LEC - 8 - MIDTERMS Flashcards
- For which of the following patients would giving antitussives not contraindicated.
D. 38-year old female with diabetes.
- A clinical instructor is explaining to her students that antihistamines should be used very cautiously in patients with a/an
A. History of arrhythmias
- A patient is not getting a response to the antihistamine that was prescribed for allergic rhinitis. Appropriate action might include
D. Switching to a corticosteroids
- Asthma is a common cause for visits in the emergency department. An ER nurse during the AM shift has noticed that recent admission is highest in children. The main action of sympathomimetic bronchodilators is to
B. relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi.
- Monitoring the correct dosage of xanthine product is best accomplished by
D. obtaining the theophylline blood level.
- Which of the following should be avoided during a test on theophylline levels?
B. Chocolates
- A patient has wheezing and is complaining of shortness of breath. The nurse would expect the physician to order which medication that will be effective in relieving bronchospasms?
A. Albuterol
- A nursing student has a correct understanding of the therapeutic level of theophylline if she chooses
B. 10-20 ug/ml
- A patient is complaining of itching, tearing, and swollen eyelids due to a conjunctival inflammation. Which of the following would be an appropriate drug for this?
A. Cromolyn drops
- After receiving Montelukast for asthma, the male client asks the nurse, “How long will it take for this drug to work?” How should the nurse respond?
A. In 30 minutes
- A patient has had asthma for years and takes several different medications for management. The treatment regimen has been changed to include corticosteroids. Which of the following statement shows a correct understanding by the nurse about corticosteroids?
Corticosteroids are NOT for acute asthma attacks.
- You know that systemic corticosteroids are used primarily for the purpose of
D. decreasing the inflammatory activity in the bronchioles.
- A 74-year old client has a history of hypertension, mild renal failure, and angina. The client is on a low-sodium, low-protein diet. The most recent BP is 150/90. The following are the organs damage when there is a persistent increase in the blood pressure.
D. Kidneys, heart, and brain
- A nursing student show a correct understanding of the difference between cardiac cells from skeletal muscle cells if they verbalize that
B. it possess automaticity and conductivity
- Pressure within the vascular system is determined by the following except
C. sodium load
- You know that treatment of the hypertensive client should begin
A. as soon as the hypertension is detected.
- The client is on two antihypertensive drugs. The nurse recognizes that the advantage of combination therapy is
C. there will be fewer side effects and greater client compliance.
- You understand that the renin-angiotensin system is not associated with
B. production of surfactant in the lungs.
- Your clinical instructor is explaining to you that ACE inhibitors are used for hypertension control because they will
C. inhibit the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
- Which of the following may be attributed as a side effect to captopril (Capoten)?
C. Productive cough
- A nursing student shows correct understanding of slow channel calcium entry blocking agents if he chooses which of the following statements?
D. It inhibits the passage of extracellular calcium ions through cardiac cell membrane, producing decreased peripheral vascular resistance.
- The nurse is giving client education on the use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs). Which of the following is not a priority for the nurse when teaching clients about (CCBs)?
B. If taking a drug that causes photosentivity, wear protective clothing when outdoors in sunlight.
- These drugs block vasoconstrictor and aldosterone secreting angiotensin II.
D. Angiotensin receptor blockers
- Which of the following nursing intervention is appropriate in female clients taking angiotensin receptor blockers?
A. To inform OB-GYN doctor if taking the drug.
- The beta blockers aside from being used as an antihypertensive are also used in which of the following conditions?
C. dysrhythmias
- The nurse acknowledges that beta blockers are as effective as antianginals because they do what?
D. Decrease heart rate and decrease myocardial contractility.
- The physician prescribes propanolol HCL (Inderal) to a hypertensive client. What information will the nurse give to the patient about the drug?
C. Do not abruptly stop the intake of drug
- A nurse is interviewing a client who is about to receive metoprolol. Upon the history taking, the client is also taking insulin. Which of the following statements made by the nurse will correctly explain the possible interaction of these medications?
B. “This medication may cause low blood sugar level.”
- A 45-year old female with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with worsening migraine headaches. Which of the following medications is appropriate to treat her hypertension and headaches simultaneously?
B. Methyldopa
- A client is given a diuretic as an adjunct to treatment of hypertension. The nurse is teaching the client about this type of treatment regimen. She explains that diuretics are used in hypertension to
A. promote fluid loss from the body
- You are aware that furosemide therapy is frequently associated with adverse reactions such as
C. hypokalemia, paresthesia, and leg cramps.
- The client is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone). Which of the following diet is recommended for the client?
A. High-potassium diet
- A male client is admitted after a car accident. Assessment findings after 12 hours showed signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. The nurse anticipates administering which drug?
B. mannitol (Osmitrol)
- A systemic drug that may be prescribed to produce diuresis and inhibit formation of aqueous humor
B. acetazolamide (Diamox)
- Which of the following clinical manifestations may indicate that a client taking potassium wasting diuretic is experiencing hypokalemia?
D. Paresthesias
- A common effect of taking diuretics is hypokalemia. Which drug will not cause this?
A. spironolactone
- Mr. Tan has been taking furosemide 180 mg daily in divided dosages there times a day. What does he take for each dose?
C. 60 mg per dose
- The drug of choice to start for patients who need to add drug therapy to reduce their blood pressure.
D. hydrochlorothiazide
- A client is newly diagnosed with mild heart failure. The client has been started on digoxin (Lanoxin). The positive inotropic action of digoxin refers to the ability to increase the
C. force of contractions
- A patient is asking the nurse about the action of digoxin. The nurse is correct in her understanding of cardiotonic drugs in treating chronic heart failure if she explains that it helps in
A. slowing heart rate.
- What question should the nurse ask to know if the client is experiencing digitalis toxicity?
C. “Do you see halos or rainbows around lights?”
- A nurse is about to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient whose apical pulse is 48 beats/min. She should
D. retake the pulse in 1 hour and withhold the drug if the pulse is still less than 60 beats/min
- An infant is ordered a scheduled dose of digoxin. The infant’s apical pulse is 78 bpm. The nurse should
B. hold the dose and notify the physician.
- A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking digoxin (Lanoxin). All of which are the side. effects associated with the medication except
C. drowsiness
- Mr. Reyes is receiving a digitalis preparation. You are assessing his condition to determine whether the drug therapy is working. You observe that his edema has decreased, his urinary output has increased, his weight has dropped, his pulmonary congestion has decreased, and his pulse rate is 80 beats/minute. You can infer that
D. digitalis therapy has been helpful.
- A nurse is administering vasodilators to a client admitted in the Medical Ward. Vasodilators promote blood flow to the extremities by
B. relaxing the smooth muscles of the blood vessels.
- This type of vasodilator enhances the microcirculation of the hair follicles and is given to clients with alopecia.
A. Minoxidil
- What condition would alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers be used for that will also affect the blood pressure?
B. Pheocromocytoma
- Which of the following is the drug of choice in treating hypertension during pregnancy?
C. methyldopa
- A client with newly diagnosed heart failure after myocardial infarction comes to the out patient department to ask about his new medications. Which of the following statements made by the patient concerns the nurse?
D. “I do not like to take my digoxin because it make me nauseous.”
