LEAVES Flashcards
TWO MAIN PARTS OF THE LEAVES
BLADE AND PETIOLE
BLADE is also known as
LAMINA
the BROAD PORTION of the leaf consisting of the apex, margin, vein, midrib, and base.
BLADE / LAMINA
a THIN STALK that attaches the leaf to a stem.
PETIOLE
consist of a SINGLE BLADE
SIMPLE LEAVES
have a blade that is
SEPARATED INTO TWO OR MORE parts on a COMMON PETIOLE
COMPOUND LEAVES
– leaflets are attached DIRECTLY to the end of the petiole
PALMATELY COMPOUND
– leaflets are ARRANGED ON THE SIDES of the main leaf stalk
PINNATELY COMPOUND
LEAF SHAPE:
NARROW AND LONG with approximately PARALLEL SIDES
LINEAR
LEAF SHAPE:
LONGER THAN BROAD with nearly parallel sides
and with a ROUNDED BASE AND APEX
OBLONG
LEAF SHAPE:
WIDEST below and TAPERS TOWARD BOTH ENDS
LANCEOLATE
LEAF SHAPE:
the REVERSE of lanceolate, BROADEST ABOVE middle and TAPERING DOWNWARD
OBLANCEOLATE
LEAF SHAPE:
WEDGE-SHAPED, BROAD AT THE TIP and tapering by nearly straight lines to an ACUTE ANGLE AT THE BASE
CUNEATE
LEAF SHAPE:
BROADLY ROUNDED ABOVE and LONG AND NARROW BELOW
SPATULATE
LEAF SHAPE:
BROADEST PART BELOW THE MIDDLE; more or less narrow, narrowed toward the tip; EGG-SHAPED
OVATE
LEF SHAPE:
the BROADER PART ABOVE THE MIDDLE; the REVERSE OF OVATE
OBOVATE
LEAF SHAPE:
BROADEST AT THE MIDDLE tapering more or less EQUALLY TO THE BASE AND APEX
ELLIPTICAL
LEAF SHAPE:
DIAMOND-SHAPED, with EQUAL SIDES but
UNEQUAL ANGLES
RHOMBOID
LEAF SHAPE:
TRIANGULAR
DELTOID
LEAF SHAPE:
more or less CIRCULAR IN OUTLINE; FLAT
ORBICULAR
LEAF SHAPE:
KIDNEY SHAPED
RENIFORM
LEAF SHAPE:
HEART SHAPE
CORDATE
LEAF MARGIN:
EVEN LINE, WITHOUT TEETH, notches, or lobes
ENTIRE
LEAF MARGIN:
cut into SHARP, SAW-LIKE TEETH POINTING FORWARD
SERRATE
LEAF MARGIN:
margin of the leaf forms a WAVY LINE, BENDING SLIGHTLY INWARD and outward in succession
UNDULATE
LEAF MARGIN:
like undulate, the margin is VERY WAVY (sinuous)
SINUATE
LEAF MARGIN:
teeth are SHORT AND ROUNDED; also called SCALLOPED
CRENATE
CRENATE margin is also called as
SCALLOPED
LEAF MARGIN:
VERY FINELY NOTCHED with ROUNDED PROJECTIONS
CRENULATE
LEAF MARGIN:
TEETH POINT OUTWARD
DENTATE
LEAF MARGIN:
leaf having a FINELY TOOTHED MARGIN
DENTICULATE
LEAF MARGIN:
COARSELY CRENATE, the teeth margins again crenated
DOUBLY CRENATE
LEAF MARGINS:
COARSELY SERRATE, the teeth margins again serrated
DOUBLY SERRATE
LEAF MARGIN:
COARSELY DENTATE, the teeth margins again dentated
DOUBLY DENTATE
LEAF MARGIN:
INCISIONS DO NOT EXTEND DEEPER than halfway between the MARGIN AND THE CENTER OF THE BLADE are ROUNDED
LOBED
LEAF BASES:
WEDGE-SHAPED, TAPERING evenly to a NARROW POINT
CUNEATE
LEAF BASES:
HEART SHAPED
CORDATE
LEAF BASES:
SLANTING, UNEQUAL-SIDED
OBLIQUE
LEAF BASES:
PROLONGED APEX tapering to a long, narrow point
ACUMINATE
LEAF BASES:
forming an ACUTE ANGLE of LESS THAN 90 degrees
ACUTE
LEAF BASES:
BLUNT; the sides forming an ANGLE OF MORE THAN 90 DEGRESS
OBTUSE
LEAF BASES:
forming an ARC
ROUNDED
LEAF BASES:
ABRUPTLY CUT OFF transversely at the base
TRUNCATE
LEAF BASES:
ARROW-SHAOED, the AURCILES turned INWARDS
SAGITTATE
LEAF BASES:
HALBERD-SHAPED; lobes at base POINTED AND NARROW and nearly at RIGHT ANGLES to the petiole
HASTATE
LEAF BASES:
SMALL PAIR OF PROJECTIONS, or EARS, usually at the base
AURICULATE
LEAF APEX:
ABRUPTLY TIPPED with a small, SHORT POINT; like a MERE PROJECTION OF THE MIDRIB
MUCRONATE
LEAF APEX:
tipped with an ELONGATED SHARP OR RIGID POINT
CUSPIDATE
LEAF APEX:
with a ROUNDED SINUS at the tip
RETUSE
LEAF APEX:
INDENTED or NOTCHED
EMARGINATE
LEAF APEX:
a SQUARE END that looks cut off
TRUNCATE
LEAF APEX:
- prolonged into a NARROWED OR TAPERING POINT
ACUMINATE
LEAF APEX:
ending in an ACUTE ANGLE, but NOT A PROLONGED POINT
ACUTE
LEAF APEX:
BLUNT or ROUNDED APEX
OBTUSE
LEAF APEX:
BROAD and SEMI-CIRCULAR in outline
ROUNDED
LEAF VENATION:
characteristic of the MONOCOTYLEDONS.
PARALLEL OR CLOSED
Veins running nearly parallel to each other from base to apex and are connected by transverse veinlets
PARALLEL OR CLOSED
LEAF VENATION:
characteristic of the DICOTYLEDONS.
NETTED OR OPEN
Veins ANASTOMOSING
some of which are RUNNING OUT and END BLINDLY in the leaf tissue.
NETTED OR OPEN
When THREE OR MORE SECONDARY VEINS branch radially from the base of the leaf.
PALMATELY VEINED
When the secondary veins BRANCH OFF AT INTERVALS from a prominent midrib
PINNATELY VEINED
When the secondary veins CURVE AND RUN ALMOST PARALLEL to the leaf margin for some distance
ARCUATE TYPE
ARRANGEMENT OF LEAVES:
only ONE LEAF PER NODE, it is placed alternate on each side of the stem in a FLAT PLANE
ALTERNATE
ARRANGEMENT OF LEAVES:
TWO LEAVES ARISE AT THE SAME POINT, with the leaves connecting opposite each other along the branch
OPPOSITE
ARRANGEMENT OF LEAVES:
one leaf per node, but it is arranged in a spiral along the stem
SPIRAL
ARRANGEMENT OF LEAVES:
THREE OR MORE LEAVES connected at a node
WHORLED
