LEC - 8 - MIDTERMS

Question 1

1. For which of the following patients would giving antitussives not contraindicated.

Answer 1

D. 38-year old female with diabetes.

Question 2

2. A clinical instructor is explaining to her students that antihistamines should be used very cautiously in patients with a/an

Answer 2

A. History of arrhythmias

Question 3

3. A patient is not getting a response to the antihistamine that was prescribed for allergic rhinitis. Appropriate action might include

Answer 3

D. Switching to a corticosteroids

Question 4

4. Asthma is a common cause for visits in the emergency department. An ER nurse during the AM shift has noticed that recent admission is highest in children. The main action of sympathomimetic bronchodilators is to

Answer 4

B. relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi.

Question 5

5. Monitoring the correct dosage of xanthine product is best accomplished by

Answer 5

D. obtaining the theophylline blood level.

Question 6

6. Which of the following should be avoided during a test on theophylline levels?

Answer 6

B. Chocolates

Question 7

7. A patient has wheezing and is complaining of shortness of breath. The nurse would expect the physician to order which medication that will be effective in relieving bronchospasms?

Answer 7

A. Albuterol

Question 8

8. A nursing student has a correct understanding of the therapeutic level of theophylline if she chooses

Answer 8

B. 10-20 ug/ml

Question 9

9. A patient is complaining of itching, tearing, and swollen eyelids due to a conjunctival inflammation. Which of the following would be an appropriate drug for this?

Answer 9

A. Cromolyn drops

Question 10

10. After receiving Montelukast for asthma, the male client asks the nurse, “How long will it take for this drug to work?” How should the nurse respond?

Answer 10

A. In 30 minutes

Question 11

11. A patient has had asthma for years and takes several different medications for management. The treatment regimen has been changed to include corticosteroids. Which of the following statement shows a correct understanding by the nurse about corticosteroids?

Answer 11

Corticosteroids are NOT for acute asthma attacks.

Question 12

12. You know that systemic corticosteroids are used primarily for the purpose of

Answer 12

D. decreasing the inflammatory activity in the bronchioles.

Question 13

13. A 74-year old client has a history of hypertension, mild renal failure, and angina. The client is on a low-sodium, low-protein diet. The most recent BP is 150/90. The following are the organs damage when there is a persistent increase in the blood pressure.

Answer 13

D. Kidneys, heart, and brain

Question 14

14. A nursing student show a correct understanding of the difference between cardiac cells from skeletal muscle cells if they verbalize that

Answer 14

B. it possess automaticity and conductivity

Question 15

15. Pressure within the vascular system is determined by the following except

Answer 15

C. sodium load

Question 16

16. You know that treatment of the hypertensive client should begin

Answer 16

A. as soon as the hypertension is detected.

Question 17

17. The client is on two antihypertensive drugs. The nurse recognizes that the advantage of combination therapy is

Answer 17

C. there will be fewer side effects and greater client compliance.

Question 18

18. You understand that the renin-angiotensin system is not associated with

Answer 18

B. production of surfactant in the lungs.

Question 19

19. Your clinical instructor is explaining to you that ACE inhibitors are used for hypertension control because they will

Answer 19

C. inhibit the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

Question 20

20. Which of the following may be attributed as a side effect to captopril (Capoten)?

Answer 20

C. Productive cough

Question 21

21. A nursing student shows correct understanding of slow channel calcium entry blocking agents if he chooses which of the following statements?

Answer 21

D. It inhibits the passage of extracellular calcium ions through cardiac cell membrane, producing decreased peripheral vascular resistance.

Question 22

22. The nurse is giving client education on the use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs). Which of the following is not a priority for the nurse when teaching clients about (CCBs)?

Answer 22

B. If taking a drug that causes photosentivity, wear protective clothing when outdoors in sunlight.

Question 23

23. These drugs block vasoconstrictor and aldosterone secreting angiotensin II.

Answer 23

D. Angiotensin receptor blockers

Question 24

24. Which of the following nursing intervention is appropriate in female clients taking angiotensin receptor blockers?

Answer 24

A. To inform OB-GYN doctor if taking the drug.

Question 25

25. The beta blockers aside from being used as an antihypertensive are also used in which of the following conditions?

Answer 25

C. dysrhythmias

Question 26

26. The nurse acknowledges that beta blockers are as effective as antianginals because they do what?

Answer 26

D. Decrease heart rate and decrease myocardial contractility.

Question 27

27. The physician prescribes propanolol HCL (Inderal) to a hypertensive client. What information will the nurse give to the patient about the drug?

Answer 27

C. Do not abruptly stop the intake of drug

Question 28

28. A nurse is interviewing a client who is about to receive metoprolol. Upon the history taking, the client is also taking insulin. Which of the following statements made by the nurse will correctly explain the possible interaction of these medications?

Answer 28

B. “This medication may cause low blood sugar level.”

Question 29

29. A 45-year old female with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with worsening migraine headaches. Which of the following medications is appropriate to treat her hypertension and headaches simultaneously?

Answer 29

B. Methyldopa

Question 30

30. A client is given a diuretic as an adjunct to treatment of hypertension. The nurse is teaching the client about this type of treatment regimen. She explains that diuretics are used in hypertension to

Answer 30

A. promote fluid loss from the body

Question 31

31. You are aware that furosemide therapy is frequently associated with adverse reactions such as

Answer 31

C. hypokalemia, paresthesia, and leg cramps.

Question 32

32. The client is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone). Which of the following diet is recommended for the client?

Answer 32

A. High-potassium diet

Question 33

33. A male client is admitted after a car accident. Assessment findings after 12 hours showed signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. The nurse anticipates administering which drug?

Answer 33

B. mannitol (Osmitrol)

Question 34

34. A systemic drug that may be prescribed to produce diuresis and inhibit formation of aqueous humor

Answer 34

B. acetazolamide (Diamox)

Question 35

35. Which of the following clinical manifestations may indicate that a client taking potassium wasting diuretic is experiencing hypokalemia?

Answer 35

D. Paresthesias

Question 36

36. A common effect of taking diuretics is hypokalemia. Which drug will not cause this?

Answer 36

A. spironolactone

Question 37

37. Mr. Tan has been taking furosemide 180 mg daily in divided dosages there times a day. What does he take for each dose?

Answer 37

C. 60 mg per dose

Question 38

38. The drug of choice to start for patients who need to add drug therapy to reduce their blood pressure.

Answer 38

D. hydrochlorothiazide

Question 39

39. A client is newly diagnosed with mild heart failure. The client has been started on digoxin (Lanoxin). The positive inotropic action of digoxin refers to the ability to increase the

Answer 39

C. force of contractions

Question 40

40. A patient is asking the nurse about the action of digoxin. The nurse is correct in her understanding of cardiotonic drugs in treating chronic heart failure if she explains that it helps in

Answer 40

A. slowing heart rate.

Question 41

41. What question should the nurse ask to know if the client is experiencing digitalis toxicity?

Answer 41

C. “Do you see halos or rainbows around lights?”

Question 42

42. A nurse is about to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient whose apical pulse is 48 beats/min. She should

Answer 42

D. retake the pulse in 1 hour and withhold the drug if the pulse is still less than 60 beats/min

Question 43

43. An infant is ordered a scheduled dose of digoxin. The infant’s apical pulse is 78 bpm. The nurse should

Answer 43

B. hold the dose and notify the physician.

Question 44

44. A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking digoxin (Lanoxin). All of which are the side. effects associated with the medication except

Answer 44

C. drowsiness

Question 45

45. Mr. Reyes is receiving a digitalis preparation. You are assessing his condition to determine whether the drug therapy is working. You observe that his edema has decreased, his urinary output has increased, his weight has dropped, his pulmonary congestion has decreased, and his pulse rate is 80 beats/minute. You can infer that

Answer 45

D. digitalis therapy has been helpful.

Question 46

46. A nurse is administering vasodilators to a client admitted in the Medical Ward. Vasodilators promote blood flow to the extremities by

Answer 46

B. relaxing the smooth muscles of the blood vessels.

Question 47

47. This type of vasodilator enhances the microcirculation of the hair follicles and is given to clients with alopecia.

Answer 47

A. Minoxidil

Question 48

48. What condition would alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers be used for that will also affect the blood pressure?

Answer 48

B. Pheocromocytoma

Question 49

49. Which of the following is the drug of choice in treating hypertension during pregnancy?

Answer 49

C. methyldopa

Question 50

50. A client with newly diagnosed heart failure after myocardial infarction comes to the out patient department to ask about his new medications. Which of the following statements made by the patient concerns the nurse?

Answer 50

D. “I do not like to take my digoxin because it make me nauseous.”