Lec Endodontic Materials 1 Flashcards
Steps to endo:
diagnose, isolate, irrigate, shape, obturate, temporize
EPT testing:
electrical pulp testing
Can we use hot or cold to test for pulp vitality:
either
List the 3 main diagnostic methods for teeth requiring RCT:
EPT, Thermal, Fracture Detection
Do all fractured teeth require RCT?
ask
Additional material required for EPT:
toothpaste (contact medium)
Scale for EPT:
1-80
TF? The rate on the EPT machine can be altered.
T
Why do we want the pt to hold the EPT handle while pulp testing?
ask
Compound used for pulp testing:
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoethane
Temp of Endo Ice:
-26.2’ C (-79-16’ F)
Heat Testing:
Gutta percha stopping, white stick, firmer than GP points, Use on Glick #1, Lubricate tooth w vaseline
Crack detection:
- Tooth sleuth (can detect ind cusps), 2. Transilumination
Instrument for transilumination crack detection:
Fiberoptic Wand, high speed light
How to detect fractures:
Perio probe, RG
Drawback to RG fracture detection:
rarely definitive, vertical fracture rarely seen
What can be determined w RG in fracture detection?
pattern of bone loss (ask?)
Latex Rubber dams:
medium gauge, light color, visualize film
Non-latex dental dams:
allergies, color varies
What do we use in conjunction w rubber dams in clinic?
rubber dam napkins (Ora-shield)
Type of clamp that hold rubber dams down:
winged clamps
Winged clamps to use for anteriors:
1, #6, #9
Winged clamps to use for premolars:
0, #00
Winged clamps to use for molars:
3, #4, #56
Materials to prevent leakage around the rubber dam (RD):
Oraseal Putty (self curing caulking agent), Kool dam (light cured rubbery-resin)
Placing the clamp on other teeth allows for:
distribution of tension of RD, stability
Brand name of RD stabilizing cord:
Wedjets
plastic RD frames, RGO or RGL:
RGL
Should the plastic RD frame be removed for RGs?
no
How to take RG’s with plastic frame in place:
w hemostat (does the pt hold the hemostat in place? ask?)
Irrigation materials:
syringe, needle, suction, solutions, lubricants, activators
Needles used for irrigation:
small (25 gauge), no bevel, side vented, disposable, irrigant delivered laterally, reducing the risk of apical extrusion
Syringes used for irrigation:
disposable, 5ml, Luer-lok
ideal props of irrigant solution:
tissue/debris solvent, non-toxic, low surface tension, lubricant, antibacterial, removes smear layer
Sodium hypochlorite:
antimicrobial, lubricant, tissue dissolving, inexpensive, use 1/2 strength
Sodium hypochlorite will dissolve tissue at the temp and duration:
50’ C, 20m
EDTA:
Ethylenediamine Tetra Acetic Acid: chelates-self-limiting, removes smear layer, no action in organic tissue, allows better adaptation of obturating material to canal walls
Chlorhexidine gluconate:
antimicrobial, substantive, non-toxic, no tissue destruction, discoloration
Function of lubricants:
red torsional forces on instruments, dec fracture
2 types of lubricants:
RC Prep, ProLube
RC Prep is made of:
EDTA, Urea Peroxide, water soluble base
ProLube is made of
EDTA, Carbamide Peroxide, Gel, Single-dose
instrument to instrument canals
EndoActivator
Explorer used for access:
17
Use #17 explorer for this:
evaluate straight line access, locate the canal orifice
Is there an easy way to differentiate bw enso access instruments and obturation instruments? They all look the same to me now
Ask
Use the endospoon to:
remove the pulp
TF? The Glick #2 CAN NOT be heated.
F. Can heat
What to use the Glick #2 for:
Remove GP at canal orifice
Ingle’s RG method 1957:
RG estimation of the WL 0.5mm short of the RG apex
Method to determine the apical limit in cleaning and shaping of canal:
ingle’s RG method
Instrumentation and obturation should end here:
apical constriction
Location of apical constriction:
0.5mm short of apical foramen (on avg)
Range of distance of AC from AF:
0.2-1.25
TF? The apical foramen usually coincides with the anatomical foramen.
F
you can not see the apical foramen in these instances:
exits in a B or L direction
Brands of apex locators:
Root ZX, Root ZX II, Mini Root
First terminal: the lip clip should contact:
the oral tissue, contrary electrode
Second terminal:
tip of the file, when connected
EAL provides:
alternating currents (AC current) w different frequencies
This acts as an electric barrier:
dentin
Impedance:
dentin (electric barrier)
Fxn of the internal clip:
process the info and it can detect:
Green arrows on the apex locator indicate:
the apical constrition
APEX or pink line indicated:
Apical foramen
Why take RG w file in position after using EAL:
See root canal path, reference image of apical limit for future endo, permanent record, correct WL of file is more or less than 2mm from apex
Limitations of EAL’s:
Immature apex, pts w implanted pacemakers, amalgam (electrical short cut, shunt current), bleeding/ pus - too much electrolyte in canal might interfere in EAL reading.
Shaping instruments:
slow speed, Manual SS, Rotary NiTi
Cutting portion of the GG’s:
Side blades, tip is inactive
GG #2, #3, #4, sizes:
70. #90, #110
Main fxn of the GG:
Get rid of ….. triangle
