LEC1 - Definitions and Type of Violence

Question 1

What is the definition of violence? WHO

Answer 1

The intentional use of physical force or power threatened or actual, against another person, group or community that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury death, (psychological or fysical) harm, maldevelopment or depriviation.

Elements:
1. Intentional
2. Use of physical force or power
3. Threatened or actual
4. Against a person, group or community
5. Resulting in or high likelihood of death, (psychological or a fysical harm) malnutrition or depriviation.

Question 2

What is the definition of crime?

Answer 2

Unlawful acts punishable by a state or other authority.

A harmful act not only to individuals but also to the community, society or state.

Question 3

When is something a crime? The 3 perspectives.

Answer 3

1. Consensus perspective
   Members of society agree what is right or wrong
2. Conflict perspective
   Those who have political and/or economic power make laws to protect their interest
3. Constructivist perspective
   Violence as a socially constructed phenomenon. A product of individual decisions and actions or interpretations.

Question 4

How to classify violence?

Answer 4

1. Based on Motive
2. Based on Relationship V&O
3. Based on Victim Characteristics
4. Based on Offender Characteristics
5. Based on the Criminal Code
6. Based on Injury

Question 5

What are the two dominant perspectives on violence?

Answer 5

Question 6

Why have we become more sensitive for violence? Kiviuori 2014

Answer 6

Feminisation
Increased life expectancy
Affluence
Medical victories
Digitalisation
Decreased amounts of hard violence

Question 7

What is SOCIETY OF SAINTS durkheim?

Answer 7

SOCIETY NEEDS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF CRIME, NOT MORE AND NOT LESS, AND
CULTURAL DEFINITIONS WOULD EXPAND OR CONTRACT ACCORDINGLY

Durkheim argues that even in a “society of saints” there would still be deviance. In other words, as deviance describes any behaviour that goes against the norms, values and expectations of a society, all societies have deviance, even though the sorts of behaviour considered deviant might vary from society to society.

If people never deviated from a society’s norms and values then society would never change; and change can be a very good thing