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4th Principles of Medical Practice Exam (Batch 2024) Flashcards

1
Q

1.In ethics of Hospice and Palliative care, which pertains to: Live as comfortably as possible?
A. Definition of hospice care
B. Definition of palliative care
C. Goal of hospice
D. Goal of palliative care

A

Goal of hospice

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2
Q

2.In ethics of Hospice and Palliative care, which is Not restricted to those who are dying
A. Definition of hospice care
B. Definition of palliative care
C. Goal of hospice
D. Goal of palliative care

A

Definition of palliative care

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3
Q

3.In ethics of Hospice and Palliative care, which pertains to: Improve quality of life, not hasten death
A. Definition of hospice care
B. Definition of palliative care
C. Goal of hospice
D. Goal of palliative

A

Goal of hospice

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4
Q

4.In ethics of Hospice and Palliative care, which pertains to: Care when curative measures are no longer beneficial
B. Definition of hospice care
C. Definition of palliative care
D. Goal of hospice
E. Goal of palliative care

A

Definition of hospice care

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5
Q

5.In ethics of Hospice and Palliative care, which is a broader model of care?
A. Definition of hospice care
B. Definition of palliative care
C. Goal of hospice
D. Goal of palliative care

A

Definition of palliative care

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6
Q
  1. This basic bioethical principle states that it is the physician’s obligation to give highest priority to his patient’s welfare or best interest, and provide competent health care that maximizes health benefits for the patient
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

B. Principle of Beneficence

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7
Q
  1. This basic bioethical principle requires the physician to prevent or minimize harm to patients in the course of physician-patient interaction, and recommends treatment option which poses minimal or no harm to his patients.
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

A. Principle of Non-Maleficence

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8
Q
  1. This basic bioethical principle requires the physician to respect the rights of patients to make independent decisions as an expression of their self-determination.
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy

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9
Q
  1. Persons knowing the dangers of smoking choose to smoke in public. An ordinance is passed prohibiting smoking in public. What bioethical principle is applicable in this case?
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

A. Principle of Non-Maleficence

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10
Q
  1. This principle underlies Allocation and distribution of Resources, and the concept of the Right to Health Care.
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

D. Principle of Justice

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11
Q
  1. This principle is the basis for Standard of Care. It reaffirms the need for competence and emphasizes risks and benefits. Thru this principle, the definitions of “negligence”, “malpractice”, “physician’s error” and “medical mistakes” are based.
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

A. Principle of Non-Maleficence

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12
Q
  1. The central element in the formulation of patients’ rights.
    A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
    B. Principle of Beneficence
    C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
    D. Principle of Justice
A

C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy

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13
Q

13.Following a vehicular accident, a tracheotomy is performed to provide an airway for a seriously injured unconscious patient without waiting for his consent. What principle is applicable in this
case?
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

B. Principle of Beneficence

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14
Q

14.Following a vehicular accident, a tracheotomy is performed to provide an airway for a seriously injured unconscious patient without waiting for his consent.
A. Violation of the principle of autonomy
B. Not a violation of the principle of
autonomy
C. Not related to autonomy at all
D. A violation but not related autonomy

A

B. Not a violation of the principle of
autonomy

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15
Q

15.Mr. Cruz knowing the dangers of smoking,
chooses to smoke in public. An ordinance is
passed prohibiting smoking in public.
A. Violation of the principle of autonomy
B. Not a violation of the principle of
autonomy
C. Not related to autonomy at all
D. A violation but not related autonomy

A

B. Not a violation of the principle of
autonomy

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16
Q

16.Louie is about to fail in his subject and was informed that if he joins a research, he will pass.
Louie joined the research.
A. Violation of the principle of autonomy
B. Not a violation of the principle of autonomy
C. Not related to autonomy at all
D. A violation but not related autonomy

A

A. Violation of the principle of autonomy

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17
Q

17.A father is asked to donate his kidney to his
only daughter with end stage renal disease.
A. Violation of the principle of autonomy
B. Not a violation of the principle of autonomy
C. Not related to autonomy at all
D. A violation but not related autonomy

A

A. Violation of the principle of autonomy

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18
Q

18.This study became the basis of the Belmont
report
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)

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19
Q

19.This study became the basis of beneficence/maleficence
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)

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20
Q

20.This research involves children from a State
School of Mentally Challenged Children in New
York where children were intentionally infected
with the Hepatitis virus
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

C. Willowbrook study (1963)

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21
Q

21.This research involves administering
incremental “electric shocks” to a study
respondent upon giving the wrong answer
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)

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22
Q

22.This research involved observing men having
brief, impersonal sexual encounters with samesex
partners in public restrooms
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

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23
Q

23.This research delved into the extent study
participants would go to perform their “duty”
even if it involved harming another person
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)

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24
Q

24.This research revealed important information
about homosexuality and sexual behavior in
public places
A. Tuskegee syphilis study (1932-1972)
B. Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience
(1963)
C. Willowbrook study (1963)
D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

A

D. Tearoom Trade study (1965)

Stanley Milgram experiment of obedience (1963) is the study
that became the basis of beneficence / maleficence.
The Milgram experiment on obedience to authority figures
was a series of social psychology experiments conducted
by Yale University psychologist Stanley Milgram.

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25
Q
  1. He had the major contribution in the discovery of small pox vaccine
    A. Edward Jenner
    B. Robert Ferryman
    C. Walter Reed
    D. Richard Strong
A

A. Edward Jenner

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26
Q
  1. The healthy 8-year old child deliberately injected with cowpox then with smallpox three months later. This child served as an instrument in the eventual discovery of smallpox vaccine
    A. Sarah Nelmes
    B. James Philipps
    C. Walter Reed
    D. Robert Ferryman
A

B. James Philipps

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27
Q
  1. In the1900s, his study on yellow fever among Spanish immigrant workers in Cuba originated the informed consent
    A. Edward Jenner
    B. Josef Mengele
    C. Walter Reed
    D. Richard Strong
A

C. Walter Reed

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28
Q
  1. The former head of the Philippine Biological Laboratory responsible for the death of 13 Bilibid Prison inmates on death row who were experimented on with cholera serum contaminated with bubonic plague
    A. Edward Jenner
    B. Josef Mengele
    C. Walter Reed
    D. Richard Strong
A

D. Richard Strong

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29
Q
  1. Who was known as the “Angel of Death” who experimented on twins selected for ‘controlled’ studies where only one twin was deliberately infected with an infectious disease but both ending up being autopsied?
    A. Edward Jenner
    B. Josef Mengele
    C. Walter Reed
    D. Richard Strong
A

B. Josef Mengele

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30
Q
  1. This resulted as an outcome from the trials of leading Nazi German physicians and administrators who were tried for conspiracy, war crimes, crimes against humanity and membership in criminal organization
    A. The Nuremberg Code
    B. Declaration of Helsinki
    C. Belmont Report
    D. National Ethical Guidelines
A

A. The Nuremberg Code

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31
Q
  1. This expanded the ten (10) Nuremberg Principles
    A. Research Ethics Guidelines
    B. Declaration of Helsinki
    C. Belmont Report
    D. National Ethical Guidelines
A

B. Declaration of Helsinki

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32
Q
  1. This includes guidance for doctors doing research on their patients. These guidelines are not present in the Nuremberg Code
    A. Research Ethics Guidelines
    B. Declaration of Helsinki
    C. Belmont Report
    D. National Ethical Guidelines
A

B. Declaration of Helsinki

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33
Q

33.Protecting the clinical data of a research falls under which basic ethical principle?
A. Respect for Persons
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Non-Maleficence

A

A. Respect for Persons

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34
Q

34.The use of placebo in a research is allowed in which situation/s?
A. When it can be compared to the gold standard
B. When there is no known treatment available
C. When there is an existing effective treatment for study participants
D. All of the above

A

B. When there is no known treatment available

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35
Q
  1. This entails that the standard of care should be the same in all countries.
    A. Distributive Justice
    B. Compensatory Justice
    C. Reciprocal Justice
    D. All of the above
A

A. Distributive Justice

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36
Q

36.The doctrine of informed consent has limited direct application to children and adolescents.
- True
- False

A

TRUE

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37
Q

37.The pediatric ethics require pediatricians to override a child’s dissent when a proposed intervention is essential to his welfare
- True
- False

A

TRUE

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38
Q

38.Pediatrics bioethics is autonomy driven
- True
- False

A

FALSE

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39
Q

39.A seventeen year old female can already give and informed consent
- True
- False

A

FALSE

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40
Q

40.Brokering that involves payment promotion of altruistic donation of human cells, tissues or organs by means of advertisement or public appeal may be undertaken in accordance with domestic regulation.
- True
- False

A

TRUE

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41
Q

41.Minors can be forced to donate donors by informed consent of their parents
- True
- False

42
Q

42.All transplantation procedures are open for scrutiny
- True
- False

43
Q

43.Benefits are only felt by the recipients not by the donors. True False

44
Q
  1. The organization and execution of donation and transplantation activities can be published - True
    - False
45
Q
  1. The goal of palliative care is the achievement of a longer life for patients
    - True
    - False
46
Q

46.Many aspects of palliative care are also applicable earlier in the course of the illness, in conjunction with anticancer treatment
- True
- False

47
Q

47.Palliative Care neither hastens nor postpones death
- True
- False

48
Q

48.Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery have a place in palliative care
- True
- False

49
Q

49.Hospice Care cannot happen in the hospital - True
- False

50
Q

50.In Palliative Care, investigative procedures are kept to a minimum
- True
- False

51
Q

51.For mild to moderate pain, opioids are the drug of choice
- True
- False

52
Q

52.Parenteral feeding is preferred in palliative care when anorexia is present
- True
- False

53
Q

53.Antibiotics are contraindicated in patients who can no longer be cured
- True
- False

54
Q

54.Third’s solution is used for the treatment of dyspnea
- True
- False

55
Q

55.An assent is best obtained from?
A. 10 month old infant
B. 6 year old boy
C. 4 year old girl
D. 16 year old girl

A

D. 16 year old girl

56
Q
  1. In Pediatrics Bioethics, autonomy driven framework of adult medical ethics is replaced by:
    A. Beneficient paternalism
    B. Informed Consent
    C. Assent
    D. Dissent
A

A. Beneficient paternalism

57
Q
  1. This refers to a child’s affirmative agreement to a procedure or treatment
    A. Dissent
    B. Assent
    C. Informed Consent
    D. Disagreement
58
Q
  1. Pediatrics Bioethics is unique because of the fiduciary obligation for the best interest of the child which depends on:
    A. Relatives
    B. Pediatricians
    C. Parents
    D. Grandparents
A

B. Pediatricians

59
Q

59.Capacity for informed decision making in healthcare involves which of the following? A. Ability to reason B. Ability to read C. Ability to write D. Ability to argue

A

A. Ability to reason

60
Q

60.What should physicians do when they override the dissent of a child?
A. Explain the procedure to the patient child
B. Apologize to the patient child
C. Reason out to the patient child
D. Ignore the patient child

A

B. Apologize to the patient child

61
Q
  1. Suzy, a 17-year-old girl had many sexual partners and was infected recently with a sexually transmitted disease. She begged you not to tell her parents about her illness. Choose the best decision for this scenario.
    A. You will not tell her parents
    B. You will tell her parents in secret
    C. You will tell her parents only after informing her
    D. You will tell her parents immediately
A

C. You will tell her parents only after informing her

62
Q
  1. Jess, a 14-year-old patient diagnosed to have osteosarcoma on his right leg needed an amputation, however he expressed that he would rather die than go through the procedure.
    A. Proceed with the procedure immediately even without his assent
    B. Let the parents decide themselves
    C. Request a family conference to discuss his diagnosis and procedure
    D. Ask them to transfer to another institution
A

C. Request a family conference to discuss his diagnosis and procedure

63
Q
  1. According to the WHO Guiding Principles, cells, tissues and organs may be removed from the bodies of deceased persons for the purpose of transplantation
    A. His daughter gave her consent for donation
    B. The medical director gave his consent for donation
    B. The common law husband gave his consent for the donation
    D. His best friend who was with him during the accident gave his consent
A

A. His daughter gave her consent for donation

64
Q
  1. Which is true regarding the donation of organs by living minors?
    A. There are narrow exceptions to donations
    B. They can never donate
    C. Parents can give their consent for donation regardless of the minors’ assent
    D. All of the above
A

A. There are narrow exceptions to donations

65
Q
  1. According to WHO’s guiding principles, allocation rules, defined by appropriately constituted committees should be
    A. Equitable and justified
    B. Secretive and equitable
    C. Justified and secretive
    D. None of the above
A

A. Equitable and justified

66
Q

66.A person living with schizophrenia cannot donate his organs based on which guiding principle?
A. Guiding Principle 1
B. Guiding Principle 2
C. Guiding Principle 3
D. Guiding Principle 4

A

C. Guiding Principle 3

67
Q

67.Which of the guiding principles is violated when a physician determining that a potential donor has died was directly involved in an organ transplant?
A. Guiding Principle 1
B. Guiding Principle 2
C. Guiding Principle 3
D. Guiding Principle 4

A

B. Guiding Principle 2

68
Q
  1. Missing.
69
Q

69.Luxurious gifts to physicians and other healthcare providers involved in the transplant is a violation of which guiding principle?
A. Guiding Principle 5
B. Guiding Principle 6
C. Guiding Principle 7
D. Guiding Principle 8

A

D. Guiding Principle 8

70
Q

70.This Guiding Principle pertains to Protection of donors
A. Guiding Principle 7
B. Guiding Principle 8
C. Guiding Principle 9
D. Guiding Principle 10

A

D. Guiding Principle 10

71
Q

71.In all professional relationships between a physician and a patient,
A. The physician’s primary concern must be to pursue scientific knowledge
B. The physician does not owe the patient primary allegiance
C. Care must be taken to protect the rights of both the donor and the recipient
D. A prospective organ transplant offers justification for a relaxation of the usual standard of medical care for the potential donor

A

C. Care must be taken to protect the rights of both the donor and the recipient

72
Q

72.Catherine is a 10-year-old female suffering from an End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and needed a kidney transplant in order to live a full life ahead. Her father, a Police Officer, and mother, a Professor in a Medical School, tried their best to get a donor for Catherine. Who among these healthy volunteers is the most suitable kidney donor for Catherine?
A. A prison detainee who wishes to turn over a new leaf
B. A medical student who is full of compassion
C. Her 12-year old sister who loves her sibling so much
D. A distant spinster relative working as househelper for their family

A

D. A distant spinster relative working as househelper for their family

73
Q

73.Which of the following statements is/are true?
A. No cells, tissues or organs should be removed from the body of a living minor for the purpose of transplantation at any circumstances
B. The minor’s assent should always be obtained before donation
C. The transplantation guidelines applicable to minors also applies to any legally incompetent person
D. All of the above

A

C. The transplantation guidelines applicable to minors also applies to any legally incompetent person

74
Q

74.In the organization and execution of donation and transplantation activities, the following are observed except
A. The clinical results of the transplantation must be transparent and open to scrutiny
B. The identity of the donors can be revealed to the public in the spirit of transparency
C. The personal anonymity and privacy of donors must be ensured
D. The identity of the recipients of the donated organs must always be protected

A

B. The identity of the donors can be revealed to the public in the spirit of transparency

75
Q

75.Lola Basyang received an organ donation from her caretaker, Seri, who refuses to receive any payment for her good deed. In return for her volunteerism, the family matriach wishes to repay Seri, but it has to be in accordance to the ethical guidelines of organ transplantation. What should Lola Basyang do?
A. Lola Basyang will pay for the tuition fees of all of Seri’s broods as payment for her organ donation
B. Lola Basyang will pay Seri an amount equivalent to her daily wages for the length of time she is absent from work while still recuperating
C. Both A & B are true
D. None of the above are correct

A

B. Lola Basyang will pay Seri an amount equivalent to her daily wages for the length of time she is absent from work while still recuperating

76
Q

76.In which of the following cases can we legally break the principle of confidentiality?
A. You medically treated a public official and deemed it necessary to divulge medical facts about the case since the nation needs to know
B. Patient who discloses to his doctor a plan to commit murderous acts on her relatives and neighbors
C. A controversial promiscuous female superstar has AIDS and you call for a press conference to announce to the public that the patient is a dangerous woman
D. You intentionally left out vital medical information about a patient’s condition to avoid depression.

A

B. Patient who discloses to his doctor a plan to commit murderous acts on her relatives and neighbors

77
Q

77.An OB-gynecologist who suspects that she may have a serious infection that might be transferred to patients should voluntarily be tested and should avoid clinical situations that may lead to transfer of infection.
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of free and informed consent
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

A. Principle of Non-Maleficence

78
Q

78.This principle requires that all health care decisions must aim to promote human dignity, and result not only in physical health, but also satisfy the patient’s psychological, social, spiritual and cultural needs as an individual, and as member of the community he belongs.
A. Principle of human dignity
B. Principle of Totality
C. Principle of Stewardship
D. Principle of Double effect

A

A. Principle of human dignity

79
Q
  1. This principle requires that all persons should develop, use, care for and preserve all his physical functions in such a way that lower functions are never sacrificed, except for the better functioning of the whole person, or to preserve life
    A. Principle of Totality
    B. Principle of a well-formed conscience
    C. Principle of human dignity
    D. Principle of professional communication
A

A. Principle of Totality

80
Q
  1. This principle refers to actions which may have both good and bad effects, but the good effect is the primary outcome intended for the act, while the bad effect is just an inevitable, unintended, secondary outcome or effect.
    A. Principle of human dignity
    B. Principle of a well formed conscience
    C. Principle of free and informed consent
    D. Principle of Double effect
A

D. Principle of Double effect

81
Q
  1. This principle states that health professionals have ethical responsibilities to use intelligence and available technology to prevent and cure diseases
    A. Principle of Stewardship
    B. Principle of a well formed conscience
    C. Principle of human dignity
    D. Principle of professional communication
A

A. Principle of Stewardship

82
Q
  1. In cases of incompetent patients who cannot provide consent, who among the following shall be the appointed proxy decision-maker?
    A. Spouse
    B. Legal guardian
    C. Parents
    D. All of the above
A

D. All of the above

83
Q

83.A physician intervenes on behalf of saving a suicidal patient’s life or placing the patient in a protective environment, in the belief that the patient is compromised and cannot act in his own best interest at the moment.
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

B. Principle of Beneficence

84
Q

84.OB-gynecologists should offer or arrange for further opinion and/or ongoing care with another suitable physician if therapy required is beyond the individual OB GYN’s expertise or experience.
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of free and informed consent
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

A. Principle of Non-Maleficence

85
Q

85.A terminally ill patient diagnosed with stage 4 cervical cancer, and end stage renal failure due to cancer complications, has refused chemotherapy, after being thoroughly informed about the pros and cons of treatment.
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy

86
Q

86.An ER doctor does some emergency treatment for a patient who is massively bleeding due to a vehicular accident, despite recognizing the patient as the prime suspect in a recent multiple murder case.
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

B. Principle of Beneficence

87
Q

87.A General Practitioner humbly refers or transfers his patient under the care of a medical specialist, after conceding that he is not well-trained to competently perform an important surgical procedure
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

A. Principle of Non-Maleficence

88
Q

88.A doctor discloses all relevant information about a patient’s disease or medical condition, including a bad prognosis, and cost of treatment
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy

89
Q

89.A doctor chooses to grant priority kidney transplant to a young female patient who urgently needs renal transplant due to end stage renal disease secondary to an immunological condition, over an 85 year old woman, diagnosed with stage 4 kidney cancer with metastases to the brain, bedridden, and waiting for renal transplant for the past 3 years.
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

D. Principle of Justice

90
Q

90.An obstetrician-oncologist performs a radical hysterectomy on a pregnant patient G4P3 (3003), 16 weeks AOG, diagnosed with stage 2a cervical cancer, after fully explaining to the patient that a radical hysterectomy is the best mode of management for early stage cervical cancer.
A. Principle of Human Dignity
B. Principle of a Confidentiality
C. Principle of Totality
D. Principle of Double Effect

A

D. Principle of Double Effect

91
Q

91.A doctor acknowledges a patient’s refusal to undergo life saving blood transfusion because of religion (Jehovah’s witness)
A. Principle of human dignity
B. Principle of a well formed conscience
C. Principle of totality
D. Principle of confidentiality

A

A. Principle of human dignity

92
Q

92.A newborn needs blood transfusion as a life-saving measure. The Pediatrician informs the mother only as the father abandoned both mother and child. It so happened that the mother is a Jehovah’s Witness! She absolutely refuses blood transfusion of any form. If you were the Pediatrician what would you do?
A. Look for other relatives willing to sign the consent.
B. Just go ahead with the transfusion without the mother’s knowledge as it is life-saving.
C. Respect the religious background of the mother. If she refuses despite full disclosure of consequences and complications she still has the final say. Have her sign a waiver then
D. None of the above

A

C. Respect the religious background of the mother. If she refuses despite full disclosure of consequences and complications she still has the final say. Have her sign a waiver then

93
Q

93.An OB gynecologist decides to do emergency hysterectomy for an atonic uterus that caused massive postpartum bleeding, despite exhausting all medical management.
A. Principle of human dignity
B. Principle of a well formed conscience
C. Principle of totality
D. Principle of confidentiality

A

C. Principle of totality

94
Q

94.Pregnant women or women of reproductive age should be competent to make decisions about risks for potential teratogenicity, whether to participate in a clinical drug trial or not, after a thorough disclosure and explanation by the physician or research investigator.
A. Principle of beneficence
B. Principle of double effect
C. Principle of free and informed consent
D. Principle of totality

A

C. Principle of free and informed consent

95
Q

95.Women have the right to make choices about whether or not to reproduce. The husband’s consent is not necessary in the decision-making, but for family harmony, the husband’s opinion is taken into consideration
A. Principle of Non-Maleficence
B. Principle of Beneficence
C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy
D. Principle of Justice

A

C. Principle of Respect for Autonomy

96
Q

96.An 82-year old woman presents with a palpable breast mass. Biopsy reveals breast cancer. The patient is seen by a surgeon who tells her that she needs surgery, hands her a consent form, asks her to read and sign it, and leaves the examination room. The surgeon’s resident returns later to retrieve the signed form. What bioethical principle was violated in this case?
A. Respect for patient Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Non-maleficence

A

A. Respect for patient Autonomy

97
Q

97.Case: An 72-year old woman with metastatic colon cancer enrolls in a hospice program. She has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for ventricular arrhythmia. While in hospice care, she asks her cardiologist to turn off the ICD Question: The patient exercised her right for respect for patients’ Autonomy
- True
- False

98
Q

98.Case: An 72-year old woman with metastatic colon cancer enrolls in a hospice program. She has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for ventricular arrhythmia. While in hospice care, she asks her cardiologist to turn off the ICD Question: The clinician should continue the ICD for it can save the patients life
- True
- False

99
Q

99.Case: An 72-year old woman with metastatic colon cancer enrolls in a hospice program. She has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for ventricular arrhythmia. While in hospice care, she asks her cardiologist to turn off the ICD Question: The ethical principle of autonomy underlies the right to refuse, or request the withdrawal of, unwanted medical interventions
- True
- False

100
Q

100.Case: An 72-year old woman with metastatic colon cancer enrolls in a hospice program. She has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for ventricular arrhythmia. While in hospice care, she asks her cardiologist to turn off the ICD Question: If a clinician begins or continues an intervention that a patient has refused, legally the clinician is committing battery, regardless of intent
- True
- False

101
Q

101.Case: An 72-year old woman with metastatic colon cancer enrolls in a hospice program. She has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for ventricular arrhythmia. While in hospice care, she asks her cardiologist to turn off the ICD Question: Granting a patients refusal of, or request to withdraw, a medical intervention is the same as physician-assisted suicide (PAS) or euthanasia
- True
- False

102
Q

102.BONUS: What is the name of the cow from which a milkmaid named Sarah Nelmes caught cowpox?

PMP (8 decks)

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