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Intro to Psychology > HUMAN DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

Principles of Growth and Development

1
Q

what is the primary concern of a developmental psychologists?

A

the changes in behavior over lifespan

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2
Q

What is the goal of a developmental psychologists?

A

the goal to achieve full development

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3
Q

it is a progressive series of changes of an orderly and coherent type towards the goal of maturity

A

Growth

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4
Q

pattern of change, begins at conception and continues thru lifespan.

A

development

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5
Q

PATH OF DEV’T THAT HAS CHANGES IN BODILY APPEARANCE AND CHANGES IN BODILY ACTIVITIES LIKE MOTOR SKILLS.

A

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

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6
Q

PATH OF DEV’T THAT HAS CHANGES IN SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL ASPECTS

A

PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

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7
Q

PATH OF DEV’T THAT HAS CHANGES IN THOUGHT PROCESSES, AFFECTING LANGUAGE, LEARNING ABILITIES AND MEMORY.

A

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

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8
Q

A KIND OF CHANGE THAT ARE PROGRESSIVE, LEADING TO IMPROVEMENT, EX. DEVELOPING MOTOR SKILLS.

A

QUALITATIVE CHANGES

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9
Q

KIND OF CHANGES THAT ARE MEASURABLE LIKE HEIGHT OR WEIGHT

A

QUANTITATIVE CHANGES

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10
Q

ONE OF THE FACTOR OF DEV’T THAT WERE INHERITED THE TRAITS, PASSING DOWN TO OFFSPRING.

A

NATURE

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11
Q

ONE OF FACTORS OF DEV’T, BASED ON INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES OR FORCES AFFECTING A MAN (SOCIAL, NATURAL, PHYSICAL)

A

NURTURE

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12
Q

A TERM, FROM THE TRAITS OF PARENTS BEING HANDED DOWN, MADE FROM RAW MATERIALS.

A

HEREDITY

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13
Q

A TERM, THE FORCES OF AFFECTING THE MAN, SHAPING YOUR RAW MATERIAL.

A

ENVIRONMENT

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14
Q

A GRADUAL UNFOLDING OF HEREDITARY TRAITS AND POTENTIALS, A PROCESS WHICH ONE SHOULD PASS THROUGH BEFORE REACHING STATE OF MATURITY, UNFOLDING THE FULLEST POTENTIAL.

A

MATURATION

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15
Q

A FUNCTION OF MATURATION, WHICH THE DEV’T OCCURS THROUGH MATURATION EX. WALKING

A

PHYLOGENETIC

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16
Q

A FUNCTION OF MATURATION, WHICH ARE THE TRAITS LEARNED THRU TRAINING. EX. SWIMMING

A

ONTOGENETIC

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17
Q

THESE THREE MECHANICS THAT MAKES UP AN INDIVIDUAL IN TERMS OF HEREDITY

A

TIME, HEREDITY, ENVIRONMENT

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18
Q

OTHER TERM FOR BODY CELLS

A

SOMATIC CELLS

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19
Q

HOW MANY PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES DOES A HUMAN BODY HAVE?

A

23 PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES

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20
Q

A THREAD-LIKE, CONTAINING GENES THAT USUALLY FOUND IN PAIRS

A

CHROMOSOMES

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21
Q

IF THE CHROMOSOMES WERE NOT FOUNDED WITH PAIRS, WHAT WILL HAPPEN?

A

CHROMOSOMAL ABBERATIONS AND ABNORMALITIES

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22
Q

HOW MANY PAIRS OF AUTOSOMES ARE FOUNDED IN OUR BODY?

A

22 PAIRS

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23
Q

HOW MANY PAIRS OF GENOSOMES ARE FOUND IN OUR BODY?

A

1 PAIR

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24
Q

IN DETERMINING THE SEX BASED ON PAIRING OF SEX CHROMOSOMES, WHAT IS XY?

A

MALE

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25
Q

WHAT ABOUT THE XXY? WHAT IS THEIR SEX?

A

INTERSEX

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26
Q

IT IS A STRONG GENES THAT WILL OCCUR IN THE OFFSPRING

A

DOMINANT

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27
Q

WEAK GENES THAT CAN’T OCCUR IN OFFSPRING

A

RECESSIVE

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28
Q

THE SEX OF THE OFFSRING DEPNDS ON THE PAIRING OF THE SEX CHROMOSOMES.

A

SEX DETERMINATION

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29
Q

A PRINCIPLE OF HEREDITY, STATING THAT HUMAN INDIVIDUALS WILL REPRODUCE THEIR OWN KIND

A

PRINCIPLE OF REPRODUCTION

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30
Q

A PRINCIPLE OF HEREDITY, THAT HAS THE PRESENCE OF SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES AMONG FAMILY MEMBERS.

A

PRINCIPLE OF DOMINANCE AND RECESSIVENESS

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31
Q

A PRINCIPLE OF HEREDITY, THAT THERE ARE “NO” TWO INDIV ARE EXACTLY “ALIKE”, EVEN TWINS HAVE MILD DIFFERENCES.

A

PRINCIPLE OF VARIATION

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32
Q

A PRINCIPLE OF HEREDITY, MAKING AN ABSOLUTE PREDICTION, ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE.

A

PRINCIPLE OF CHANCE

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33
Q

A PRINCIPLE OF HEREDITY, THAT SEX-LINKED TRAITS ARE CARRIED BY SAME GENES, DETERMINING SEX.

A

SEX-LINKED CHARACTERISTICS

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34
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 HEREDITY CHARACTERISTICS?

A

PHYSICAL TRAITS, MENTAL TRAITS, AND SPECIAL TALENT/ABILITIES

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35
Q

A GENETIC ENGINEERING THAT EXTRACTS REPRODUCTIVE CELLS OR SPERM CELL, PUTTING IT INTO THE OVARY.

A

IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION

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36
Q

A GENETIC ENGINEERING THAT WERE USED FOR PASSING TRAITS INTO THE OFFSPRING.

A

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION BY A DONOR (AID)

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37
Q

A GENETIC ENGINEERING, THAT THERE IS AN ALTERNATE BEARER FOR THE PREGNANCY.

A

SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD

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38
Q

A GENETIC ENGINEERING THAT ARE MOSTLY ON THE ANIMALS

A

MAPPING OR CLONING

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39
Q

A STAGE OF DEV’T WHERE IT IS A PERIOD OF GESTATION, THAT FETUS DEVELOPS WITHIN THE WOMB. HOW MANY DAYS DOES THIS STAGE TAKE?

A

PRE-NATAL STAGE

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40
Q

IT IS CALLED IN THE PROCESS OF FERTILIZATION TO 2 WEEKS IN THE PERIOD OF OVUM

A

ZYGOTE

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41
Q

PRE-NATAL STAGE THAT IS THE MOST VULNERABLE PERIOD DUE TO RAPID GROWTH

A

PERIOD OF EMBRYO

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42
Q

THIS TYPE OF BIRTH IS THE USUAL WAY, WHERE THE HEAD FIRST.

A

NATURAL/SPONTANEOUS BIRTH

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43
Q

TYPE OF BIRTH, FEET FIRST

A

BREACH BIRTH

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44
Q

CESARIAN SURGERY IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT TYPE OF BIRTH?

A

INSTRUMENTAL BIRTH

45
Q

THIS TYPE OF BIRTH THAT THE BABY IS HORIZONTALLY LAYED.

A

TRANSVERSE PRESENTATION

46
Q

IT IS A PERIOD THAT TOOK ONLY 2 WEEKS AND THE SHORTEST

A

INFANCY PERIOD

47
Q

PERIOD WHERE 15 TO 20 AFTER BIRTH ONCE THE UMBILICAL CORD IS CUT

A

PERIOD OF THE PARTUNATE

48
Q

PERIOD WHEN UMBILICAL CORD FALLS OFF, 2 WEEKS AFTER BIRTH

A

PERIOD OF THE NEONATE

49
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 MAJOR ADJUSTMENTS OF A BABY?

A

ADJUSTMENT TO TEMPERATURE, BREATHING, TAKING NOURISHMENT, AND ELIMINATION

50
Q

A STAGE OF DEV’T FROM 2ND WEEK TO THE END OF 2ND YEAR, THE AGE OF HELPLESSNESS

A

BABYHOOD STAGE

51
Q

IN THIS PERIOD, IT PRODUCES REFLEX REACTIONS OR MOTOR ACTIONS OF THE BABY.

A

BABYHOOD PERIOD

52
Q

WHAT IS AGE OF HELPLESSNESS

A

DEPENDENT TO PARENTS, ATTAINING THEIR NEEDS AND CARE.

53
Q

THIS STAGE TAKES FROM 2 TO 6 YRS OLD, IN THE AGE OF CURIOSITY WHERE THEY STARTING TO ASK MANY QUESTIONS

A

EARLY CHILDHOOD

54
Q

THIS STAGE TAKES 6 TO 10 YRS OLD, IN THE SMART OR GANG STAGE THAT THINKS THEY KNOW EVERYTHING, SEEKING BELONGINGNESS TO PEERS.

A

LATE CHILDHOOD

55
Q

IN THIS STAGE, ENDS UNTIL 18 YRS OLD IN THE AGE OF MANHOOD WHERE THE BODY CHANGES AND DEVELOPS

A

PUBERTY/PUBESCENCE STAGE

56
Q

IN THIS STAGE, IN THE PERIOD OF STORM AND STRESS WHERE THE PERSON IS SEXUALLY MATURE; HAS CHANGES IN SOCIOEMOTIONAL AND COGNITIVE CHANGES

A

ADOLESCENCE STAGE

57
Q

IN THIS STAGE, TAKES AROUND 21 TO 40 YRS OLD WHERE THEY’RE SETTLING DOWN IN CAREER AND MARRIAGE

A

EARLY ADULTHOOD

58
Q

IN THIS STAGE, TAKES AROUND 40 TO 60 YRS OLD, THE DREADED AGE WHERE THEY RE-EVALUATE THEIR DECISIONS.

A

MIDDLE AGE/MIDDLE ADULTHOOD

59
Q

ABILITY OF THE CHIILD TO HAVE CONTROL ON ITS BODILY MOVEMENTS.

A

MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

60
Q

MOTOR DEVELOPMENT THAT STARTS FROM HEAD TO TOE

A

CEPHALO-CAUDAL SEQUENCE

61
Q

MOTOR DEVELOPMENT THAT STARTS FROM CENTER TO EXTREMITIES

A

PROXIMO-DISTAL SEQUENCE

62
Q

IN THIS STAGE, THEY HAD THE STAGE OF SENESCENCE IN THE AGE OF 60 ONWARDS, WHERE HEALTH PROBLEMS ARE PREVALENT

A

LATE ADULTHOOD STAGE

63
Q

ONE OF THE THEORIES OF DEV’T, A SIGNIFICANT TURNING POINT, LIKE VOTING, GRADUATING, MARRYING

A

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONE

64
Q

ONE OF THE THEORIES OF DEV’T THAT MEANS THE PERIOD OF LIFE

A

LIFE STAGES

65
Q

ONE OF THE THEORIES OF DEV’T, A PERSONAL CHANGE THAT LEADS TO DEV’T

A

DEVELOPMENTAL TASK

66
Q

ONE OF THE THEORIES OF DEV’T, THAT HAS CONFLICT BETWEEN PERSONAL IMPULSES AND SOCIAL WORLD

A

PSYCHOSOCIAL DILEMMA

67
Q

A LEARNING TO THNK AND UNDERSTAND, LEARNING TO SPEAK AND REASONING, ALSO REMEMBERING THINGS, USUALLY ADAPT THROUGH SCHOOLING.

A

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

68
Q

A SWISS BIOLOGIST AND PSYCHOLOGIST THAT TALKS ABOUT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT

A

JEAN PIAGET

69
Q

PIAGET SAID THAT CHILDREN’S INTELLIGENCE UNDERGOES CHANGES AS THEY GROW

A

PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

70
Q

IN THIS STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, STARTED FROM BIRTH TO 2 YEARS, WHERE THEY STARTED TO LEARN THRU SENSES BASED ON OBSERVATIONS

A

SENSORY MOTOR STAGE

71
Q

A FUNDAMENTAL FUNCTION OF SENSORY MOTOR STAGE, WHERE THE CHILD HAS ITS OWN PERCEPTION THRU OBJECT.

A

OBJECT PERMANENCE

72
Q

IN THIS STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, THEY USE SYMBOLS(WORDS) IN REPRESENTING PEOPLE OR OBJECTS, THEY ALSO IMITATE ACTIONS WHILE IN THE AGE OF 2 TO 7 YRS

A

PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE

73
Q

A FUNDAMENTAL FUNCTION OF PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE, WHERE THEY ARE SELF-CENTERED AND ONLY BELIEVED WHAT THEY SEE

A

EGO-CENTRIC

74
Q

IN THIS STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, THEY ARE NO LONGER EGOCENTRIC AND CAN MAKE MORAL JUDGEMENTS IN THE AGE OF 7-12 YRS

A

CONCRETE OPERATION STAGE

75
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO FUNCTIONS OF CONCRETE OPERATION STAGE IN THE THEORY OF JEAN PIAGET?

A

THE CONCEPT OF CONSERVATION AND REVERSIBILITY

76
Q

IN THIS STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, THAT ALSO THINK LIKE A SCIENTIST THAT CAN SOLVE PROBLEMS THRU LOGICAL REASONING AT THE AGE OF 12 AND OLDER.

A

FORMAL OPERATION STAGE

77
Q

AN ANY MEANS BY WHICH A PERSON EXPRESSES HIS IDEAS, THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS

A

LANGUAGE

78
Q

IT IS DISTINCT AND ARTICULATE SOUNDS OR WORDS, CONVEYING MEANING

A

SPEECH

79
Q

CRYING, COOING OR BABBLING, GESTURES & NON-VERBAL COMM., EMOTIONAL EXPRESSIONS AND DRAWING.

WHICH OF THESE ARE NOT INCLUDED ON HOW SPEECH IS DEVELOPED?

A

DRAWING

80
Q

IN DEVELOPING LANGUAGE, IT USES THE SOUNDS ALIKE USED IN A PARTICULAR LANGUAGE.

A

PHENOLOGY

81
Q

IN DEVELOPING LANGUAGE, IT STUDIES ABOUT THE WORD MEANING OR COMBINATIONS

A

SEMANTICS

82
Q

IN DEVELOPING LANGUAGE, RULES WERE USED IN DESCRIBING THE STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE, INCLUDING MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX

A

GRAMMAR

83
Q

IN DEVELOPING LANGUAGE, RULES WERE USED FOR LANGUAGE IN A PARTICULAR CONTEXT

A

PRAGMATICS

84
Q

THIS DEVELOPMENT, THEY TRY TO SENSE PEOPLE AS LOVING OR HOSTILE, THAT CAN ONLY AFFECT THEIR FUTURE. CHILDREN ALSO DEPEND ON EMOTIONALY ONTO THEIR EXPERIENCES

A

EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

85
Q

IN THIS DEVELOPMENT, HOME IS CONSIDERED AS SEAT OF LEARNING, CHILDREN WHO ARE ACCEPTED TENDS TO BE MORE SOCIABLE OR INTROVERT WHEN THEY FEEL REJECTED IN ACCORANCE WITH SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS.

A

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

86
Q

TRUST VS. MISTRUST, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

INFANCY STAGE (0-1 YR OLD)

87
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF TRUST VS MISTRUST?

A

HOPE

88
Q

AUTONOMY VS SELF-DOUBT, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

EARLY CHILDHOOD, 1-3 YRS OLD

89
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTURE OF AUTONOMY VS. SELF-DOUBT?

A

WILL

90
Q

INITIATIVE VS GUILT, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

PLAY AGE, 3-6 YRS

91
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF INITIATIVE VS GUILT

A

PURPOSE

92
Q

INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

SCHOOL AGE, 7-11 YRS

93
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY?

A

COMPETENCE

94
Q

IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

ADOLESCENCE STAGE, 12-18 YRS

95
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION?

A

FIDELITY

96
Q

INTIMACY VS ISOLATION, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

EARLY ADULTHOOD, 19-29 YEARS

97
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF INTIMACY VS ISOLATION

A

LOVE

98
Q

GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

MIDDLE AGE, 30-64 YRS OLD

99
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION

A

CARE

100
Q

INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR, WHAT STAGE AND AGE?

A

OLD AGE, 65 YRS OLD ONWARDS

101
Q

WHAT IS THE VIRTUE OF INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR

A

WISDOM

102
Q

HE THEORIZED THE 6 STAGES OF MORAL MATURITY OR DEVELOPMENT

A

LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

103
Q

“DO WHAT IS SUPPOSED TO, IN ORDER TO AVOID PUNISHMENT” IN WHAT STAGE OF MORALITY?

A

PERSONAL REWARD ORIENTATION

104
Q

WHAT STAGES ARE UNDER PRE-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY IN KOHLBERG’S THEORY?

A

OBEDIENCE AND PERSONAL REWARD ORIENTATION

105
Q

“THINGS WORK OUT BETTER WHEN RULES ARE FOLLOWED”, IN WHAT STAGE OF MORALITY?

A

LAW & ORDER ORIENTATION

106
Q

WHAT STAGES ARE UNDER CONVENTIONAL MORALITY IN KOHLBERG’S THEORY?

A

GOOD BOY/GIRL ORIENTATION AND LAW & ORDER ORIENTATION

107
Q

“I WILL DO WHAT I THINK IS THE RIGHT THING TO DO”, IN WHAT STAGE OF MORALITY?

A

CONSCIENCE ORIENTATION

108
Q

WHAT STAGES ARE UNDER POST - CONVENTIONAL MORALITY IN KOHLBERG’S THEORY?

A

SOCIAL CONSTRUCT ORIENTATION AND CONSCIENCE ORIENTATION

Intro to Psychology (6 decks)

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