Learning Flashcards
Learning, Emotion & Motivation, Personality. Health Psychology
A complex process, where learning process can be deduced to change in behavior. A more or less permanent that can be practiced.
Learning
The simplest kind of learning, where we get used to something.
Habituation
Next Level of Learning, associated between stimulus & response
Associative Learning
Ivan Pavlov, theory that transfer the response from one stimulus to another through repeated pairings.
Classical Conditioning
Doesn’t elicit a response, unless conditioned. A tool
Neutral Stimulus
Has no pair, but can elicit a response before the conditioning.
Unconditioned Stimulus
Normal response from an unconditioned stimulus (ex. salivation)
Unconditioned Response
With pair from the neutral stimulus, elicit a conditioned response.
Conditioned Stimulus
A response where one conditioned stimulus along with other stimulus (neutral) occur.
Conditioned Response
B.F. Skinner, behavior response can affect the environment & vice versa.
Operant Conditioning
Someone received a reward or pleasant stimulus to increase the behavioral response
Positive Reinforcement
Removal of unpleasant stimulus to increase the behavioral response. ex. cancelling the plan na uncomfy sila at first.
Negative Reinforcement
Delivering unpleasant stimulus to one, that can decrease its behavioral response. ex. getting low remarks
Positive Punishment
Removing pleasant things/stimulus to decrease its behavioral response. ex. getting the phone since the individual was lazy.
Negative Punishment
Albert Bandura, a vicarious learning through visual or by imitating others where one model was being imitated.
Social Learning
An experiment that has a large inflatable doll from children that proves the social learning theory, that aggression can be imitated
Bobo Doll Experiment
Attention, Retention, Motoric Reproduction, and Reinforcement
4 Steps of Modeling Learning
perceives or sense the model about the important aspects to be imitate the behavior. Gives the full attention to the
Attention
Remembering the behavior being imitated from a model
Retention
Imitating the learned behavior from perception through action
Motoric Reproduction
motivated to do so to adopt the behavior based to the results of motoric reproduction
Reinforcement
An internal/personal satisfaction which is positive, thus making one have the will to do it again. (Modeling Learning)
Intrinsic motivation
A punishment you had due to imitating the model, either making you to stop doing the perceived behavior or do it again for improvement. (Modeling Learning)
Extrinsic motivation
Learn a specific learning or a skill with proficiency and competency. Cognition, fixation, automation.
Skill Learning
Knowing the specific thing that can help in understanding the task in that particular skill
Cognition
You grasp the basic things, this can be improved through repetition of the said skill.
Fixation
Has the proficiency of the skill, aimed and near to mastering the specific skill. Can do complex styles and “muscle memory”
Automation
a type of learning that uses the words and language.
Verbal Learning
Serial Anticipation, Free Recall Learning, Paired-Associate Learning.
Kinds of Verbal Learning
A type of verbal learning where you are able to predict the next sequence or pattern. ex. multiples of 2
Serial Anticipation
An effect where you can memorize the first and last information than the middle parts.
Primary and Recency Effect
A type of verbal learning that can retrieve information in every order or groups. ex. types of fruit/vegetables
Free Recall Learning
A type of verbal learning that associated thru pairings of two elements. ex. Gen. Trias
Paired-Associate Learning
Type of learning that’s an internal force, that can’t be observed. This involves covert behavior, problem solving, and thinking.
Cognitive Learning
Recall, Recognition, Reintegration, & Relearning
Methods to Measure Memory
It acquires and receives information and stores them
Memory
This can reproduce the past learning style without a clue
Recall
Recognize information through familiarizing
Recognition
Reconstruct past learnings or memory. Ex. Paraphrasing the learned lesson
Reintegration
The easiest method, you can learn information that was forgotten by learning it again. Ex. Reviewing
Relearning
Involves a full attention and focus to a specific task.
Perception
Decode ideas in a meaningful manner, gives value or identifies major information.
Decoding
This holds the memory being decoded for future use and also can maintain overtime.
Storage
The stored idea was getting used again by remembering them.
Retrieval
A sensory memory, more into present. Last for 20 seconds to 1 minute.
Short-Term Memory
This can help in converting short term to long-term memory by having repetitions of learning.
Elaborative Rehearsal
An information that can lasts and has extended period in our memory.
Long-term Memory
Type of Long-term memory that is a general knowledge like definitions, facts.
Semantic Memory
Type of Long-term memory that involves procedures and steps like learning a guitar or cooking using a guide.
Procedural Memory
Type of Long-term memory from personal experience like events, and even memorable experiences like catastrophe.
Episodic Memory
An individual that has a good photographic memory or imagery power
Eidetikers
Impacting ones ability to remember a memory like amnesia
Memory Disorder
A type of amnesia, that can’t produce new memories
Anterograde
A type of amnesia, inability to remember past memories,
Retrograde
A type of amnesia, a forced memory loss due to psychological factors like trauma.
Psychogenic
A scenario that leads to failure of retaining the learned information.
Forgetting
A theory in forgetting that has interference from the information learned including proactive and retroactive interference.
Interference Theory
The Old info being interfered by that new information. ex. password
Proactive Interference
The new info being interfered by the old information. ex. Dance practice
Retroactive Interference
Memory are not being practiced overtime thus having a time-lapse, nakakalimutan.
Decay Memory
Has a memory trace but can’t remember the info, but can later on be retrieved accordingly.
Retrieval Based
Intentionally blocking the information to forget.
Motivated
