LEAP-4

Question 1

abuse v-n
abuser
abusive letter

Answer 1

istismar, kötüye kullanmak
to use something for the wrong purpose in a way that is harmful or morally wrong:
She is continually abusing her position/authority by getting other people to do things for her.
I never expected that he would abuse the trust I placed in him.
to abuse alcohol

Question 2

appeal v-n

Answer 2

başvurmak, çağrıda bulunmak
to make a serious or formal request, especially to the public, for money, information, or help:
They’re appealing for clothes and blankets to send to the devastated region.
The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl.
I tried to appeal to (= ask for support based on) his sense of loyalty, stressing how good the company had been to him.
[ + to infinitive ] Church leaders have appealed to the government to halt the war.

Question 3

claim v-n

Answer 3

iddiada bulunmak

Question 4

consume v
consumer n
consumption n
consumerism n

Answer 4

tüketmek

Question 5

counter v

counter argument n

Answer 5

karşı koymak
to react to something with an opposing opinion or action, or to defend yourself against something:
After the government bombed their camp, the rebels countered with an attack on the capital.
When criticisms were made of the school’s performance, the parents’ group countered with details of its exam results.
Extra police have been moved into the area to counter the risk of violence.

Question 6

ciriticize v
criticism n
critic n-person
critical adj
critically adv

Answer 6

eleştirmek
to express disapproval of someone or something:
The government is being widely criticized in the media for failing to limit air pollution.
We’ll get nowhere if all you can do is criticize.

Question 7

insure/ensure v
insurance n (sigorta)
insured (sigortalı)

Answer 7

sağlamak, emin olmak
to make something certain to happen:
The airline is taking steps to ensure safety on its aircraft.
[ + (that) ] The role of the police is to ensure (that) the law is obeyed.
[ + two objects ] Their 2–0 victory today has ensured the Italian team a place in the Cup Final/ensured a place in the Cup Final for the Italian team.

Question 8

ruin v-n

ruined adj

Answer 8

mahvetmek
to spoil or destroy something completely:
Huge modern hotels have ruined this once unspoilt coastline.
Her injury ruined her chances of winning the race.

Question 9

satisfy v

satisfactory adj tatmin edici

Answer 9

rahatlatmak, tatmin etmek
to please someone by giving them what they want or need:
They have 31 flavours of ice cream - enough to satisfy everyone!
Come on, satisfy my curiosity (= tell me what I want to know) - what happened last night?

Question 10

rule v-n

misrule (kötü yönetim)

Answer 10

to control or be the person in charge of something such as a country:
Most modern kings and queens rule (their countries) only in a formal way, without real power.
She rules her household with an iron hand/fist (= severely).

misrule:
She blamed her country’s economic collapse on 40 years of communist misrule.

Question 11

rust v

rusty adj

Answer 11

paslanmak
to become or cause something to become covered with rust:
Older cars will begin to rust.
Years of being left out in the rain had rusted the metal chairs.
The floor of the car had rusted away/through (= been destroyed by rust), so I was careful where I put my feet.

Question 12

sustain v
sustainability n
sustainable adj

Answer 12

sürdürmek
to cause or allow something to continue for a period of time:
The economy looks set to sustain its growth into next year.
He seems to find it difficult to sustain relationships with women.
US The judge sustained (= accepted) the lawyer’s objection.

Question 13

affair n

Answer 13

mesele, iş
a situation or subject that is being dealt with or considered:
She organizes her financial affairs very efficiently.
He’s always meddling in (= trying to influence) other people’s affairs.
What I do in my spare time is my affair (= only involves me).

Question 14

candidate n

Answer 14

aday
a person who is competing to get a job or elected position:
There are three candidates standing in the election.

Question 15

component n

Answer 15

bileşen, parça
a part that combines with other parts to form something bigger:
television/aircraft/computer components
The factory supplies electrical components for cars.
The course has four main components: business law, finance, computing and management skills.
Fresh fruit and vegetables are an essential component of a healthy diet.

Question 16

dozen n

Answer 16

düzine

a dozen eggs

Question 17

elect v

election n

Answer 17

seçim

Question 18

estate n

Answer 18

arazi
a large area of land in the country that is owned by a family or an organization and is often used for growing crops or raising animals:
It’s a typical country estate with a large house for the owner, farm buildings, and estate workers’ houses.

Question 19

lung n

Answer 19

akciğer, ciğer

kanser

Question 20

mass n

Answer 20

kitle, toplu
having an effect on or involving a large number of people or forming a large amount:
weapons of mass destruction
a mass murderer
mass starvation
Opposition groups plan to stage mass demonstrations all over the country

Question 21

outcome n

Answer 21

sonuç-result
a result or effect of an action, situation, etc.:
It’s too early to predict the outcome of the meeting.

Question 22

amuse v

amusing adj

Answer 22

eğlenceli
entertaining and funny:
an amusing story/person/situation

Question 23

crisp adj

Answer 23

çıtır, gevrek

Question 24

deceive v

deceptive adj

Answer 24

aldatıcı
making you believe something that is not true:
It’s deceptive - from the outside the building looks small, but inside it’s very big.

Question 25

massive

Answer 25

iri, büyük
very large in size, amount, or number:
They have a massive house.
She died after taking a massive overdose of drugs.
If the drought continues, deaths will occur on a massive scale.

Question 26

rewarding adj

Answer 26

ödüllendirici
giving a reward, especially by making you feel satisfied that you have done something important or useful, or done something well:
Is it a rewarding job?
Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity.

Question 27

voluntarily adv

volunteer n person

Answer 27

gönüllü olarak
in a voluntary way (= done, made, or given willingly):
If you don’t leave voluntarily then we will send you away.
We decided to voluntarily withdraw the drug from the market.

Question 28

prohibition n

Answer 28

yasak
the act of officially not allowing something, or an order that does this:
New York City has announced a prohibition on smoking on buses.
The environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition against the hunting of whales.
It’s my feeling that the money spent on drug prohibition would be better spent on information and education.

Question 29

reputation n

Answer 29

itibar
the opinion that people in general have about someone or something, or how much respect or admiration someone or something receives, based on past behaviour or character:
The company has a worldwide reputation for quality.
She has the reputation of being a good doctor.
His reputation was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money.
The hotel has a bad/good reputation.

Question 30

welfare n

Answer 30

yardım, refah
help given, especially by the state or an organization, to people who need it, especially because they do not have enough money:
Your taxes pay for welfare benefits such as unemployment and sickness pay.
UK After her month’s sick leave, she was summoned to see the company’s welfare officer

Question 31

wheat n

Answer 31

buğday

Question 32

frame v

Answer 32

çevrelemek, düzenlemek
to express something choosing your words carefully:
The interview would have been more productive if the questions had been framed more precisely.

Question 33

fund v n

Answer 33

finanse etmek
to provide the money to pay for an event, activity, or organization:
The company has agreed to fund my trip to Australia.
The new college is being privately funded (= money for it is not being provided from taxes).

Question 34

gear n

Answer 34

vites

Question 35

smash n v

Answer 35

paramparça etmek
to cause something to break noisily into a lot of small pieces:
Rioters ran through the city, smashing windows and looting shops.
She dropped her cup and watched it smash to pieces/to smithereens on the stone floor.

Question 36

threat n v

Answer 36

tehtit etmek
a suggestion that something unpleasant or violent will happen, especially if a particular action or order is not followed:
[ + to infinitive ] Her parents carried out their threat to take away her mobile phone if her grades didn’t improve.
The threat of jail failed to deter him from petty crime.
Drunken drivers pose a serious threat (= cause a lot of harm) to other road users.
He says he’ll tell the authorities but it’s just an empty threat (= it will not happen).

Question 37

tray n

Answer 37

tepsi

Question 38

trunk n

Answer 38

gövde

Question 39

smooth adj

Answer 39

düz