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BIO 101 > 10/20 Plant Anatomy > Flashcards

10/20 Plant Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

plants organized in what?

A

hierarchy

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2
Q

root is the same as what in a human?

A

heart

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3
Q

tissue is the same as what in a human?

A

muscle tissue

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4
Q

organs

A

composed of several types of tissues that carry out a particular function.

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5
Q

tissue

A

composed of a group of cells with a common function and structure

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6
Q

what are the three basic plant organs?

A

roots, stems and leaves

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7
Q

shoot system needs….

A

water and minerals

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8
Q

root system needs….

A

photosynthetic products from shoot sys

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9
Q

monocots

A

have one cotyledon

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10
Q

dicots

A

have two cotyledon

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11
Q

what are the 3 types of tissues?

A

dermal, vascular and ground

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12
Q

dermal tissue fx?

A

protects against dehydration, insects, animals, and pathogens

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13
Q

epidermis

A

one single layer

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14
Q

waxy coating on leaves and stems

A

cuticle

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15
Q

fx of cuticle

A

prevent dehydration and pathogens

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16
Q

stomata

A

tiny openings on leafs that allows plants to breathe

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17
Q

vascular tissue transport materials between what?

A

leafs and roots (photosynthetic products)

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18
Q

xylem

A

transports water and dissolves minerals

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19
Q

phloem

A

transport organic nutrients (sugars)

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20
Q

cell wall

A

made up of cellulose

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21
Q

chloroplast

A

photosynthesis

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22
Q

central vacuole

A

filled up with water (firmness) makes up cell rigid

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23
Q

root

A

have vascular tissue in the center (pith)

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24
Q

Stem

A

have vascular tissue in the edges “ring” (cortex)

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25
Q

plant cells have 3 unique parts

A

chloroplast, the sites of photosynthesis, central vacuole

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26
Q

Parenchyma

A

alive(Y), 1cellwall(Y), 2cellwall(N), fx photosynthesis, storage, metabolic process

27
Q

Collenchyma

A

alive(Y), 1CW(Y), 2CW(N), fx flexible support, elongate, “string of celery”

28
Q

Sclerenchyma

A

alive(N), 1CW(Y), 2CW(Y), fx support

29
Q

secondary cell wall location

A

inside

30
Q

primary cell wall

A

outside

31
Q

xylem (water conducting cells)

A

alive(N), 1CW(Y), 2CW(Y), fx support and water transport (diff, xylem wider and tracheids thinner opening)

32
Q

tracheids (water conducting cells)

A

alive(N), 1CW(Y), 2CW(Y), fx support water tansport (similarities openings for water transport)

33
Q

sieve tube members (sugar conducting cell)

A

alive(Y), 1CW(Y), 2CW(N), fx transport sugar

34
Q

companion cell (sugar conducting cell)

A

alive(Y), 1CW(Y), 2CW(N), fx transport and production of proteins

35
Q

taproot

A

carrot, radishes, potato

36
Q

does not have a endodermis

A

stem

37
Q

potato eye

A

axillary buds

38
Q

cactus spine and not leafs

A

too much sun, too much surface area, less water loss

39
Q

roots fx

A

anchors plant in the soil, absorb&transport minerals and water, stores food

40
Q

monocot roots

A

thin roots spread out shallowly in the soil

41
Q

dicot root

A

have one main vertical taproot with many small secondary lateral roots growing outward

42
Q

root hair

A

is an extension of an epidermal cell

43
Q

ex of prop roots

A

corn

44
Q

ex aerial roots

A

orchids

45
Q

ex of climbing roots

A

ivy

46
Q

ex of aquatic roots

A

water hyacinth

47
Q

ex sucker root

A

mistletoe

48
Q

ex food storage root

A

carrot

49
Q

why would farmers harvest carrots, beets or sweet potatoes befor plant’s flower (veggie)

A

make the flower sweeter

50
Q

stem fx

A

support the leaves and flowers

51
Q

green stem fx

A

perform photosynthesis

52
Q

what are buds?

A

undeveloped shoots

53
Q

stolons or runners

A

grow horizontal along the ground surface, reproduce asexually

54
Q

rhizomes fx

A

store food and have buds, they spread and form new plants

55
Q

peeling onion is removing what?

A

leaves attached to a short stem

56
Q

leaves

A

photosynthesis, composed of lamina (blade) and petiole (stalk)

57
Q

types of leaves

A

simple leaf, and compound leaf

58
Q

simple leaf

A

one blade per leaf, has bud by stem

59
Q

compound leaf

A

many distinct blade per leaf, no bud but has bud wher the rachins meet the stem (branch)

60
Q

epidermis covered by waxy coat?

A

cuticle and prevents water loss but also prevents gas exchange

61
Q

trichomes

A

leaves covered with hairs, fx catch water, reduce airflow and produce wax

62
Q

palisade mesophyll

A

tightly packed cells on the upper surface

63
Q

spongy mesophyll

A

loosely arranged cells

BIO 101 (9 decks)

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