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MT 6324 > [LEC] UNIT 3.2 Endocrinology > Flashcards

[LEC] UNIT 3.2 Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

Master Gland

A

Pituitary gland

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2
Q

Other name for APG

A

Adenohypophysis

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3
Q

T or F: The intermediate lobe of PG serves no function

A

T

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4
Q

Often obstructs images during MRI or CT
scans

A

Intermediate lobe

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5
Q

Acts as a storage and releases the two
hormones produced by the hypothalamus

A

Posterior Pituitary Gland

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6
Q

APG cells are large, polyhedral, and are supported by the delicate ______

A

reticular fibers

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7
Q

3 cell types found in APG

A

Chromophobe
Acidophilic
Basophilic

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8
Q

T or F: ONLY Acidophilic and Chromophobe are the two cells that are capable of secretion (secretory cells).

A

F

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9
Q

What produces Proopiomelanocortin and Endorphins?

A

ACTH

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10
Q

Precursor of MSH

A

Proopiomelanocortin

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11
Q

Meaning of MSH

A

Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone

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12
Q

GH is structurally related to

A

Prolactin
Human Placental Lactogen

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13
Q

Tropic or Trophic: GH

A

Trophic

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14
Q

Target of GH

A

Long bones

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15
Q

Other name for GH

A

Somatotropin

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16
Q

Inhibitor of GH

A

Somatostatin

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17
Q

Other name for Somatomedin C

A

IGF-1

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18
Q

Stimulants of GH

A

Sleep
Exercise
Fasting

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19
Q

Inhibitors pf GH

A

Somatomedin C
Hyperglycemia

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20
Q

T or F: Serum GH is undetected most of the day for unhealthy individuals

A

F

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21
Q

Meaning of IGF-1

A

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1

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22
Q

Feedback hormone of GH

A

Somatomedin C

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23
Q

T or F: GH antagonizes Insulin

A

T

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24
Q

GH causes an increase in glucose through

A

gluconeogenesis
lipolysis

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25
Q

a-antagonist

A

norepinephrine

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26
Q

B-antagonist

A

epinephrine

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27
Q

T or F: a-antagonist is a GH stimulant

A

T

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28
Q

Women tend to have higher growth hormone than
men because of

A

estrogen sensitization

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29
Q

Thyroid gland which is essential for GH function

A

T4

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30
Q

Condition wherein the thyroid gland is not functioning properly

A

Thyroxine deficiency

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31
Q

T or F: Thyroid function must be normal for GH therapy to be effective

A

T

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32
Q

Hormones that influence secretion and metabolic effects of GH:

A

CESTS

Thyroxine
Cortisol
Estrogen
Somatostatin
Somatotropin releasing factor

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33
Q

FSH stimulates growth of ________ in females

A

ovarian follicles

34
Q

FSH stimulates _________ in males

A

sperm production

35
Q

When FSH is produced, it will trigger the
selection of one egg, producing an ovarian
follicle, then turning it into

A

corpus luteum

36
Q

Sertoli cells secrete

A

Androgen Binding Protein

37
Q

ABP binds to which structure

A

seminiferous tubules

38
Q

Stimulates testosterone production in males

39
Q

LH stimulates ________ in females

A

progesterone secretion

40
Q

Cortisol is released in response to

A

Stress
Low blood glucose levels

41
Q

3 layers of adrenal cortex

A

Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona Reticularis

42
Q

layer where aldosterone is produced

A

zona glomerulosa

43
Q

Zone where cortisol is produced

A

zona fasciculata

44
Q

zone where sex hormones are produced

A

zona reticularis

45
Q

Hormones that require the use of plastic tubes since they adhere to glass

46
Q

regulates the thyroid gland’s production of
hormones, crucial for metabolism and various
physiologic functions

A

Thyroid stimulating hormones

47
Q

promotes the uptake of iodide

48
Q

process that transforms iodide to iodine

49
Q

swelling that occurs due to a lack of iodine in the diet

A

hypothyroidism
goiter

50
Q

It needs priming by estrogen, thyroid hormones, and insulin to become functional

51
Q

T or F: Prolactin is also seen in men, but it does not act on mammary glands because males do not have receptors to produce milk

52
Q

Prolactin suppresses testosterone production,
leading to

A

decreased libido
erectile dysfunction

53
Q

The major circulating form of prolactin is the

A

non-glycosylated monomer

54
Q

excessive production of milk

A

Galactorrhea

55
Q

absence of menstruation, which means
that there are no egg cells produced

A

Amenorrhea

56
Q

feedback hormone of GH

57
Q

inhibitor of GH

A

somatostatin

58
Q

target gland of GH

A

multiple tissues

59
Q

feedback hormone of FSH

60
Q

Feedback hormone of LH

A

Estrogen
Testosterone
Estradiol

61
Q

FSH and LH target

62
Q

ACTH targets these zones of adrenal cortex

A

zona fasciculata
zona reticularis

63
Q

feedback hormone of ACTH

64
Q

feedback hormone of TSH

65
Q

target tissue of prolactin

66
Q

feedback hormone of prolactin

A

unknown or itself

67
Q

hormones released by PPG

where are they secreted?

A

oxytocin
vasopressin

supraoptic nuclei
paraventricular nuclei

68
Q

PPG hormones are released by supraoptic nuclei and paraventricular nuclei of which structure

A

hypothalamus

69
Q

contraction of uterus

A

Ferguson Reflex

70
Q

Stimulates receptors on the pelvic floor and
the uterus

A

Ferguson reflex

71
Q

Oxytocin is for ejection of milk primed with

72
Q

Oxytocin helps with milk _______ while prolactin
stimulates milk ________.

A

letdown
production

73
Q

Plays a role in hemostasis at the _______ site
following delivery/birthing

74
Q

synthetic version of oxytocin; injected into the mother to induce labor when the pregnancy reaches 40 weeks or more

75
Q

Maintains osmotic homeostasis by regulating water balance

A

Arginine Vasopressin or AVP or ADH

76
Q

A potent pressor agent

A

Arginine Vasopressin

77
Q

Principal regulator of ADH secretion:

A

increased pOsm

78
Q

increase in _______ ________ occurs when sodium levels rise

A

plasma osmolality

79
Q

Potent stimuli to ADH release:

A

emetic (dehydration)

80
Q

Inhibitors of ADH release

A

ethanol
cortisol

81
Q

AVP deficiency

A

Neurogenic DI (diabetes insipidus)
/Cranial DI

MT 6324 (7 decks)

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