lec 2

Question 1

___ ways of forming an identity

Answer 1

various

3

1= personal traits
2= role identities
3= group memberships

Question 2

define

social identity=

Answer 2

person’s sense of who they are based on their group of membership

tajfel

Question 3

define

attitude

Answer 3

= evaluation of an act/object/person expressed at some level/intensity

= positive / negative
= 3 components

1= cognitive e.g Kim asses knowledge
2= affective  I get anxious about kim jong un
3= behavioural I studied hard for kim

Question 4

__ psychological factors that influence strength of attitude

Answer 4

3

1= does it directly affect one's own outcomes/self-interests?
2= is it related to deeply held philosophical/political/relgious values?
3= does it concern one's own friends/family/ social groups? (boninger)

Question 5

attitude => turns into =>

Answer 5

behaviour

Question 6

how are attitudes measured?

Answer 6

by 3 types of tests/measures

1= self-report measures
2= covert measures
3= implicit association test

Question 7

define

self-report measures

Answer 7

one of the 3 types of measures/test used to measure attitude

2 parts
1= attitude scale
2= interviews/focus groups

Question 8

define

attitude scale=

Answer 8

one of the 2 parts of the self-report measure

a multiple-item questionnaire designed to measure the individual’s attitude towards an object

Question 9

define

covert measures=

Answer 9

one of the 3 tests/measures use to measure attitude

2 parts
1=observable behaviour
2= facial electromyograph (EMG)

Question 10

define

IAT

Answer 10

one of the 3 tests/measures used to measure attitude

Implicit association test= based on idea tat we have implicitt attitudes
= measures the speed at which one responds to concept-pairings

Question 11

“attitudes significantly and substantially predict future behaviour” = ___

Answer 11

Kraus

attitude and behaviour are linked

Question 12

___ one of the several determinants of behaviour

Answer 12

attitudes

Question 13

attitudes are one of the several determinants of ___

Answer 13

behaviour

Question 14

Azjen’s theory of planned behaviour =

Answer 14

process of conscious decision-making

all 3:
1=attitude towards a behaviour
2=subjective norm
3=perceived behaviour and control

=> intention=> behaviour

Question 15

__ dimensions of attitudes as =

Answer 15

7
attitudes/components of attitudes can vary in several ways

1=strength = durability and impact
2=durability = personal relevance
3=accessibility= ease of activation
4= awareness =implicit vs explicit
5=complexity = specific vs general
6=ambivalence = neg + pos feelings
7=coherence= internal consistency

Question 16

__ are likely to predict behaviour when =

Answer 16

attitudes

6

1= attitude and behaviour = specific
2=environmental reinforcement matches attitude
3= important others share same attitude
4=attitudes=implicit (conscious)
5= attitude => strong
6= attitude developed from personal experience

Question 17

implicit = conscious/unconscious?

Answer 17

conscious

Question 18

define

persuation =

Answer 18

deliberate attempt to change someone’s attitude

Question 19

__ components of effective persuasion

Answer 19

5

1=persuasive sources =credible, attractive,likeable, powerful and similar to recipient
2=persuasive messages=match recipient’s level of consideration of topic
3=persuasive channels of delivery are personal e.g face-to-face
4=context =messages should be delivered at the right time and place (attitude inoculation)
5= persuasion is likely = if recipient has weaker attitudes and/or is attending to the message

Question 20

__ components of persuation (list them only)

Answer 20

5

1= persuasive sources
2= persuasive messages
3= persuasive channels
4=context
5= receiver = weaker attitudes

Question 21

attitude inoculation=

Answer 21

exposing recipient to smaller arguments first (in order to effectively persuade them to change attitude)

Question 22

__ routes to persuasion

Answer 22

2

1= central
2= peripheral