Lección 42 Flashcards
2 foreign (esp. Western)
洋
yáng
NOUN
1 ocean
四大洋
sì dàyáng
the four oceans (i.e. the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Arctic Ocean)
2
DATED
silver dollar or coin
罚洋一百元
fá yáng yībǎi yuán
impose a fine of one hundred silver dollars
ADJECTIVE
1 vast; multitudinous
See 洋溢
2 foreign (esp. Western)
洋狗
yánggǒu
dog of foreign breed
洋博士
yángbóshì
foreign-educated doctor
洋快餐
yáng kuàicān
foreign fast food
3 modern (opp. 土)
洋办法
yángbànfǎ
modern methods
rural area; countryside; village
农村〔農-〕
nóngcūn
NOUN
rural area; countryside; village
family reunion dinner on lunar New Year’s Eve
年夜饭〔–飯〕
niányèfàn
NOUN
family reunion dinner on lunar New Year’s Eve
VARIANTS
年饭〔年飯〕 niánfàn
health; physique
健康
jiànkāng
NOUN
health; physique
健康不佳
jiànkāng bùjiā
ill-health
人民的健康水平有了很大提高。
Rénmín de jiànkāng shuǐpíng yǒu le hěn dà tígāo.
The general level of the people’s health has markedly improved.
ADJECTIVE
healthy; sound
健康长寿
jiànkāng chángshòu
good health and a long life
健康文明的生活方式
jiànkāng wénmíng de shēnghuó fāngshì
healthy and civilized life style
身体健康
shēntǐ jiànkāng
be in good health
祝你健康！
Zhù nǐ jiànkāng!
Wish you good health.
情况基本上是健康的。
Qíngkuàng jīběnshang shì jiànkāng de.
The situation is basically sound.
为朋友们的健康干杯！
Wèi péngyou men de jiànkāng gānbēi!
Let’s drink a toast to our friends’ health!
中国经济正在健康地发展。
Zhōngguó jīngjì zhèngzài jiànkāng de fāzhǎn.
China’s economy is developing healthily.
get rich; make a fortune; make a pile
发财〔發財〕
fācái
VERB
1
(-//-)
get rich; make a fortune; make a pile
恭喜发财。
Gōngxǐfācái!
POLITE EXPRESSION
Wish you a happy and prosperous year.
他做股票发了大财。
Tā zuò gǔpiào fā le dà cái.
He made a fortune buying and selling stocks.
2
COLLOQUIAL POLITE EXPRESSION
seek one’s fortune—work; get one’s job
你现在在哪里发财呀？
Nǐ xiànzài zài nǎlifācái ya?
Where are you working now?
Everything goes as one wishes
万事如意〔萬—〕
wànshì-rúyì
IDIOM
Everything goes as one wishes
祝您万事如意。
POLITE EXPRESSION
Zhù nín wànshìrúyì.
May everything be fine for you.
on the contrary; instead
反而
fǎn’ér
ADVERB
on the contrary; instead
风不但没停, 反而更大了。
Fēng bùdàn méi tíng, fǎn’ér gèng dà le.
Instead of stopping, the wind blew even harder.
困难吓不倒我们, 反而激起我们更大的干劲。
Kùnnan xià bù dǎo wǒmen, fǎn’ér jīqǐ wǒmen gèng dà de gànjìn.
We were not cowed by difficulties. On the contrary, they inspired us to even greater efforts.
VARIANTS
反倒 fǎndào
1 taste; try the flavour of
尝〔嘗/嚐〕
cháng
VERB
1 taste; try the flavour of
来尝尝。
Lái chángcháng.
Have a taste.
2 experience
尝到甜头
chángdào tiántou
become aware of the benefits of; come to know the good of; experience the advantage of
ADVERB
LITERARY
ever; once
早年尝习英文
Zǎonián cháng xí Yīngwén
learnt English in one’s early years
他未尝认真想过这事。
tā wèi cháng rènzhēn xiǎng guò zhè shì.
He hasn’t given it serious thought.
braise in soy sauce
红烧〔紅燒〕
hóngshāo
VERB
braise in soy sauce
红烧鲤鱼
hóngshāo lǐyú
braised common carp
1 fish
鱼〔魚〕
yú
NOUN
1 fish
两条鱼
Liǎng tiáo yú
two fish
一群鱼
yī qún yú
a school (or shoal) of fish
一尾鱼
yī wěi yú
a fish
鱼与熊掌, 不可兼得。
yú yǔ xióngzhǎng, bùkě jiāndé.
One cannot serve God and Mammon.
2 flesh of fish; fish (as food)
冻鱼
dòngyú
frozen fish
鲜鱼
xiānyú
fresh fish
3
(Yú)
a surname
1 meat (esp. pork)
肉
ròu
NOUN
1 meat (esp. pork)
肉价
ròu jià
meat price
剁肉
duò ròu
chop up meat
蛤肉
géròu
clam meat
鲜肉
xiānròu
fresh meat
2 flesh
掉肉
Diào ròu
lose flesh (or weight)
身上没有肉
shēnshang méiyǒu ròu
be skinny
3 pulp; flesh (of fruit)
桂圆肉
guìyuánròu
longan pulp
冬瓜肉厚。
Dōngguā ròu hòu.
A white gourd is rich in pulp.
ADJECTIVE
1 not crisp; not crunchy; squashy
肉瓤儿西瓜
ròu rángr xīguā
squashy watermelon
2
DIALECT
slow (in movement); sluggish
肉脾气
ròu píqi
phlegmatic temperament
这人做事真肉。
zhè rén zuòshì zhēn ròu.
He does everything in such a lethargic way.
3 carnal; erotic
See 肉感;肉欲
[giving force to a rhetorical question]
难道〔難-〕
nándào
ADVERB
[giving force to a rhetorical question]
难道就罢了不成？
Nándào jiù bàle bù chéng？
How can we let the matter rest here?
难道你忘了自己的诺言吗？
Nándào nǐ wàng le zìjǐ de nuòyán ma？
Can you have forgotten your promise?
这难道还不明白吗？
Zhè nándào hái bù míngbai ma？
Isn’t this perfectly clear?
这一点儿困难难道我们还不能克服吗？
Zhè yīdiǎnr kùnnan nándào wǒmen hái bù néng kèfú ma？
Are we unable to overcome even such little difficulties?
pronounce; enunciate
发音〔發-〕
fāyīn
VERB
(-//-)
pronounce; enunciate
她发音清晰。
Tā fāyīn qīngxī.
She enunciates her words clearly.
在ｄｏｕｂｔ 这个词中, ｂ这个字母不发音。
Zài d’oubt zhège cí zhōng, Fā yīnge zìmǔ bù fāyīn.
The letter b in the word “doubt” is silent (or not pronounced).
这个字怎么发音？
Zhège zì zěnme fāyīn？
How do you pronounce this word?
NOUN
pronunciation; articulation
他的发音不清楚。
tā defāyīn bù qīngchu.
His articulation is poor.
have a surplus after settlement
结余〔結餘〕
jiéyú
VERB
have a surplus after settlement
NOUN
(cash) surplus; balance
handset; mobile (or cellular) phone (opp. 座机)
手机〔-機〕
shǒujī
NOUN
handset; mobile (or cellular) phone (opp. 座机)
dumpling (usu. with meat and vegetable stuffing); jiaozi
饺子〔餃-〕
jiǎozi
NOUN
dumpling (usu. with meat and vegetable stuffing); jiaozi
(Lunar) New Year’s Eve
除夕
chúxī
NOUN
(Lunar) New Year’s Eve
stay up late (or all night) on New Year’s Eve; see out the old year and see in the new; ring in the new year
守岁〔-歲〕
shǒu//suì
VERB
stay up late (or all night) on New Year’s Eve; see out the old year and see in the new; ring in the new year
do as one pleases
anyhow; any
随便〔隨-〕
suí//biàn
VERB
do as one pleases
随你的便 (= 随便你)。
Suí nǐ de biàn .
Do as you please. or Suit yourself.
ADJECTIVE
1 casual; random; informal
随便闲
Suíbiàn xiántán
chat; chitchat
随便说了几句
suíbiàn shuō le jǐ jù
make some casual remarks
随便吃吧。
Suíbiàn chī ba.
Help yourself.
我只是随便问问。
Wǒ zhǐshì suíbiàn wènwen.
I was just asking.
你怎么能这样随便答应呢？
Nǐ zěnme néng zhèyàng suíbiàn dāying ne？
How could you agree so casually?
这些学生对老师太过随便了。
Zhèxiē xuésheng duì lǎoshī tàiguò suíbiàn le.
These students are too familiar with their teacher.
2 careless; slipshod
说话随便
Shuōhuà suíbiàn
not be careful about the way one talks
3 wanton; wilful; arbitrary
随便撕毁协议
suíbiàn sīhuǐ xiéyì
wantonly tear up an agreement
CONJUNCTION
anyhow; any
随便什么时候来都行。
Suíbiàn shénme shíhou lái dōu xíng.
Come any time you like.
ADVERB
VARIANT OF 好歹 II 2
make do; somehow
set off firecrackers; light firecrackers
放鞭炮
fàngbiānpào
set off firecrackers; light firecrackers
prohibit; ban; forbid
禁止
jìnzhǐ
VERB
prohibit; ban; forbid
禁止鸣笛
jìnzhǐ míngdí
no honking; no car horns
禁止入内
Jìnzhǐ rùnèi.
no admittance; no entry
禁止停车
Jìnzhǐ tíngchē.
no parking
禁止通行
Jìnzhǐ tōngxíng.
no thoroughfare; closed to traffic
禁止涂写
Jìnzhǐ tú xiě!
no graffiti
禁止张贴
Jìnzhǐ zhāngtiē.
no poster allowed; post no bills
禁止倒垃圾
Jìnzhǐ dào lājī.
no dumping here
禁止随地吐痰
jìnzhǐ suídì tǔtán
no spitting
主张全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器
zhǔzhāng quánmiàn jìnzhǐ hé chèdǐ xiāohuǐ héwǔqì
advocate the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons
禁止拍照。
Jìnzhǐ pāizhào.
Cameras are forbidden.
禁止砍伐树木。
Jìnzhǐ kǎnfá shùmù.
No tree-felling.
医生禁止他抽烟。
Yīshēng jìnzhǐ tā chōuyān.
The doctor forbids him to smoke.
no wonder; so that’s why; that explains why
怪不得
guàibude
ADVERB
no wonder; so that’s why; that explains why
怪不得多一张票, 她把自己的让出来了。
Guàibude duō yī zhāng piào, tā bǎ zìjǐ de ràng chūlai le.
So that’s why there’s an extra ticket. She has given hers up.
VERB
not to blame
他来晚了, 这怪不得他, 因为开会时间通知错了。
tā lái wǎn le, zhè guàibude tā, yīnwèi kāihuì shíjiān tōngzhī cuòle.
He’s not to blame for coming late to the meeting, for he was told the wrong time.
parts of the country other than where one is
外地
wàidì
NOUN
parts of the country other than where one is
代表团将在首都访问三天, 然后赴外地游览。
Dàibiǎotuán jiāng zài shǒudū fǎngwèn sān tiān, ránhòu fù wàidì yóulǎn.
The delegation will pay a three-day visit to the capital before leaving for other parts of the country.
Spring Festival couplets (pasted on gateposts or door panels conveying one’s best wishes for the year); New Year couplets
春联〔-聯〕
chūnlián
NOUN
Spring Festival couplets (pasted on gateposts or door panels conveying one’s best wishes for the year); New Year couplets
贴春联
tiē chūnlián
paste New Year couplets
VARIANTS
春联儿〔春聯兒〕 chūnliánr
paper-cut for window decoration
窗花
chuānghuā
NOUN
paper-cut for window decoration
VARIANTS
窗花儿〔窗花兒〕 chuānghuār
especially; particularly
尤其
yóuqí
ADVERB
especially; particularly
讲话的第一部分尤其重要。
Jiǎnghuà de dì-yī bùfen yóuqí zhòngyào.
The first part of the speech is particularly important.
多喝酒对身体不好, 尤其影响心脏。
Duō hē jiǔ duì shēntǐ bù hǎo, yóuqí yǐngxiǎng xīnzàng.
Heavy drinking is harmful to health, especially to the heart.
[term of address for a man used by members of his wife’s family] son-in-law
姑爷〔-爺〕
gūye
NOUN
COLLOQUIAL
[term of address for a man used by members of his wife’s family] son-in-law
turkey
火鸡〔-雞〕
huǒjī
NOUN
turkey
VARIANTS
吐绶鸡〔吐綬雞〕 tǔshòujī
1 wood; log; timber
木头〔-頭〕
mùtou
NOUN
木头桌子
mùtou zhuōzi
wooden table
一块木头
yī kuài mùtou
a piece of wood
2 woodenhead; blockhead
cement
水泥
shuǐní
NOUN
cement
高标号水泥
Gāo biāohào shuǐní
high-grade cement; high quality cement
fit up (a house, etc.); decorate
装修〔裝-〕
zhuāngxiū
VERB
fit up (a house, etc.); decorate
装修门面
zhuāngxiū ménmiàn
fit up the front of a shop
monster; demon
怪/恠
guài
NOUN
monster; demon
鬼怪
guǐguài
evil spirit
ADJECTIVE
1 strange; odd; queer; bewildering
怪现象
guàixiànxiàng
something quite unusual
你说怪不怪？
Nǐ shuō guài bù guài？
Isn’t this strange?
他这个人真怪！
Tā zhège rén zhēn guài!
He’s rather odd.
他不来才怪呢。
Tā bù lái cái guài ne.
I would be surprised if he doesn’t come. or Of course he’ll come!
2 find sth. strange; wonder at
那有什么可怪的？
Nà yǒu shénme kě guài de？
There’s nothing strange about that! or Nothing to be surprised at!
ADVERB
COLLOQUIAL
quite; rather
怪不好意思的
guài bù hǎoyìsi de
feel rather embarrassed
箱子怪沉的。
Xiāngzi guài chén de.
The suitcase is pretty heavy.
VERB
blame
不能怪他们。
Bù néng guài tāmen.
They’re not to blame. or It’s not their fault.
怪我没讲清楚。
Guài wǒ méi jiǎng qīngchu.
It’s my fault for not making things clearer.
enjoy the cool; relax in a cool place
乘凉〔-涼〕
chéng//liáng
VERB
enjoy the cool; relax in a cool place
1 to give
2 to deliver
3 to hand over
交给〔-給〕
jiāogěi
1 to give
2 to deliver
3 to hand over
1 essay; article
2 literary works; writings
3 hidden (or implied) meaning
文章
wénzhāng
NOUN
1 essay; article
2 literary works; writings
3 hidden (or implied) meaning
话里有文章。
Huà lǐ yǒu wénzhāng.
There is something behind that remark. or That’s an insinuating remark.
其中大有文章。
Qízhōng dàyǒuwénzhāng.
There is more than meets the eye.
See 做文章
May you have a prosperous New Year! (New Year’s greeting)
恭喜发财〔–發財〕
gōngxǐfācái
May you have a prosperous New Year! (New Year’s greeting)
on time; on schedule
按时〔-時〕
ànshí
ADVERB
按时到达
ànshí dàodá
arrive on time
按时赴约
ànshí fùyuē
be punctual for one’s appointment; arrive on time for the appointment
按时作息
ànshí zuòxī
keep good hour
不能按时上下班
bùnéng ànshí shàngxiàbān
keep bad working hours
money for buying or selling goods; payment for goods
货款〔貨-〕
huòkuǎn
NOUN
money for buying or selling goods; payment for goods
trust and appoint
信用
xìnyòng
VERB
LITERARY
trust and appoint
信用贤士
xìnyòng xiánshì
appoint people of good virtue; employ people of integrity
NOUN
1 trustworthiness; credit
讲信用
Jiǎng xìnyòng
keep one’s word
丧失信用
sàng shī xìn yòng
lose one’s credit
他信用好, 完全可以信任。
Tā xìnyòng hǎo, wánquán kěyǐ xìnrèn.
His credit is good. You can trust him.
2 credit
1 circumstances; situation; condition; state of affairs
情况〔-況〕
qíngkuàng
NOUN
1 circumstances; situation; condition; state of affairs
在许多情况下
zài xǔduō qíngkuàng xià
in many cases
在这种情况下
zài zhèzhǒng qíngkuàng xià
under these circumstances; such being the case
根据具体情况
gēnjù jùtǐ qíngkuàng
in accordance with specific conditions
情况不明。
Qíngkuàngbùmíng.
The situation is not clear.
那得看情况而定。
Nà děi kàn qíngkuàng ér dìng.
That depends. or It all depends.
他们的情况怎么样？
Tāmen de qíngkuàng zěnmeyàng？
How do matters stand with them?
现在情况不同了。
Xiànzài qíngkuàng bùtóng le.
Now things are different.
这种情况必须改变。
Zhèzhǒng qíngkuàng bìxū gǎibiàn.
This state of affairs must change.
2 military situation
前线有什么情况？
Qiánxiàn yǒu shénme qíngkuàng？
How is the situation at the front?
前面有情况, 做好战斗准备。
Qiánmian yǒu qíngkuàng, zuòhǎo zhàndòu zhǔnbèi.
There’s enemy activity ahead. Prepare for combat.
1 long leave of absence
长假〔長-〕
chángjià
NOUN
1 long leave of absence
请长假
qǐng chángjià
ask for a long leave of absence
2 long holiday
放七天长假
fàng qī tiān chángjià
have seven days’ long vacation
3
DATED
resignation
be windy
刮风〔颳風〕
guāfēng
be windy
A relative far off is less helpful than a neighbour close by. or Neighbours are dearer than distant relatives.
远亲不如近邻〔遠親—鄰〕
yuǎnqīn bùrú jìnlín
A relative far off is less helpful than a neighbour close by. or Neighbours are dearer than distant relatives.
a compound with houses around a square courtyard); quadrangle dwellings
四合院
sìhéyuàn
NOUN
siheyuanr (a compound with houses around a square courtyard); quadrangle dwellings
VARIANTS
四合房 sìhéfáng
四合院儿〔四合院兒〕 sìhéyuànr
outfit; clothing
1 load; pack; hold
装〔裝〕
zhuāng
NOUN
1 outfit; clothing
滑雪装
huáxuězhuāng
ski suit
2 stage makeup and costume
卸装
xièzhuāng
remove stage makeup and costume
VERB
1 dress up; attire; deck; play the part (or role) of; act
她装老大娘真像。
Tā zhuāng lǎodàniáng zhēn xiàng.
She acted an old woman and really looked the part.
2 pretend; feign; make believe
装出一副可怜相
Zhuāng chū yī fù kěliánxiàng
assume a pitiful look
不要不懂装懂。
Bùyào bùdǒngzhuāngdǒng.
Don’t pretend to know when you don’t.
她不是真哭, 是装的。
Tā bù shì zhēn kū, shì zhuāng de.
She wasn’t really crying, just pretending.
VERB
1 load; pack; hold
装桶
zhuāng tǒng
fill the cask (or barrel)
装箱
zhuāngxiāng
pack a box; put in a crate; crate
装烟袋
zhuāng yāndài
fill one’s pipe
这书包装不下这么多东西。
Zhè shūbāo zhuāng bù xià zhème duō dōngxi.
This satchel can’t hold so much.
2 install; fit; assemble
装个无线电
zhuāng ge wúxiàndiàn
assemble a radio set
给门装上锁
Gěi mén zhuāng shàng suǒ
fit a lock on the door
我们村家家户户都装上了电灯。
Wǒmen cūn jiājiāhùhù dōu zhuāng shàng le diàndēng.
Electric lights have been installed in every house in our village. or Every house in our village now has electric lights.
lorry; truck
卡车〔-車〕
kǎchē
NOUN
lorry; truck
卡车司机
kǎ chē sī jī
truck driver; trucker; truckman
wood; log; timber
木头〔-頭〕
mùtou
NOUN
1 wood; log; timber
木头桌子
mùtou zhuōzi
wooden table
一块木头
yī kuài mùtou
a piece of wood
2 woodenhead; blockhead
cement
水泥
shuǐní
NOUN
cement
高标号水泥
Gāo biāohào shuǐní
high-grade cement; high quality cement
fit up (a house, etc.); decorate
装修〔裝-〕
zhuāngxiū
VERB
fit up (a house, etc.); decorate
装修门面
zhuāngxiū ménmiàn
fit up the front of a shop
neighbour
邻居〔鄰-〕
línjū
NOUN
neighbour
unload; discharge; lay down
卸
xiè
VERB
1 unload; discharge; lay down
卸担子
xiè dànzi
lay down a burden
卸牲口
xiè shēngkou
unhitch a draught animal
2 remove; strip
卸零件
xiè língjiàn
remove parts from a machine; strip a machine
把门卸下来
bǎ mén xiè xiàlai
lift a door off its hinges
3 get rid of; shirk (one’s task, responsibility)
See 卸责
work; work on a job
干活儿〔幹-兒〕
gànhuór
VARIANT OF 干活〔幹活〕 gàn//huó
VERB
COLLOQUIAL
work; work on a job
干活去吧。
Gànhuó qù ba.
Let’s get to work.
他们都在干活呢。
Tāmen dōu zài gànhuó ne.
They are all at work. or They are all on the job.
今天你干什么活儿啊？
Jīntiān nǐ gàn shénme huór a?
What’s your job for today?
他是干木匠活儿的。
Tā shì gàn mùjiang huór de.
He works as a carpenter.
[for a round trip]
趟
tàng
MEASURE WORD
1 [for a round trip]
昆明我只去过一趟。
Kūnmíng wǒ zhǐ qù guò yī tàng.
I have been to Kunming only once.
这车运了两趟煤。
Zhè chē yùn le liǎng tàng méi.
This truck has transported two loads of coal.
他左一趟右一趟地跑飞机场迎接朋友。
Tā zuǒ yī tàng yòu yī tàng de pǎo fēi jīchǎng yíngjiē péngyou.
He went to the airport several times to meet his friends.
这辆卡车昨天往工地跑了三趟。
Zhè liàng kǎchē zuótiān wǎng gōngdì pǎo le sān tàng.
Yesterday, the truck made three trips to the construction site.
这一趟来, 是专给你们送好消息的。
Zhè yī tàng lái, shì zhuān gěi nǐmen sòng hǎo xiāoxi de.
This time, I’ve come to bring you good news.
2 [for a single train trip]
刚开出一趟列车。
Gāng kāi chū yī tàng lièchē.
A train has just left.
这趟车是去广州的。
Zhè tàng chē shì qù Guǎngzhōu de.
This train goes to Guangzhou. or This is the Guangzhou train.
我坐上了最后一趟去天津的火车。
Wǒ zuò shàng le zuìhòu yī tàng qù Tiānjīn de huǒchē.
I caught the last train to Tianjin.
一下子到了好几趟车, 站台上挤满了人。
Yīxiàzi dào le hǎojǐ tàng chē, zhàntái shàng jǐmǎn le rén.
A number of trains arrived almost at the same time, and the platforms were crowded.
3
DIALECT
[for a street, or things arranged in a row]
几趟大字
jǐ tàng dàzì
a few rows of big characters
两趟桌子
liǎng tàng zhuōzi
two rows of tables
一趟街
yī tàng jiē
a street
NOUN
sth. that is going on
跟不上趟
Gēnbushàng tàng
lag behind
joke; jest
笑话〔-話〕
xiàohua
NOUN
joke; jest
说笑话
shuō xiàohua
crack a joke
VERB
laugh at; ridicule
笑话人
xiàohua rén
laugh at sb.
咱们一定要赢, 别让人笑话咱们。
Zánmen yīdìng yào yíng, bié ràng rén xiàohua zánmen.
We must win the game, and not give others any chance to laugh at us.
See 看笑话; 闹笑话
VARIANTS
笑话儿〔笑話兒〕 xiàohuar
hesitate; be irresolute
犹豫〔猶-〕
yóuyù
ADJECTIVE
hesitate; be irresolute
犹豫不定
yóuyùbùdìng
hesitate; remain undecided
毫不犹豫
háobù yóuyù
without the least hesitation
犹犹豫豫
yóuyóuyùyù
shilly-shally
他犹豫了一下才回答。
Tā yóuyù le yī xià cái huídá.
He hesitated for a minute before he answered.
push; shove
推
tuī
VERB
1 push; shove
推车
tuīchē
push a cart
推了他一下
tuī le tā yī xià
give him a push
把门推开
bǎ mén tuīkāi
push (or shove) the door open
把竹排推进河里
bǎ zhúpái tuījìn hé lǐ
shove (or push) the bamboo raft into the river
把子弹推上膛
bǎ zǐdàn tuī shàng táng
ram a cartridge into the rifle chamber
2 turn a mill or grindstone; grind
推点儿白面
tuī diǎnr báimiàn
grind some wheat into flour
3 cut; pare
用刨子推光
yòng bàozi tuī guāng
make smooth with a plane; plane
4 push forward; promote; advance
把工程建设推向高潮
bǎ gōngchéng jiànshè tuī xiàng gāocháo
bring the construction project to a climax
5 infer; deduce
类推
lèituī
analogize; reason by analogy
6 push away; shirk; shift
不要把重担子推给人家。
Bùyào bǎ zhòng dànzi tuī gěi rénjia.
Don’t shift burdensome tasks onto others.
7 put off; postpone
往后推几天
Wǎng hòu tuī jǐ tiān
postpone for a few days
这项工作得抓紧, 不能老是往后推。
Zhè xiàng gōngzuò de zhuājǐn, bù néng lǎoshi wǎng hòu tuī.
We have to get on with this job; we can’t put it off day after day.
8 elect; choose
推他担任小组长
tuī tā dānrèn xiǎozǔzhǎng
elect him group leader; choose him to be group leader
9 hold in esteem; praise highly
See 推许
wheelbarrow; handbarrow; handcart; pushcart
小车〔-車〕
xiǎochē
NOUN
1 wheelbarrow; handbarrow; handcart; pushcart
2 car; sedan
VARIANTS
小车儿〔小車兒〕 xiǎochēr
clap; pat; beat
拍
pāi
NOUN
1 bat; racket
苍蝇拍
cāngyingpāi
flyswatter
网球拍
wǎngqiúpāi
tennis racket
乒乓球拍
Pīngpāng qiúpāi
ping-pong bat
2
MUSIC
beat; time
一小节四拍
yī xiǎojié sì pāi
four beats in (or to) a bar
这歌是几拍的？——是四四拍的。
Zhè gē shì jǐ pāi de? ——Shì sì sì pāi de.
What time is the song in? —It’s in four-four time.
VERB
1 clap; pat; beat
拍球
pāiqiú
bounce a ball
拍拍翅膀
pāipāi chìbǎng
flap wings; beat wings
拍拍他的肩膀
Pāipāi tā de jiānbǎng
pat him on the shoulder
拍桌子大骂
pāi zhuōzi dà mà
bang the table and curse loudly
拍掉身上的土
pāi diào shēnshang de tǔ
pat one’s clothes to get the dust off; dust oneself off
惊涛拍岸
jīngtāo pāi àn
mighty waves beating the shore
2 take (a picture); shoot
拍电影
Pāi diànyǐng
shoot (or make) a film
这部小说已拍成电影。
Zhè bù xiǎoshuō yǐ pāi chéng diànyǐng.
This novel has been made into a film.
今天天气不好, 外景拍不成了。
Jīntiān tiānqì bù hǎo, wàijǐng pāi bù chéng le.
We can’t shoot the outdoor scenes in this foul weather.
3 send (a telegram, etc.)
拍电报
pāi diànbào
send a telegram
4
COLLOQUIAL
flatter; fawn on
一不会吹, 二不会拍
yī bù huì chuī, èr bù huì pāi
not be given to bragging or toadying
5
COLLOQUIAL ABBREVIATION
auction
拍出去五辆车
pāi chūqu wǔ liàng chē
sold five cars by (or at) auction; auction five cars
VARIANTS
拍儿〔拍兒〕 pāir
hastily; hurriedly; promptly
连忙〔連-〕
liánmáng
ADVERB
hastily; hurriedly; promptly
他连忙道歉。
Tā liánmáng dàoqiàn.
He hastened to apologize.
听见有人叫唤, 他连忙去开门。
Tīng jiàn yǒurén jiàohuan, tā liánmáng qù kāi mén.
Hearing someone calling him, he hurried to open the door.
sound; noise; phono; voice
声〔聲〕
shēng
NOUN
1 sound; noise; phono; voice
声如洪钟
shēngrúhóngzhōng
sb.’s voice is like a great bell
高声朗读
gāoshēng lǎngdú
read aloud
喊杀声
hǎn “shā” shēng
battle cry
脚步声
jiǎobùshēng
sound of footsteps
小声儿说话
xiǎo shēng r shuōhuà
speak in a low voice
2 initial of a Chinese syllable
See 声母
3 tone
去声
qùshēng
falling tone
4 reputation
See 声誉
VERB
make a sound
不声不响
bùshēngbùxiǎng
quiet; silent
MEASURE WORD
[for sounds]
我喊了他两声。
Wǒ hǎn le tā liǎng shēng.
I called to him twice.
我听见一声炮响。
Wǒ tīng jiàn yī shēng pào xiǎng.
I heard the sound of a cannon going off.
VARIANTS
声儿〔聲兒〕 shēng er
1 in other words
2 that is to say
3 so
4 thus
也就是说〔—說〕
yějiùshìshuō
1 in other words
2 that is to say
3 so
4 thus
1 surmount; overcome; conquer
克服
kèfú
VERB
1 surmount; overcome; conquer
克服困难
kèfú kùnnan
surmount a difficulty
克服缺点
kèfú quēdiǎn
overcome one’s shortcomings
克服片面性
kèfú piànmiànxìng
eliminate one-sidedness
克服官僚主义
kèfú guānliáozhǔyì
get rid of bureaucracy
2
COLLOQUIAL
put up with (hardships, inconveniences, etc.)
这儿生活条件不太好, 咱们先克服点儿吧。
zhèr shēnghuó tiáojiàn bùtài hǎo, zánmen xiān kèfú diǎnr ba.
The living conditions here are not very good, but let’s put up with them for a while.
1 catch (or seize) hold of; grip
抓住
zhuā//zhù
VERB
1 catch (or seize) hold of; grip
抓住机遇
zhuāzhù jīyù
grasp the opportunity
抓住要害
zhuāzhù yàohài
get to the root of; find the main cause; scratch where it itches
抓住她的胳膊
Zhuāzhù tā de gēbo
take (or grab) her arm
抓住一点儿小事做文章
zhuāzhù yīdiǎnr xiǎoshì zuò wénzhāng
seize on a trifle and make an issue of it; make a fuss about nothing
2 catch; capture
抓住一个小偷
zhuāzhù yī ge xiǎotōu
catch a thief
3 grip the attention; gripping
这出戏一开场就抓住了观众。
Zhè chū xì yī kāichǎng jiù zhuāzhù le guānzhòng.
The play gripped the audience from the moment the curtain rose.
1 park (a vehicle)
停放
tíngfàng
VERB
1 park (a vehicle)
人行道上不准停放自行车。
Rénxíngdào shàng bù zhǔn tíngfàng zìxíngchē.
Don’t park bicycles on the pavement.
2 place (a coffin)
arrangement; plan; schedule; disposal
安排
ānpái
NOUN
arrangement; plan; schedule; disposal
座次的安排
zuòcì de’ānpái
seating arrangements
作精心的安排
zuò jīngxīn de’ānpái
make meticulous (or elaborate) arrangements
明天你有什么安排？
míngtiān nǐ yǒu shénme’ānpái?
What’s your schedule for tomorrow? or What are your plans for toworrow?
我完全听候你的安排。
Wǒ wánquán tīnghòu nǐ de’ānpái.
I am entirely at your disposal.
VERB
arrange (matters); plan in detail; dispose (manpower); fix up
安排版面
ānpái bǎnmiàn
plan the layout (of printed matter)
安排好度假事宜
ānpái hǎo dùjià shìyí
have everything planned for the holiday; make holiday plans
安排系列讲座
ānpái xìliè jiǎngzuò
arrange a series of lectures
给新来的人安排任务
gěi xīnlái de rén ānpái rènwu
allocate (or assign) duties to newcomers
合理安排人力
hélǐ ānpái rénlì
deploy available manpower rationally; make rational use of manpower
每周安排一个下午开会
měi zhōu ānpái yī ge xiàwǔ kāihuì
set aside one afternoon a week for meetings
妥善安排时间
tuǒshàn ānpái shíjiān
manage one’s time well
为某人安排床铺
wèi mǒurén ānpái chuángpù
fix sb. up with a bed
为外宾安排参观游览
wèi wàibīn ānpái cānguān yóulǎn
arrange visits and sightseeing trips for foreign guests
日程安排得太紧了。
Rìchéng ānpái de tài jǐn le.
Our schedule is much too tight.
明天的工作都安排好了。
míngtiān de gōngzuò dōu ānpái hǎole.
The work for tomorrow is all laid out.
realize; fulfill; carry out; bring about
实现〔實現〕
shíxiàn
VERB
realize; fulfill; carry out; bring about
实现理想
shíxiàn lǐxiǎng
realize one’s ideal
实现诺言
shíxiàn nuòyán
fulfill one’s promises
实现零的突破
shíxiàn líng de tūpò
fulfill the zero (gold medal, etc.) breakthrough; win one’s first…
实现民族复兴
shíxiàn mínzú fùxīng
bring about the rejuvenation of the nation
实现祖国统一
shíxiàn zǔguó tǒngyī
reunify the motherland
实现科学技术现代化
shíxiàn kēxué jìshù xiàndàihuà
modernize science and technology
他的夙愿实现了。
Tā de sùyuàn shíxiàn le.
His long-cherished wish has come true.
她实现了当演员的愿望。
Tā shíxiàn le dāng yǎnyuán de yuànwàng.
She realized her ambition to become an actress.
business; trade
生意
shēngyi
NOUN
business; trade
生意亏本
shēngyi kuīběn
business running at loss
抢生意
qiǎngshēngyi
undercut; hustle
做生意
zuòshēngyi
do business
生意萧条。
Shēngyi xiāotiáo.
Business is dull (or stagnant).
生意兴隆。
Shēngyi xīnglóng.
Trade is brisk. or Business is booming.
他是做药品生意的。
tā shì zuò yàopǐn shēngyi de.
He’s in the drug business.
1 forget
2 overlook; neglect
忘
wàng
VERB
1 forget
别忘了给我打电话。
Bié wàng le gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà.
Don’t forget to call me.
他把这事全忘了。
Tā bǎ zhè shì quán wàng le.
He forgot all about it. or He clean forgot about the whole thing.
我忘了拿笔记本。
Wǒ wàng le ná bǐjìběn.
I’ve left my notebook behind.
我永远也忘不了离家的那一天。
Wǒ yǒngyuǎn yě wàngbuliǎo lí jiā de nà yī tiān.
I’ll always remember the day I left home.
2 overlook; neglect
不要只看到事物的一面而忘了另一面。
Bùyào zhǐ kàndào shìwù de yī miàn ér wàng le lìng yīmiàn.
Don’t look at only one aspect of things and neglect the other.
exercise (in a book)
练习〔練習〕
liànxí
NOUN
exercise (in a book)
交练习
jiāo liànxí
hand in exercises
做练习
Zuò liànxí
do exercises
算术练习
suànshù liànxí
arithmetic exercises
VERB
practise
练习射击
liànxí shèjī
practise marksmanship
练习讲英语
Liànxí jiǎng Yīngyǔ
practise speaking English
写字得经常练习才能写好。
Xiězì děi jīngcháng liànxí cái néng xiě hǎo.
Chinese calligraphy requires constant practice before you can master the art.
dictionary
词典〔詞-〕
cídiǎn
NOUN
dictionary
编词典
biān cídiǎn
compile a dictionary
查词典
chá cídiǎn
consult a dictionary; look up a word in a dictionary
单语词典
dānyǔ cídiǎn
monolingual dictionary
《汉英词典》
Hàn-Yīng cídiǎn
A Chinese-English Dictionary
双语词典
shuāngyǔ cídiǎn
bilingual dictionary
他的词典里没有“害怕”这个词。
tā de cídiǎn lǐ méiyǒu “hàipà” zhège cí.
“Fear” is a word that has no place in his vocabulary.
VARIANTS
辞典〔辭典〕 cídiǎn
translate; interpret
翻译〔-譯〕
fānyì
VERB
translate; interpret
翻译电码
Fānyì diànmǎ
decode; decipher
笔头翻译
bǐtóu fānyì
translation
口头翻译
kǒutóu fānyì
interpretation
逐字翻译
zhúzì fānyì
word-for-word (or literal) translation
这部书已经翻译成多种语言。
zhè bù shū yǐjingfānyì chéng duōzhǒng yǔyán.
This book has been translated into several languages.
NOUN
translator; interpreter
担任翻译
dānrèn fānyì
work as interpreter
no wonder; so that’s why; that explains why
怪不得
guàibude
ADVERB
no wonder; so that’s why; that explains why
怪不得多一张票, 她把自己的让出来了。
Guàibude duō yī zhāng piào, tā bǎ zìjǐ de ràng chūlai le.
So that’s why there’s an extra ticket. She has given hers up.
VERB
not to blame
他来晚了, 这怪不得他, 因为开会时间通知错了。
tā lái wǎn le, zhè guàibude tā, yīnwèi kāihuì shíjiān tōngzhī cuòle.
He’s not to blame for coming late to the meeting, for he was told the wrong time.
1 bed
床/牀
chuáng
NOUN
1 bed
小孩床
xiǎoháichuáng
child’s cot; baby’s crib
躺在床上
tǎng zài chuáng shàng
lie in bed
卧病在床
wòbìngzàichuáng
take to one’s bed; be laid up
2 sth. shaped like a bed
河床
héchuáng
riverbed
MEASURE WORD
[for bedding]
三床铺盖
sān chuángpù gài
three sets of bedding
一床被子
yī chuáng bèizi
one quilt
一床毯子
yī chuáng tǎnzi
one blanket
valuable; precious
珍贵〔-貴〕
zhēnguì
ADJECTIVE
valuable; precious
珍贵药材
zhēnguì yàocái
valuable ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine
珍贵的纪念品
zhēnguì de jìniànpǐn
precious mementos
珍贵的历史文物
zhēnguì de lìshǐ wénwù
precious historical relics
Qí Báishí
齐白石〔齊–〕
Qí Báishí
Qi Baishi (1864-1957), famous Chinese painter
grow flowers
养花〔養-〕
yǎnghuā
grow flowers
kid
小伙
xiǎohuǒ
VARIANT OF 小家伙 xiǎojiāhuo
NOUN
COLLOQUIAL
kid
我那小家伙调皮得很。
Wǒ nà xiǎojiāhuo tiáopí de hěn.
My kid is very naughty.
OTHER VARIANTS
小傢伙 xiǎojiāhuo
小家伙儿〔小家伙兒〕 xiǎojiāhuor
1 happy mood
2. state of mind; mood
心花
xīnhuā
NOUN
1 happy mood
2
DIALECT
state of mind; mood
1 move back; retreat (opp. 进)
2 cause to move back; withdraw; remove
退
tuì
VERB
1 move back; retreat (opp. 进)
退一步说
tuì yī bù shuō
even if that is so; even so
敌人已经退了。
Dírén yǐjing tuì le.
The enemy has retreated.
他往后退了几步。
Tā wǎng hòu tuì le jǐ bù.
He stepped back a few paces. or He backed up several steps.
2 cause to move back; withdraw; remove
把子弹退出来
bǎ zǐdàn tuì chūlai
remove a cartridge from the breech of a gun; unload a gun
3 withdraw from; quit
See 退党
4 decline; recede; ebb
潮水退了。
Cháoshuǐ tuì le.
The tide has receded. or The tide is on the ebb.
5 fade
See 退色 tuì//shǎi
6 return; give back; refund
空瓶不退。
Kōng píng bù tuì.
Empty bottles are not refundable.
把这份礼退掉。
Bǎ zhè fèn lǐ tuì diào.
Return this gift.
7 cancel; break off
退掉订货
Tuì diào dìnghuò
cancel an order (for merchandise)
1 stop; cease
休
xiū
VERB
1 stop; cease
争论不休
zhēnglùn bùxiū
argue ceaselessly
2 rest
休大礼拜
xiū dàlǐbài
have every other Sunday off
3
DATED
cast off (one’s wife and send her home)
休妻
xiūqī
put one’s wife away
ADVERB
LITERARY
not [usu. in the early vernacular]
闲休提。
Xiánhuà xiū tí.
No more of this digression.
休要胡言乱语！
Xiū yào húyánluànyǔ!
Don’t talk nonsense!
NOUN
LITERARY
good fortune
See 休咎
tàijíquán
太极拳〔-極-〕
tàijíquán
NOUN
SPORTS
taijiquan (system of physical movement that emphasizes balance, coordination, and effortlessness, designed for attaining physical and mental well-being; also an art of self-defence)
See 打太极拳
1 crawl; creep
爬
pá
VERB
1 crawl; creep
这小孩儿会爬了。
zhè xiǎoháir huì pá le.
The baby can crawl now.
有一条虫子在你背上爬。
Yǒu yī tiáo chóngzi zài nǐ bèi shàng pá.
There is a worm creeping up your back.
2 climb; clamber; scramble
爬树
páshù
climb a tree
爬绳
páshéng
climb a rope
爬山
páshān
climb a mountain
墙上爬满了常春藤。
Qiáng shàng pá mǎn le chángchūnténg.
The wall is covered with ivy.
3 sit up; get up
从床上爬起来
Cóng chuáng shàng pá qǐlai
get out of bed; rise from one’s bed
consult; discuss; talk over
商量
shāngliang
VERB
consult; discuss; talk over
有事同群众商量。
Yǒu shì tóng qúnzhòng shāngliang.
Consult the masses when matters arise.
这事可以商量着办。
Zhè shì kěyǐ shāngliang zhe bàn.
That can be settled through discussion.
咱们得找主任商量一下。
Zánmen děi zhǎo zhǔrèn shāngliang yīxià.
We ought to talk it over with the director.
take care; be careful; be cautious
小心
xiǎoxin (or xiǎoxīn)
VERB
take care; be careful; be cautious
小心火烛！
xiǎoxin huǒ-zhú！
Guard against fire!
小心轻放！
xiǎoxinqīngfàng！
Handle with care!
小心油漆！
xiǎoxin yóuqī ！
Mind the wet paint!
过马路要小心。
Guò mǎlù yào xiǎoxin.
Be careful when crossing the street.
路滑, 小心摔倒。
Lù huá, xiǎoxin shuāidǎo.
The road is slippery. Be careful not to slip and fall.
ADJECTIVE
mindful; careful; heedful
他说话很小心。
tā shuōhuà hěn xiǎoxin.
He’s very careful about his speech.
她用钱很小心。
Tā yòngqian hěn xiǎoxin.
She’s frugal of her money.
See 赔小心
break; smash
打破
dǎpo (or dǎpò)
VERB
break; smash
打破常规
dǎpo chángguī
break free from conventions; break the normal procedure
打破纪录
dǎpo jìlù
break a record
打破僵局
dǎpo jiāngjú
break a deadlock; find a way out of a stalemate
打破界线
dǎpo jièxiàn
break down barriers
打破垄断
dǎpo lǒngduàn
smash up a monopoly
打破平衡
dǎpo pínghéng
upset a balance
打破醋坛子
dǎpo cùtánzi
burn with jealousy
打破铁饭碗
dǎpo tiěfànwǎn
break the iron rice bowl
1 flower vase; vase
花瓶
huāpíng
NOUN
1 flower vase; vase
2 woman employed not for her ability but for her beauty
3 woman who only knows how to make herself up and can do no useful work
4 things merely for show
VARIANTS
花瓶儿〔花瓶兒〕 huāpíngr
1 snacks; refreshments
2 cold dishes
小吃
xiǎochī
NOUN
1 snacks; refreshments
2 cold dishes
