Learning Process Flashcards
Characteristics of learning (RAMP)
R- result of experience (back round of student) e.g. Hands-on vs. book smart
A- active process- continuous learning by active interaction (you can’t absorb information by sleeping on the book)
M- multifaceted- using all the senses to absorb as much information as possible (reading listening doing)
P- purposeful- everything has a purpose otherwise learning doesn’t doesn’t take place (family of pilots carrying on a tradition vs rich person as a hobby)
Principles of learning (REEPIR)
R- READINESS: how ready and willing one is to learn (relationship problems and can’t focus. One has note book and pen)
E- EXERCISE: repeating over and over (e.g. Autorotations over and over everyday/ repeating acronyms)
E- EFFECT: good experience = better learning vs bad experience = worse learning (e.g. Excellent auto vs engine over speed which distracts student from learning
P- PRIMACY: teach it right the first time otherwise it leads to bad habits (e.g. Pre-landing checks in order every time rather than skipping around)
I- INTENSITY: authenticity of learning, realistic as possible (e.g. simulators vs real flying)
R- RECENCY: things most recently learned are best remembered (e.g. Review ground and flight to knock off the rust)
How people learn
A. Perceptions are directed to the brain through one of the five senses
B. Perceptions result when a person gives meaning to the sensation
C. All learning comes from perceptions
Factors which effect perception (PGBEST)
P- PHYSICAL ORGANISM: how one is physically able to perceive (e.g. Deaf in one ear, learning disability. Excellent hand eye coordination)
G- GOALS/VALUES: what’s important to one? Highly valued things are worked harder to obtain (e.g. Stranded in the woods, hear waterfall. Water is value so work to find it)
B- BASIC NEED: the need to maintain/improve one self. Never looking to improve impairs learning (e.g. One who thinks they know everything will never pick up anything new)
E- ELEMENT OF THREAT: if one feels unsafe they will not learn (e.g. First auto student is terrified and most likely won’t learn much)
S- SELF CONCEPT: how one pictures themselves. Low/high self esteem = bad learning environment (e.g. If one doesn’t believe in themselves they are less likely to learn as much)
T- TIME & OPPORTUNITY: dedicate the time and be given the opportunity (e.g. Some work and don’t have time. Some can’t get money for the opportunity)
Levels of learning (RUAC)
R- ROTE: memorization. Repeating something without understanding or application (lowest level) (e.g. Memorize each step in POH for engine failure)
U- UNDERSTANDING: the how, why, what, etc… (Teach a monkey how to hover but why or how?) (e.g. Understand why we lower collective, add right pedal, and apply aft cyclic)
A- APPLICATION: actually doing it. Results of understanding (e.g. Actually lowering collective, adding right pedal, applying aft cyclic)
C- CORRELATION: associating other knowledge even if not directly related (highest level) (e.g squawking 7700, transmitting mayday, mayday or scanning for traffic)
Memory three types?
Sensory- deciphers what’s short and what’s long term (e.g. Someone walks by and you notice)
Short term- maximum 7 bits of information lost after 20 seconds if not rehearsed (e.g. Phone number add area code and your thrown off. Someone walks by and trips but no big deal)
Long term- your brain codes information and saves it. (E.g. Someone walks by and spills there food all over their themselves)
Theories of forgetting (DIR)
D- DISUSE: forget things not used often
I- INTERFERENCE: forgetting something because another experience is overshadowing it (e.g. Learning FAA regs then learning Canadian regs and forgetting FAA)
R- REPRESSION: submersion of ideas into subconscious. Bad the brain blocks it out.
Retention of learning (PARASM)
P- PRAISE: stimulates remembering (e.g. Great auto, nice entry good flare will stick in mind)
A- ASSOCIATION: recall is prompted by association (e.g. Acronyms and other memory aids)
R- REPETITION: repeating something over and over engrains it in the mind.
A- ATTITUDE: positive/favorable attitude aids in retention. People tend to remember what they want to.
S- SENSES: using all of your senses. The more one can use the better they’ll remember
M- MNEMONICS: acronyms or tunes
Learning theory
A. Behaviorism- emphasizes shaping behavior by providing reinforcement
B. Cognitive Theory- emphasizes shaping the way someone thinks, understands or feels rather than the way they behave.
C. Combined approach
Domains of learning (3 domains)
- Cognitive domain- knowledge
- Affective domain- attitudes, beliefs, values
- Psychomotor domain: physical skills
