Lec chap 14-16 Flashcards
The study of the structural and functional manifestations of disease
Pathology
A physician who has specialized in pathology
Pathologist
The ability to cause disease
Pathogenicity
It refers to the steps or mechanisms involved in the development of a disease
Pathogenesis
Is a disease caused by a microbe
Infectious disease
Microbes that cause infectious disease are collectively referred to as
Pathogens
Is commonly used as a synonym for infectious disease
Infection
A period where time that elapses between arrival of the pathogen and the onset of symptoms
Incubation period
A period where patient feels out of sorts or actual symptoms not yet experience
Prodromal period
A period where patient experiences the typical symptoms communicable diseases most easily transmitted
Period of illness
A period where patient recovers
Convalescent period
A type of infection where an infectious process is initiated the disease may remain localized or it may spread
Localized infection
A type of infection where the infection spreads throughout the body it is said have become a systemic or generalized infection
Systemic infection
A disease that has rapid onset and is usually followed by a relatively rapid recovery
Acute disease
A disease that has low onset and last a long time
Chronic disease
A disease that comes out more suddenly than a chronic disease but less suddenly than an acute disease
Subacute disease
Are infectious disease that go from being symptomatic to asymptomatic and then later go back to being symptomatic
Latent infection
Is defined as some evidence of disease that is experienced by the patient something that is subjective
Symptom of a disease
The major mechanisms by which pathogens cause disease are the
Exoenzyme or toxins
Exoenzymes that cause destruction of cells and tissues
Necrotizing enzymes
Aviro lens factor that causes clotting
Coagulase
Enzymes that dissolve clots
Kineses
It enables pathogens to spread through connective tissue by breaking down hyaluronic acid the polysaccharide cement that holds tissues cell together
Hyaluronidase
Breaks down collagen that enables the pathogens to invade tissues
Collagenase
Enzymes that cause damage to the host red blood cells
Hemolysins
Causes destruction of the whole cell membranes
Lecithinase
Are attributes that enable pathogen to attach, escape destruction and cause disease
Virulence factors
Are molecules on the surface of a whole cell that a particular pathogen is able to recognize and attached
Receptors (integrin)
Are special molecules on the surface of pathogens they enable pathogens to recognize and bind to particular host cell receptors
Adhesins (ligands)
