LE1 PMP (2026) Flashcards by

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of Prehistoric Life?
A. Nomadic
B. No concept of public health and hygiene
C. Period before information was recorded
D. Women lived longer than Men

Nomadic

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Which of the following is NOT a task of a shaman?
A. Carry out rudimentary surgery.
B. Cast spells and charms.
C. Gather plant-based medications.
D. Go to the river and expel evil substance

Go to the river and expel evil substance

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Diet that according to anthropologists that can increase neural expansion, increase brain size and reduce the size of the gastrointestinal tract.
A. DASH Diet
B. Keto Diet
C. Low-Carb Diet
D. Paleolithic Diet

Paleolithic Diet

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In the primitive medicine which of the following medicinal plants is used as a laxative?
A. Birch Polypore
B. Chamomile
C. Rosemary
D. Yarrow

Birch Polypore

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A surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull.
A. Amputation
B. Circumcision
C. Dissection
D. Trepanation

Trepanation

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Which of the following is NOT a task of a shaman?
A. Carry out rudimentary surgery.
B. Cast spells and charms.
C. Gather plant-based medications.
D. Go to the river and expel evil substance.

Go to the river and expel evil substance

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Which of the following practitioners excelled with incantations used for spelling demons?
A. Ashipu
B. Asu
C. Ouack
D. Shaman

Ashipu

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A healer who treats an injury or an illness empirically.
A. Ashipu
B. Asu
C. Ouack
D. Shaman

Asu

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In the Ancient Indian Medicine, the treatment annihilates dangerous doshas, which can cause life-threatening illnesses.
A. Agadatantra
B. Shamana Chikitsa
C. Shodhana
D. Vajikaranatantra

Shodhana

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Rejuvenation and tonics for increasing lifespan, intellect and strength.
A. Agadatantra
B. Bhutavidy;
C. Rasavanatantra
D. Vaiikaranatantra

Rasavanatantra

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Pacification of possessing spirits, and the people who are affected by such possession.
A. Agadatantra
B. Bhutavidy;
C. Rasavanatantra
D. Vaiikaranatantra

Bhutavidy;

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In Ancient Indian Medicine these are known as the surgical techniques and extraction of foreign objects.
A. Kavacikitsa
B. Khaumara-bhitya
C. Salyantantra
D. Salasvatanta

Salyantantra

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Which of the following is NOT TRUE of Traditional Chinese Medicine?
A. Healers seek to restore he balance of yin and yang
B. Understanding the body’s “qi”
C. The science of life
D. The traditional treatment method in China

The science of life

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In the Traditional Chinese Medicine, this detailed the body’s anatomy and functions, the blood and circulation, physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment, acupuncture and moxibustion and the use of ethnopharmacology.
A. Chinese Materia Medica
B. Huang Ti Nei Ching
C. Gua sha
D. Tai chi

Huang Ti Nei Ching

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It is a form of treatment wherein it applies pressure in certain points that is thought to improve the flow of Qi, thereby improving health?
A. Acupuncture
B. Cupping
C. Die-da
D. Gua sha

Acupuncture

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In Ancient Egyptian Medicine, this deals with women’s health and gynecological diseases, fertility, pregnancy, contraception and others.
A. Hearst Medical Papyrus
B. Kahun Gynecological Papyrus
C. The Ebers
D. The Edwin Smith Papyrus

Kahun Gynecological Papyrus

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In Greek medicine they believe that illness as an imbalance in the 4 humors of the body. Which of the following will NOT be considered?
A. Choleric
B. Green Bile
C. Phlegmatic
D. Sanguine

Green Bile

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He is the father of medicine and founder of first medical school?
A. Alameon
B. Hippocrates
C. Phytagoras
D. Imhotep

Hippocrates

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An ethical code of principles adopted as a guide to conduct by the medical profession.
A. Charaka Samhita
B. Code of Hammurabi
C. Hearst Medical Papyrus
D. Hippocratic Oath

Hippocratic Oath

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In Rome which of the following is NOT part of the public health and facilities?
A. Aqueducts
B. Consultation Clinics
C. Public bath houses
D. The Sewage system

Consultation Clinics

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The Greek philosopher and physician who introduced the concepts of history taking, physical diagnosis, physiology, pathology, and surgery among many others
A. Asclepius
B. Galen
C. Hippocrates
D. Hygeia

Hippocrates

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The Greek physician who promoted logical approach to diagnosis and prognosis through his extensive writings disseminated at the time of the Roman empire
A. Erasistratus
B. Galen
C. Herophilus
D. Hippocrates

Galen

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The Greek physician who shifted the paradigm from theocratic medicine to rational medicine
A. Erasistratus
B. Galen
C. Herophilus
D. Hippocrates

Galen

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Hippocrates promoted the holistic concept for diagnosis and treatment of disease with:
A. the scientific knowledge of that time with
B. emotional compassion and prayer
C. with physical exercise
D. A and C
E. All of the above

with physical exercise

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This great contribution of the Arab world during the Middle Ages enabled the preservation of science for the following centuries. This important step led to the development of European Medicine. A. The publication of the Hippocratic corpus B. The establishment of asclepieion in the Middle East as healing places C. Galen's translation of the Hippocratic corpus from Greek to Arabic D. Graeco-Arabic transfer of medical knowledge

Graeco-Arabic transfer of medical knowledge

The Asclepieion was an ancient healing temple that incorporates treatment techniques that are still very much useful today such as A. Herbal medicines B. Use of essential oils C. Physiotherapy D. Overnight stay for rest and relaxation

Physiotherapy

The reintroduction of the Hippocratic oath after the horrors of human experimentation by the Nazi physicians has led to: A. calls physicians to a higher ethical standard than that of society in general B. medicine's responsibilities to public health and social justice C. pleas to be respectful of the diversity of perspectives on faith and belief D. the consideration of sociopolitical pressures on medical advancements E. Option 2

calls physicians to a higher ethical standard than that of society in general

“What I may see or hear in the course of the treatment or even outside of the treatment in regard to the life of men, which on no account one must spread abroad, I will keep to myself, holding such things shameful to be spoken about." (identify the principle behind the parts of the Classical version of the Hippocratic oath) A. patient's dignity B. data privacy C. shared decision making D. physician's conscience

data privacy

“Whatever houses I may visit, I will come for the benefit of the sick, remaining free of all intentional injustice, of all mischief and in particular of sexual relations with both female and male persons, be they free or slaves." (identify the principle behind the parts of the Classical version of the Hippocratic oath) A. Practicing medicine for the benefit of the sick precludes any personal, political, or moral judgment as to the worthiness of the patient to be healed B. keep own life pure and saint; C. keep medical profession pure and saint; D. act only for the Good, upon own critical knowledge and own responsibility;

Practicing medicine for the benefit of the sick precludes any personal, political, or moral judgment as to the worthiness of the patient to be healed

I will not use the knife, even upon those suffering from stones, but I will leave this to those who are trained in this craft. (identify the principle behind the parts of the Classical version of the Hippocratic oath) A. withdraw in favor of others when they are more expert B. remaining involved and accessible, even after referral to a specialist C. reminding doctors to "use their power wisely" D. shared decision making

withdraw in favor of others when they are more expert

"To hold him who has taught me this art as equal to my parents and to live my life in partnership with him, and if he is in need of money to give him a share of mine" (identify the principle behind the parts of the Classical version of the Hippocratic oath) A. Protect another physician at all costs B. Loyalty to fellow doctors through teamwork C. Honor thy teacher and professional courtesy D. Fellow physicians seeking consultation must always be free of charge

Honor thy teacher and professional courtesy

"I will apply, for the benefit of the sick, all measures which are required, avoiding those twin traps of ?” (fill in the blanks on the Modern version of the Hippocratic oath) A. Abortion and euthanasia B. Overtreatment and therapeutic nihilism C. Advanced medical technologies and medical conservatism D. Perverse incentives and medical entrepreneurship

Overtreatment and therapeutic nihilism

“I will remember that there is art to medicine as well as science, and that______ may outweigh the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug." (fill in the blanks on the Modern version of the Hippocratic oath) A. warmth, sympathy, and understanding B. expertise, knowledge, and collaboration C. experience, skills, and perseverance D. Cure, relief, and comfort

warmth, sympathy, and understanding

"I will not be ashamed to say_____ nor will I fail to call in my colleagues when the skills of another are needed for a patient's recovery." (fill in the blanks on the Modern version of the Hippocratic oath) A. "I know everything" B. "I know not" C. "I am the best" D. “I cannot cure you”

"I know not"

"But it may also be within my power to take a life; this awesome responsibility must be faced with great___and ____ must not play at God." (fill in the blanks on the Modern version of the Hippocratic oath) A. Honor and pride B. Professionalism and excellence C. Compassion and honesty D. humility and awareness of my own frailty

humility and awareness of my own frailty

Josef Mengele was a German officer and physician in Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II. There he saw the opportunity to conduct genetic research on human subjects through human experimentation with twins.. Dr. Mengele violated this oath A. I will apply measures for the benefit of the sick according to my ability and judgment B. I will prevent disease whenever I can, for prevention is preferable to cure. C. I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody if asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to this effect. D. I will remember that there is art to medicine as well as science

I will apply measures for the benefit of the sick according to my ability and judgment

Mr. J is a 85 y/o female with stage IV breast cancer. She has been bedridden for 6 months already. She was admitted for sensorial changes and was diagnosed to have multiple brain and bone metastasis. She eventually became comatose and placed on mechanical ventilation. The past few months has put a tremendous strain on the family's finances. They were advised to undergo stem cell therapy and surgery. The physician in this case has violated his oath A. To adhere to non-maleficence B. To protect social justice C. To avoid therapeutic nihilism (undertreatment) D. To avoid overtreatment

To avoid overtreatment

Kaye, a first year surgery resident is excited to be performing her first appendectomy. The anesthesiology resident takes his picture during the operation. Afterwards, he decided to post this picture in his Facebook page without the patient's consent. Kaye violated this oath-- A. Full informed consent B. Patient privacy and confidentiality C. Patient autonomy D. Social injustice

Patient privacy and confidentiality

Mr, Boying, a 58 year old male, heavy smoker was admitted due severe back pain after a ground level fall. On work up, it was discovered that he had vertebral fractures from bone metastasis. He was diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. His physician did not disclose his diagnosis upon the wishes of his wife and siblings. Which of the following aspect of the Hippocratic Oath did Mr. Boying's physician violate? A. Full informed consent B. Patient privacy and confidentiality C. Patient autonomy D. Social injustice

Patient autonomy

Fill in the blanks: "To __ sometimes, to_ often, to _ always" A. Relieve, comfort, cure B. Comfort, relieve, cure C. Cure, comfort, relieve D. Cure, relieve, comfort

Cure, relieve, comfort

According to Galen and Hippocrates, the human body is made up of which of the following element A. Earth B. Phlegm C. Blood D. Bile

Earth

This is one of the most common European medical practitioners of the Middle Ages and was in charge of taking care of soldiers. A. Barber-Surgeon B. Plague Doctor C. Physician D. Wise woman

Barber-Surgeon

This profession refers to someone who formulates and dispenses maternal medica A. Physician B. Barber-Surgeon C. Plague Doctor D. Apothecary

Barber-Surgeon

The first to be contacted by the poor in the 15th century and used herbal medicines A. Physician B. Plague Doctor C. Wise woman D. Barber-surgeon

Wise woman

The following were used by physicians of the 15th century in diagnosing illnesses except: A. Examination of the feces B. Palpation C. Feeling of the pulse D. Observation

Examination of the feces

Which of the following is believed to have the greatest influence in bodily fluids A. Sun B. Stars C. Moon D. Asteroids

Moon

This chart determines when to do bloodletting in sick patients A. Astronomy Chart B. Zodiac Chart C. Astrology Chart D. Solar Chart

Zodiac Chart

This was used in treating venomous wounds A. Myrrh B. Rose C. Lavender D. Mint

Mint

The century called as the Age of Reason A. 15th B. 16th C. 17th D. 18th

16th

Chemical elixirs used to treat patients in the 16th century may contain the following: A. Gold B. Arsenic C. Mercury D. Silver

Mercury

This disease leaves the face and limbs covered with pockmarks A. Rubeola B. Typhoid C. Varicella D. Variola

Variola

Use of tourniquet A. Ambroise Pare B. Andreas Vesalius C. Giovanni Borelli D. Santorio Santorio E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Ambroise Pare A. Ambroise Pare : tourniquet B. Andreas Vesalius : public dissection D. Santorio Santorio : thermometer E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek : Father of Microbiology

Father of Microbiology A. Ambroise Pare B. Andreas Vesalius C. Giovanni Borelli D. Santorio Santorio E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Anton van Leeuwenhoek A. Ambroise Pare : tourniquet B. Andreas Vesalius : public dissection D. Santorio Santorio : thermometer E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek : Father of Microbiology

Invented the thermometer A. Ambroise Pare B. Andreas Vesalius C. Giovanni Borelli D. Santorio Santori E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Santorio Santori A. Ambroise Pare : tourniquet B. Andreas Vesalius : public dissection D. Santorio Santorio : thermometer E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek : Father of Microbiology

Performed the public dissection of a notorious felon A. Ambroise Pare B. Andreas Vesalius C. Giovanni Borelli D. Santorio Santorio E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Andreas Vesalius A. Ambroise Pare : tourniquet B. Andreas Vesalius : public dissection D. Santorio Santorio : thermometer E. Anton van Leeuwenhoek : Father of Microbiology

Humor believed to be derived from the brain A. Sanguine B. Phlegmatic C. Melancholic D. Choleric

Phlegmatic A. Sanguine : heart B. Phlegmatic : brain C. Melancholic : spleen D. Choleric : liver

Humor believed to be derived from the heart A. Sanguine B. Phlegmatic C. Melancholic D. Choleric

Sanguine A. Sanguine : heart B. Phlegmatic : brain C. Melancholic : spleen D. Choleric : liver

Humor believed to be derived from liver A. Sanguine B. Phlegmatic C. Melancholic D. Choleric

Choleric A. Sanguine : heart B. Phlegmatic : brain C. Melancholic : spleen D. Choleric : liver

Humor believed to be derived from the spleen A. Sanguine B. Phlegmatic C. Melancholic D. Choleric

Melancholic A. Sanguine : heart B. Phlegmatic : brain C. Melancholic : spleen D. Choleric : liver

The following were treatment practices in the 16th century except? A. Dietary restriction B. Exercise C. Aromatherapy D. Cinchona E. None of the above

None of the above

The king believed to have the "royal touch" and heal people with tuberculosis A. King Charles I B. King Charles II C. King Edward I

King Charles II

This disease is composed of sore throat, fever, headaches, swollen lymph nodes and a sandpaper rash A. Measles B. Typhus fever C. Scarlet fever D. Small pox

Scarlet fever

English physician responsible for understanding of blood circulation A. William Harvey B. Andrea Cesalpino C. Paracelsus D. Matteo Colombo

William Harvey

Studied lung diseases specifically silicosis A. William Harvey B. Andrea Cesalpino C. Paracelsus

Paracelsus

Used as an antiseptic in wounds A. Mint B. Myrrh C. Lavender D. Sage

Myrrh

He drew up a health report that outlined the public health needs for the state of Massachusetts A. John Snow B. Lemuel Shattuck C. Edward Jenner D. Louis Pasteur

Lemuel Shattuck A. John Snow: miasma theory B. Lemuel Shattuck: Massachusetts D. Robert Koch: microbe, and no other, causes a particular disease C. Walter Reed: yellow fever

These are the plagues of the 19th century EXCEPT: A. Dysentery B. Yellow fever C. Typhus D. Cholera

Dysentery

He disproved the miasma theory A. John Snow B. Edward Jenner C. Louis Pasteur D. Robert Koch

John Snow A. John Snow: miasma theory B. Lemuel Shattuck: Massachusetts D. Robert Koch: microbe, and no other, causes a particular disease C. Walter Reed: yellow fever

He developed the criteria and procedures necessary to establish that a particular microbe, and no other, causes a particular disease A. John Snow B. Edward Jenner C. Louis Pasteur D. Robert Koch

Robert Koch A. John Snow: miasma theory B. Lemuel Shattuck: Massachusetts D. Robert Koch: microbe, and no other, causes a particular disease C. Walter Reed: yellow fever

Among the contributions of Louis Pasteur A. Process of preventing spoilage from milk and other goods B. Spontaneous generation C. Germ theory of disease D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

Important contribution of Dr John Snow A. He helped interrupt cholera epidemic by removing the pump handle in Broad street B. He inoculated a boy with material from a cowpox pustule C. He postulated that life arose from nonliving matter D. He established that a particular microbe causes a particular disease

He helped interrupt cholera epidemic by removing the pump handle in Broad street

This surgeon disproved the bacterial theory as a cause of yellow fever A. Robert Koch B. Louis Pasteur C. Walter Reed D. Edward Jenner

Walter Reed A. John Snow: miasma theory B. Lemuel Shattuck: Massachusetts D. Robert Koch: microbe, and no other, causes a particular disease C. Walter Reed: yellow fever

The perforations seen in the eyeball sockets is a sign of: A. Iron deficiency anemia B. Rickets C. Thiamine deficiency D. Yellow fever

Iron deficiency anemia

This disfiguring and fatal disease was an important epidemic until the 1800's: A. Yellow fever B. Typhus C. Varicella D. Variola

Variola

The cause of this condition (image) is: A. Too much intake of milk and meat B. Heavy work in harmful environment C. Corn as a staple diet D. Little exposure to sun

Corn as a staple diet

Emergence of lung diseases associated with work A. 16th Century B. 17th Century C. 18th Century D. 19th Century

18th Century

Major breakthrough of the 18th century A. Stride towards industrialization B. Laissez faire C. Variolation D. Creation of Municipal Board of Health

Variolation

The federal government's approach to health problems during this period was non-interference with transactions of private parties. A. 16th Century B. 17th Century C. 18th Century D. 19th Century

19th Century A. 16th Century Age of Reason B. 17th Century C. 18th Century Emergence of lung diseases associated with work First vaccination D. 19th Century The federal government's approach to health problems during this period was non-interference with transactions of private parties. Foundation of American Public Health Association use of Radiographs (X-rays) Beginning of modern era of public health

First vaccination A. 16th Century B. 17th Century C. 18th Century D. 19th Century

18th Century A. 16th Century Age of Reason B. 17th Century C. 18th Century Emergence of lung diseases associated with work First vaccination D. 19th Century The federal government's approach to health problems during this period was non-interference with transactions of private parties. Foundation of American Public Health Association use of Radiographs (X-rays) Beginning of modern era of public health

Foundation of American Public Health Association A. 16th Century B. 17th Century C. 18th Century D. 19th Century

19th Century A. 16th Century Age of Reason C. 18th Century Emergence of lung diseases associated with work First vaccination D. 19th Century The federal government's approach to health problems during this period was non-interference with transactions of private parties. Foundation of American Public Health Association use of Radiographs (X-rays) Beginning of modern era of public health

The Laguna Copper Plate Inscription (ICI), the earliest historical document in the country and also the only pre-Spanish document discovered so far, was discovered in Lumbang river in what province? A. Bicol B. Ilocos C. Laguna D. Bulacan

Laguna

Theory proposed by Henry Otley Beyer A. Migration Theory B. Evolution Theory C. Ice Age Theory D. Lost-Continent Theory

Migration Theory

Filipinos descended from different groups from Southeast Asia in successive waves of migration A. Migration Theory B. Evolution Theory C. Ice Age Theory D. Lost-Continent Theory

Migration Theory

Believes that Asians, including Filipinos are the result of a lengthy process of evolution and migration A. Migration Theory B. Evolution Theory C. Ice Age Theory D. Lost-Continent Theory

Evolution Theory

The use of Radiographs (X-rays) started in the _Century. A. 18th B. 19th C. 20th D. 21st

19th

The first epidemic experience during early American occupation that had a death rate of 90% A. Cholera Epidemic B. Beri-beri outbreak C. Small pox epidemic D. Flu epidemic

Cholera Epidemic

In 1919, the first Filipino Health Chief assumed office on January 1, 1919 and assumed many leadership positions as Filipinization gets implemeted A. Dr. Vicente De Jesus B. Dr. Paz Mendoza C. Dr. Fernando Calderon D. Dr. Sito Orosa

Dr. Vicente De Jesus

On August 16, 1912, this doctor performed the first caesarian section was in PGH A. Dr. Vicente De Jesus B. Dr. Paz Mendoza C. Dr. Fernando Calderon D. Dr. Sito Orosa

Dr. Fernando Calderon

His work remains to be the one of the greatest discoveries of all time for medicine and public health which led to the defeat of smallpox infection A. John Snow B. Lemuel Shattuck C. Edward Jenner D. Louis Pasteur

Edward Jenner

The biggest epidemics of the 19th century include the following EXCEPT: A. Dysentery B. Yellow fever C. Typhus D. Cholera

Dysentery

This surgeon disproved the bacterial theory as a cause of yellow fever A. Robert Koch B. Louis Pasteur C. Walter Reed D. Edward Jenner

Walter Reed

Beginning of modern era of public health A. 16th century B. 17th century C. 18th century D. 19th century

19th century

They are considered to be the first healers within the tribal communities of ancient Philippines A. Shaman B. Babaylan C. Medico D. Albularyo

Babaylan

In 1380, they arrived at the Sulu Archipelago and established settlements which became mini-states ruled by a Datu A. Muslim Arabs B. Japanese C. Chinese D. Americans

Muslim Arabs

In the 1400's, they also established a trading post at Aparri in Northern Luzon A. Japanese B. Muslim Arabs C. Japanese D. Chinese

Japanese

These were first recorded by Fr. Blas de la Madre de Dios, OF M through his book Tratado de Medicina Domestica (Treatise on Domestic Medicine) A. plant medicines in the Philippines B. Babaylan in the Philippines C. Ancient Rituals in the Philippines D. All of the above

plant medicines in the Philippines

Contributory to the difficulty finding evidences nor documentations of Medicine in the Precolonial Period in the Philippines A. Record-keeping was miles behind China B. Our ancestors used anything they could get their hands on as their writing pad (leaves, bamboo tubes, bark of trees, etc) C. Pointed weapons or saps of trees served as their ink D. All of the above

All of the above

In 1906, segregation was done by establishing a Leper colony in which province? A. Culion, Palawan B. Santo Tomas, Batangas C. Jolo, Sulu D. Batac, Ilocos Norte

Culion, Palawan

In 1911, this outbreak was confirmed to be caused by continuous eating of polished rice as a staple food A. Cholera outbreak B. Beri-beri outbreak C. Small pox epidemic D. Flu epidemic

Beri-beri outbreak

In 1918 to 1920, this epidemic occurred and which killed 72,000 Filipinos A. Cholera outbreak B. Beri-beri outbreak C. Small pox epidemic D. Flu epidemic

Small pox epidemic