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AP Psych > Learning > Flashcards

Learning Flashcards

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1
Q

Classical conditioning

A

US pair with CS to produce UR

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2
Q

Extinction

A

Unlearning behavior

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3
Q

Spontaneous recovery

A

Behavior briefly reappears

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4
Q

Generalization

A

Respond to similar stimulus

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5
Q

Discriminate

A

Distinction between various stimuli

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6
Q

Second/higher-order conditioning

A

Pair CS with new CS to produce same UR

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7
Q

Law of effect

A

Pleasant consequence, stimulus/response connection goes up, unpleasant goes down

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8
Q

Instrumental learning

A

Consequence instrumental in shaping future behavior

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9
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Increase behavior by adding something good

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10
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Increase behavior by taking away something bad

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11
Q

Escape learning

A

Terminate aversive stimulus

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12
Q

Avoidance learning

A

Avoid unpleasant stimulus

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13
Q

Positive punishment

A

Decrease behavior by adding something bad

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14
Q

Negative punishment

A

Decrease behavior by taking away something good

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15
Q

Shaping

A

Reinforcing steps to desired behavior

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16
Q

Chaining

A

Successive responses to get an award

17
Q

Primary reinforces

A

Themselves rewarding (food)

18
Q

Secondary reinforcers

A

Learned value ($)

19
Q

Generalized reinforcer

A

Can be used for anything ($)

20
Q

Token economy

A

Trade tokens for other reinforcers

21
Q

Premack Principle

A

2 activities, the one preferred is used to reinforce one not preferred

22
Q

Fixed-ratio schedule

A

Set # of responses

23
Q

Variable-ratio schedule

A

of responses varies, averages to a certain #

24
Q

Fixed-interval schedule

A

Set time elaspes

25
Q

Variable-interval schedule

A

Time elapsed varies

26
Q

Contiguity model of CC

A

Continuous pairings of CS and US

27
Q

Contingency model

A

Intermixed w/ times of just CS or just US; association not as strong

28
Q

Observational learning

A

Albert Bandura

29
Q

Latent learning

A

Learning that isn’t totally evident

30
Q

Abstract learning

A

Understanding concepts

31
Q

Insight learning

A

Wolfgang Kohler, sudden insight on solving problems

AP Psych (14 decks)

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