Lec 3 - Lipoproteins Flashcards
lipoprotein particle has a blank outer and blank inner
hydrophilic, hydrophobic
lipoproteins also have one or more blank but the exact type can vary among particles
apoproteins
the part of cholesterol that is hydrophilic and can be on the outside of lipoprotein particle
OH group
these are made in the intestine from fats absorbed in the diet
chylomicrons
chylomicrons contain mainly blank with some blank
triglycerides, cholesterol
chylomicrons are broken down by blank to yield fatty acids that are taken up by the liver
lipoprotein lipase
these are made in the liver from fats from both diet and synthesized by liver
vldl
vldl contain mostly blank with some blank
triglycerides, cholesterol
vldl are broken down by lpl to yield these
free fatty acids AND intermediate density lipoproteins
these are derived from intermediate density lipoproteins
LDL
LDL have mostly blank with some blank
cholesterol, triglycerides
LDL can be taken up by the liver or by other tissues while things like chylomicrons and VLDL can enter blank
bloodstream
most common source of cholesterol to the body
LDL
LDL receptors bind to the blank protein of the LDL particle
ApoB-100 (ON TEST)
internalization of LDL particles occurs at blank
clathrin coated pits
LDL components are hydrolyzed after fusion with a blank
lysosome
increased cellular cholesterol levels inhibit transcription of the blank as well as the blank
HMG CoA Reductase gene, LDL receptor
LDL is paired with blank
ACAT
cholesterol picked up by HDL is esterified by blank
LCAT
HDL returns to liver where it is blank
excreted
main job of LDL and HDL
transport cholesterol
LDL transports cholesterol to blank
tissues
HDL transports cholesterol to blank
liver (TEST QUESTION)
bile salts are bile acids conjugated to one of these two amino acids
glycine, taurine
key reaction of synthesis of bile acids and bile salts is the blank of carbon 7 of cholesterol
hydroxylation
in the intestines, bacteria convert bile salts to blank by removing glycine and taurine
secondary bile acids
there is no requirement for cholesterol in the blank
diet
excess cholesterol can lead to producing these
gall stones
cholesterol is needed to make these hormones
steroid
statin drugs like lipitor inhibit cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting blank
HMG CoA reductase
familial hypercholesterolemia is caused by mutations in blank receptor
LDL
lipoproteins are used for blank transportation in the blood
cholesterol
