LEC 9/22-24 Protista Flashcards
Fact
scientific names are standard and recognized internationally
Fact
scientific name has a two-word latin name
What are the 2 parts of a scientific word?
1st is the Genus to which the organism belongs, 2nd work represents the Species
classification system (purpose)
brings logic and order to the study of living things
characteristics used for classification are:
characteristics that reflect the relationship between the species and shared derived characters
Mnemonic for King Philip..
Did King Philip Come Over For Great Sex?
Answer for Mnemonic
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Classification for humans
D: Eukarya, K: Animalia, P: Chordata, C: Mammalia, O: Primates, F: Hominidae, G: Homo, S: H. sapiens
key events in life’s history
3.5 billion yrs ago oldest fossilized bacteria
key events in life’s history
2.1 billion yrs ago eukaryotes appeared
Prokaryotes
smaller, simpler, most do not have membrane-enclosed organelles, bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotes
Larger, more complex, membrane-enclosed organelles, protists, plants, fungi, animals
Key event in life’s history
1.5 billion yrs ago multicellular eukaryotes multicellularity evolved several types giving rise to plants, fungi and animals
key event in life’s history
500 million yrs ago, “ cambrian explosion” diversification of animal forms, plants and animals move on to land.
key event in life’s history
humans appeared in less than 0.2 second ago
Theory of endosymbiosis
explains the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic ancestors
fact
first multicellular organisms were colonies
Tor F
did the cambrian explosion give rise to most of the animal Phyla
classification is a work in progress
classification is constantly changing as we lerarn more abt orgainsms through new technology
Carl Linnaeus 1758
only two kingdom classification: Plantae and animalia
5 kingdom
Plantae, Fungi, Animalia, Protista, Monera
what was the problem of the 5 kingdom
Monaera had two groups that are unrelated
who are eukaryotes more closely related to?
Archea
What makes a Eukaryote?
unique cytoskeleton, flagella, endomembrane system, mitochondria, unique ribosomes
kingdom Plantae
autotrophs
Kingdom Animalia
Heterotrophs by ingestion
kingdom plantae
heterotrophs by ingestion, eat for engery
kingdom fungi
heterotrophs by absorption
Protista
is a paraphyletic clade
Protist diversity
result from endosymbiosis of unicellular algae
how did the endosymbiosis that resulted in chloropasts differ from the endosymbiosis that led to protist diversity
Red and green alga, phagocytes a eukaryote
algae are distinguished by
photosynthetic pigments, cell wall components, energy storage.
archaeplastids
include red algae, green algae and land plants
autotrophic include
unicellular, unicellular colonial or multicellular species
phylum rhodophyta
red algae
phylum chlorophyta
green algae
phylum charophyta
green algae
archaeplastids
phylum chorophyta
phylum chlorophyta
green color (chlorophyll), unicellular, colonial and Multi, cell wall (cellulose) store glucose as starch
archaeplastids
phylum rhodophyta (red algae)
phylum rhodophyta
red color (phycoerythrin) mask chlorophyll absorb blue&green light (deeper waters)
cell wall (phylum rhodphyta)
carrageenan (food industry, emulsifier) and agar (bacteria cultures)
Nori
sheets of porphyra
Stramenopiles
have hairy and smooth flagella
Latin “stramen” and “pilos”
straw and hair
Phylum Bacillariophyta
Diatoms (Stramenopiles)
Diatoms
brown in color, store food as lipids, cell wall (silica) most important organism on earth
Responsible for 70% of o2 production
diatoms
Phylum Oomycota
water mold (Stramenopiles)
Phylum Oomycota
unicellular, decomposes dead plants&animals (freshwater), parasitic on fish skin, and caused famine in ireland 1800
Alveolates
have sacs beneath the cell membrane
Phylum dinozoa
Dinoflagellates w/ flagella
Red tides
blooms of autotrophic dinoflagellates some of these can produce toxins
some form mutualistic relationships w/ corals
Dinoflagellates (phylum dinozoa)
