Learning, Memory, and Development

Question 1

two types of associative learning?

Answer 1

Classical and Operant learning

Question 2

Reinforcement

Answer 2

Something that increases behavior

Question 3

Punishment

Answer 3

something that leads to a decrease in behavior

Question 4

Aid in encoding memory

Answer 4

Hierarchies-
depth of processing-
dual coding hypothesis-

Question 5

Aid in encoding memory

Answer 5

Hierarchies-
depth of processing-
dual coding hypothesis-
method of loci-
the peg word method-

Question 6

Aid in encoding memory

Answer 6

Hierarchies-
depth of processing-
dual coding hypothesis-
method of loci-
the peg word method-

Question 7

Eidetic memory

Answer 7

Ability for some children to remember image in vivid detail for minutes

Question 8

Difference between short term and working memory?

Answer 8

Short term is associated with the hippocampus and is transferred to long-term after rehearsal; new information is being stored. Working memory is associated with the prefrontal cortex and can be short or long term memory; it is a storage bin to hold memory that are needed in particular moments.

Question 9

infantile amnesia

Answer 9

implicit memory can be retained indefinitely as a infant but explicit is not retained until age of 4, when hippocampus develops fully.

Question 10

reproductive memory

Answer 10

storage of orignial stimulus input and subsequent recall.

Question 11

Interference with memory

Answer 11

Proactive interference = when things you previously learned makes it hard for you to remember newly learned things

Retroactive interference = new things learned inhibit recall of old information.

Question 12

positive transfer

Answer 12

old information facilitate learning of new info.

Question 13

Misinformation, false memory, reconstructive memory, source monitoring

Answer 13

Misinformation = exposure to misinformation leads to people misremembering

False memory = when someone is tolded to repeatedly imagine a nonexistent event/action, that situation becomes gradually a real memory [hard to distinguish between real memory and false memory based on emotion]

source monitoring = cannot attribute to the source of the memory so can be misapplied (ex. a memory of someone mistreating you, but in reality it was from a dream)

Question 14

reconstructive memory

Answer 14

Instead of a memory being a snapshot of a past event, it is instead we build memory based off of past experience, social expectation etc.

Question 15

Misinformation, false memory, reconstructive memory, source monitoring

Answer 15

Misinformation = exposure to misinformation leads to people misremembering

False memory = when someone is told to repeatedly imagine a nonexistent event/action, that situation becomes gradually a real memory [hard to distinguish between real memory and false memory based on emotion]

source monitoring = cannot attribute to the source of the memory so can be misapplied (ex. a memory of someone mistreating you, but in reality it was from a dream)

Question 16

reconstructive memory

Answer 16

Instead of memory being a snapshot of a past event, it is instead we build memory based on past experience, social expectation, etc.

Question 17

reconstructive memory

Answer 17

Instead of memory being a snapshot of a past event, it is instead we build memory based on past experience, social expectation, etc.