lec 10 Flashcards
What is the definition of Dietary supplements?
A product intended to supplement the diet containing one or more ingredients like vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, enzymes, probiotics, or extracts intended for ingestion.
What are Nutraceuticals?
A sector of dietary supplements prepared from whole foods in a non-food format like a capsule for medicinal benefits.
What are Functional foods?
Any food or ingredient that has a positive impact on health, physical performance, or state of mind, in addition to its nutritive value.
What are Medical foods?
A specific category of therapeutic agents intended for the nutritional management of a specific disease.
What are Phytochemicals?
Substances found in edible fruits and vegetables that can be ingested daily and exhibit potential to favorably modulate human metabolism to prevent diseases.
Which macronutrients supply energy?
Carbohydrates, protein, fat.
List the types of dietary supplements.
- Botanicals
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Amino acids
- Live microbials
What are carotenoids?
Pigments produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants, with over 600 types identified.
What are the three main omega-3 fatty acids?
- Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
- Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
- Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
True or False: Dietary supplements can replace a variety of foods important for a healthy diet.
False
Fill in the blank: According to the US-FDA, dietary supplements can help you improve or maintain your overall health, and some supplements can also help you meet your daily requirements of _______.
essential nutrients
What does the term ‘suboptimal diet’ refer to?
A diet lacking certain nutrients or containing excessive amounts of unhealthy components.
Who coined the term ‘Nutraceutical’ and in what year?
Dr. Stephen DeFelice in 1989.
What are some potential benefits of carotenoids?
- Anti-aging
- Antioxidant properties
- Protection against certain cancers
- Eye health
What is the recommended daily limit for EPA and DHA combined from dietary supplements according to the US-FDA?
5 g/day
What are the main sources of Omega-3 fatty acids?
- Fish
- Flaxseed
- Fish oil supplements
What health risks can a poor diet contribute to?
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Type 2 diabetes
What are common side effects of taking omega-3 supplements?
- Unpleasant taste
- Bad breath
- Heartburn
- Nausea
- Stomach discomfort
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Smelly sweat
What is the significance of Hippocrates’ statement, ‘Let food be your medicine, and medicine be your food’?
It emphasizes the importance of nutrition in health and disease management.
What challenges exist in the regulation of dietary supplements?
- Difference in regulatory definitions between countries
- Safety and quality control issues
