphram with expiration
64
What is the innervation of the Transversus Abdominis
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T6-T12 spinal nerves) and First Lumbar Nerve Note: same as internal oblique
65
What are the 3 things that go through the diaphram and their innervation? Remember the acronym: I ate 10 eggs at 12
Esophagus + Vagus nerve T10 Inferior Vena Cava T8 Descending Aorta and Thoracic Duct T12
66
What is the parent structure of the Left common iliac artery?
Abdominal Aorta
67
What is the parent structure of the Femoral artery?
External Iliac Artery
68
What is the parent structure of the left Internal Iliac Artery?
Left common iliac artery
69
When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?
At the inguinal ligament
70
What is the muscle action of the Adductor Longus AND brevis
Adducts hip joint EASY ENOUGH!
71
What is the Origin of the Adductor Longus?
Body of Pubis
72
What is the insertion of the adductor longus
Linea Aspera of the femur
73
What is the innervation for adductor longus?
Obturator Nerve L2 (L3) and L4 note: Brevis has same nerve
74
What is the innervation of Adductor Brevis?
Obturator Nerve L2 L3 and L4
75
What is the origin of Adductor Brevis?
Body and inferior Ramus of Pubis
76
Whats the insertion of adductor brevis
Pectineal line and linea aspera of femur Note: the Longus just attaches to Linea Aspera, the Magnus also attaches there for one of it's attachments How I will remember this "Adductor Brevis likes doing lines"
77
What's the innervation of Adductor Magnus
TWO NERVES YAY! Obturator Nerve L2, L3, and L4 (Same as longus and brevis) and Hamstring part: Tibial part of sciatic nerve L4
78
What's the Origin of Adductor Magnus?
Adductor: Inferior Ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium Hamstring: ischial tuberosity How I will remember this "Adductor Magnus loves big Ramuses"
79
What's the Insertion of Adductor Magnus?
Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and medial supracondylar line Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur
80
What's the muscle action of adductor magnus?
Adducts hip jont Adductor part: Flexes hip joint Hamstring part: Extends hip joint
81
What's the muscle action of the Gracilis?
Adducts hip joint Flexes knee jiont Medially rotating it when flexed
82
What's the origin of the Gracilis?
Body And Inferior ramus of pubis (Same for adductor Brevis)
83
What's the insertion of the Gracilis?
Pes Anserinus Note:It flexes the knee just like the Sartorius (and medially rotates the hip with a flexed knee), so it also attaches in the same place as the sartorius
84
What's the innervation of the Gracilis?
Obturator Nerve (L2) L3
85
What's the muscle action of the Obturator Externus?
Laterally rotates hip Stabilizes hip joint
86
What's the origin of the Obturator Externus?
Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
87
What's the insertion of the obturator externus?
Trochanteric fossa of femur
88
What's the innervation of the Obturator Externus
Obturator Nerve L3 L4
89
What are the borders of the femoral triangle? What's inside?
Superior: Inguinal ligament medial: Adductor Longus Lateral: Sartorius Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein
90
What is the origin of the Psoas Major?
Sides of T12 - L5 vertebrae and discs between them TP L1 - L5
91
What is the insertion of the psoas major?
Lesser trochanter
92
What is the innervation of the psoas major?
Anterior rami of L1, L2, L3
93
What is the muscle action of the iliacus and the psoas major
With the origin fixed: - Hip FLEXION - Hip LATERAL ROTATION With the insertion fixed: - Trunk FLEXION toward the thigh - Pelvic ANTERIOR TILT Psoas major only: STABILIZES hip joint when standing
94
What is the origin of the Iliacus
Iliac fossa Sacrum Anterior sacroiliac ligaments
95
What is the insertion of the Iliacus
Lesser trochanter Psoas tendon
96
What is the innervation of the Iliacus
Femoral nerve L2, L3 L4 Same as rectus femoris
97
Most common cause of "broken hip" AKA femoral neck fx
Ostoeporosis, common in individuals WOMEN 60+ Usually they're walking and then the osteoporosis breaks their leg THEN they fall. (not from a fall)
98
How is the leg positioned when you have broken your femoral neck
Looks shorter Externally rotated
99
The greater sciatic foramen is for... Whereas the lesser sciatic foramen is for...
Greater: structures entering or leaving pelvis Lesser: Structures entering or leaving the perineum
100
What ligament forms the lesser sciatic foramen
Sacrotuberous ligament
101
What ligament forms the greater sciatic foramen
Sacrotuberous ligament
102
Test Q: What forms the lesser sciatic foramen
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligament
103
What are the contents of the femoral triangle from medial to lateral?
Femoral Vein Femoral Artery Femoral Nerve V->A->N medial to lateral NAV lateral to medial
104
True or false: The femoral profunda nerve rests on the femur
False, unlike in the humerus, the femoral profunda artery does not rest on the bone
105
What action is associated with the obturator nerve
Adduction

Anatomy Exam 3 (8 decks)

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