Lec 9/8-10 Ecology2

Question 1

Population ecology

Answer 1

group of individuals

Question 2

community ecology

Answer 2

all organism in a particular area

Question 3

ecosystem ecology

Answer 3

all organisms and abiotic factors

Question 4

what is the difference between a population and a community?

Answer 4

populations is a certain specie but community is diff species that live within a specific region under similar environmental conditions.

Question 5

what are the 3 factors for a fire?

Answer 5

season, vegetation and climate

Question 6

what happens after a fire?

Answer 6

vegetation is burned; dead inorganic molecules in in the soil (ashes, nutrients)

Question 7

fact

Answer 7

a disturbance event can start an ecological succession

Question 8

fact

Answer 8

soil with ashes is more fertile

Question 9

fact

Answer 9

wild flowers remain doormat and only germinate after a fire; nutrients+sunlight. activate by ashes

Question 10

ecological succession

Answer 10

sequential replacement of species by immigration of new species and local extinction of older ones.

Question 11

fact

Answer 11

every species has a set of environmental conditions for ideal growth

Question 12

what are the two types of ecological successions

Answer 12

primary succession and secondary succession

Question 13

primary succession

Answer 13

Rocks, lichens, no soil ex earthquake, volcano, glaciers exposing rocks

Question 14

secondary succession

Answer 14

has soil, their is already plants ex fires, deforestation.

Question 15

lichens

Answer 15

2 organism algae&fungi, mutual relationship

Question 16

fact

Answer 16

rainforest do not have ecological successions

Question 17

why do we have fires?

Answer 17

right ingredients, ecosystem depends on fires, and community is adapted and depends on fire

Question 18

right ingredients

Answer 18

climate, amount of fuel (dry vegetation), source of ignition (lighting)

Question 19

ecosystems depend on fires

Answer 19

not enough moisture for bacteria&fungi to recycle nutrients, fire (catalyst, decomposer)

Question 20

community is adapted and depends on fire

Answer 20

need fire to stimulate germination

Question 21

grasses and some shrubs

Answer 21

seeds are in the soil and need fire to stimulate germination

Question 22

shrubs and some trees

Answer 22

resprout from underground storage organs

Question 23

conifer trees

Answer 23

store their seeds in their cones, seeds are released after the fire opens them

Question 24

fact

Answer 24

beetles can detect fire, heat senors and will go to the soil for nutrients for their larva

Question 25

human impact on this ecological succession

Answer 25

fire suppression and climate change

Question 26

fact

Answer 26

wildfires are increasing and wildfires season is getting longer in the western U.S

Question 27

fact

Answer 27

2000-2012: 250 avg # of large wildfires per year

Question 28

fact

Answer 28

7 months avg length of wildfire season

Question 29

fact

Answer 29

avg annual temps in the W U.S have increased 1.9 F since 1970

Question 30

fact

Answer 30

forests are drier and longer, primed for wildfires to ignite and spread

Question 31

fact

Answer 31

snow melts sooner, up to 4wks earlier than previous decades

Question 32

fact

Answer 32

each species has a niche in the community