LAB - 5 - Medi... - Sheet1 Flashcards
A disk of compressed drug in various forms.
Tablet
Evenly divided in halves or quarters by score lines for equal drug distribution when broken.
Scored Tablets
Coated to resist disintegration by gastric juices, dissolves in the intestinal region to avoid stomach upset. Cannot be crushed or chewed.
Enteric-Coated Tablet
A gelatin-type container holding the drug.
Capsules
Advantages of Capsules:
Easier to swallow than non-coated tablets, can be opened and mixed with soft foods or beverages if not contraindicated by the manufacturer.
Delivers the drug over an extended period, decreasing the frequency of administration. Must be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed to avoid overdose.
Timed-Release (Sustained-Release) Capsule:
A tablet with palatable flavoring, designed for local effects on the throat or mouth.
Lozenge (Troche)
Instructions for lozenges:
Do not swallow; dissolve slowly in the mouth. Avoid drinking for 15 minutes after use to prevent washing the medicine down the throat.
A drug suspended in a substance like cocoa butter that melts at body temperature, used rectally or vaginally.
Suppository
A drug suspended in a solution introduced into the rectum and colon via the anus.
Enema
A sugar-based liquid medication.
Syrup
A water-based liquid medication where the drug is suspended in a sterile vehicle. Must be shaken before use.
Suspension
An oil-based liquid medication.
Emulsion
An alcohol-based liquid medication.
Elixir
A drug dissolved in a sterile vehicle.
Solution
A sterile water base.
Aqueous (Water-Based) Solution:
Viscous solutions with prolonged absorption time.
Oil-Based Solution:
Dry particles of drugs that must be mixed with sterile water or saline to make a solution, also known as reconstitution.
Powder
A medication for topical use with an oil base, essentially a preparation of water in oil.
Ointment
A topical medication with a water base.
Cream
A preparation for external use, rubbed on the skin as a counterirritant.
Liniment
Drugs rapidly absorbed into the respiratory system.
Inhalable Drug Forms
Types of Inhalable Drug Forms
Spray or Mist
Nebulizers
Metered Dose Inhalers
Dry Powdered Inhalers
Delivered through nebulizers or inhalers.
Spray or Mist:
Liquid medication placed in a chamber for breathing treatments.
Nebulizers:
Commonly used for asthma.
Metered Dose Inhalers:
Dry powdered medicine inhaled forcefully, sometimes delivered in capsule form.
Dry Powdered Inhalers:
This varies from short (3/8 inch), medium (1-1 ½ inch), to long (5 inches).
Needle Length:
A number representing the diameter of the needle lumen (opening). The higher the gauge number, the smaller the lumen. Ranges from 16 (largest) to 27 (smallest).
Gauge:
Short needle length
(3/8 inch)
Medium needle length
(1-1 ½ inch)
Long needle length
(5 inches)
Largest needle gauge
16
Smallest needle gauge
27
This syringe has the capacity of 2-3 ml.
Standard Hypodermic Syringe:
This syringe has a very narrow with a 1 ml capacity.
Tuberculin (TB) Syringe:
A syringe specifically for insulin, with a 1 ml capacity equal to 100 units of U-100 insulin.
Insulin Syringe:
Glass containers sealed at the top by a rubber stopper to maintain sterility.
Vials
Contains large quantities of solution and can be accessed repeatedly through the rubber stopper.
Multiple Dose Vial:
Contains small quantities of solution for single use.
Unit-Dose Vial:
These are small sealed vial which is used to contain and preserve a sample, usually a solid or liquid. They are usually made of glass.
Ampule
