Lección Dos--VERBS OF OBLIGATION, PERSONAL PRONOUNS, HACER + TIEMPO+ QUE + VERBO Flashcards
Personal Pronouns (Direct Objects)
me, te, lo (can substitute le for lo), la, nos, os, los, las
Personal Pronouns (Indirect Objects)
me, te, le, nos, os, les
To express quantity of time, used with present tense
Translates as “ago”
Example:
I have been on vacation since 4 days ago. Action continues in present.
hace + que + present tense Or hace Estoy de vacaciones hace 4 días. OR Hace 4 días que estoy de vacaciones. Que is always followed by a subject and verb.
To say you have been doing something for a span of
time
Translates as “for the past period of time”
I have been on vacation for four days. Action continues in the present.
desde hace
Estoy de vacaciones desde hace 4 días.
Literally means I am on vacation since it makes 4 days.
To say that something started at a point in time
Translates as “since”
I have been on vacation since Friday (action continues to the present)
desde
Estoy de vacaciones desde el viernes.
to say that it has been so long since something occurred–to use with a conjugated verb (likely preterite)
desde que + subject/preterite
adaptable, easy-going
adaptable
Flexible, nimble
ágil
daring, adventurous
atrevido
analytical
analítico
communicative
comunicador
creative
creativo
cautious
cuidadoso
determined, decisive
decidido
discreet
discreto
emotional, sensitive
emocional
energetic
enérgico
exact
exacto
demanding
exigente
extraverted
extravertido
solid, stable
firme
imaginative, inventive
imaginativo
independent, self-reliant
independiente
logical
lógico
methodical, thorough
metódico
motivating, motivational
motivador
negotiating
negociador
organized, ordered, tidy
ordenado
patient
paciente
persuasive, convincing
persuasivo
practical, realistic
práctico
secure, dependable
seguro
sensible, prudent
sensato
tenacious
tenaz
brave
valiente
Form of “I have been doing” indicating carrying on for a long time
llevar + gerund of verb
to leave off doing something
dejar de + verb
to continue doing something
seguir/ continuar + gerund
What do you do in your job?
¿Qué haces en tu trabajo?
a warehouse
un almacén
a breakdown
una avería
an office
un despacho
a plug
un enchufe
a breakdown/tow truck
una grúa
a brick
un ladrillo
to deliver
repartir
to usually do
soler
a workshop
un taller
the hair coloring
el tinte
the water pipes
la tubería
to supervise
vigilar
looking for work
buscando trabajo
to attach
adjuntar
(electronic) device
aparato (electrónico)
to be in possession of
disponer de
the availability
la disponibilidad
the hardware
la ferretería
a training
una formación
the management
la gestión
essential
imprescindible
to lead
liderar
a position
un puesto
a requirement
un requisito
a challenge
un reto
the remuneration
la retribución
a technician
un técnico
to value
valorar
to be valued
valorarse
personal pronouns
pronombres personales
to be bored
estar aburrido/a
to be on one’s own
estar solo/a
to remember
recordar
How long … ?
¿Cuánto hace que + conjugated verb?
a (sports) race
una carrera
a (sports) match
un partido
the skating
el patinaje
to take place
tener lugar
the interview
la entrevista
from time to time
de vez en cuando
to show
mostrar
to show oneself
mostrarse
a point of view
un punto de vista
to greet
saludar
to use the informal tú form of greeting
tutear
To express quantity of time
Translates as “ago”
Use preterite tense to express period of time at which something occurred (how long has it been?)
“I prepared the suitcase for the trip two weeks ago.”
“Two weeks ago I prepared the suitcase for the trip.”
The action has not continued to the present–over and done–how long ago?
Hace or hace que (que must be followed by a subordinate clause with noun and verb)
Preparé la maleta para el viaje hace 2 semanas.
Hace 2 semanas que preparé la maleta para el viaje.
Concrete moment in time
Translates as “ever since”
Action continues to the present, so use present tense
Que is always followed by a subject/verb clause.
“I sleep a lot more ever since I am on vacation.”
Desde que
Duermo mucho más desde que estoy de vacaciones.
Concrete moment in time
Translates as “ever since”
Action does NOT continue in the present, so use preterite
Que is always followed by a subject/verb clause
“Ever since I got on the airplane, I disconnected from work.
Desde que
Desde que me monté en el avión, desconnecté de mi trabajo.
`
To express length of time or period of time that one did something in the past–over and done with
I attended Emory University during 4 years or for 4 years.
Assistí Emory Universidad durante 4 años.
Assistí Emory University por 4 años.
Question forms to ask how long you have done something. Answer would use hace or hace que
How long have you lived in Charlottesville?
How many years have you lived in Charlottesville?
Cuánto hace que vives en C’ville?
Cuántos años hace que vives en C’ville?
