Learning: Basics and Classic Conditioning Flashcards
associative learning
learning that certain events occur together or a response and its consequence
operant behavior
behavior that operates on the environment, producing a consequence.
respondent behavior
behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus.
behaviorism
the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
cognitive learning
The gaining of knowledge weather, through observing others or through language.
classical conditioning
a type of learning in which we link two or more stimuli;
Pavlov’s dog
conditioned stimulus (CS)
an originally neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus (US), comes to trigger a conditioned response
unconditioned response (UR)
an unlearned, naturally occurring response
neutral stimulus (NS)
A stimulus that doesn’t do anything to you, often the stimulus before it is conditioned;
A tone or sound
conditioned response (CR)
, a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
higher-order conditioning
a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus
extinction
the diminishing of a conditioned response
acquisition
the initial stage—when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus
generalization
the tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses.
spontaneous recovery
the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response.
