Late Medieval Period Flashcards
What was the progression of the church’s response to dissention?
1- Preaching
2- Crusade -Innocent III against Cathars 1209-29
3- Inquisition -1199 innocents decretal - establishes the legal basis for the execution of heretics *Became acceptable to use force as opposed to preaching to illicit change
During the 13th century a new spirituality based on conformity to the earthly ministry of Jesus arose. What ‘two concepts… came to be regarded as the essence of Christianity’?
Poverty and Preaching -movements responded to the worldliness of the clergy and the restriction imposed on the laity by the ecclesial hierarchy
What are the three movements, in addition to the Mendicants, that the ‘ideal of the “apostolic life”’ gave rise to?
- Humiliati: purer moral life, not allowed to preach publicly and only in their communities
- Flagellants
- Waldensians
What did the Flagellants do to themselves and why?
Beat themselves until blood flowed in penitence
In whom was the penitential ideal exemplified and what were her extreme mortifications?
Margaret of Cortona
What were the three principal points that Peter Waldo/Valdes’s movement came to emphasize?
voluntary poverty, vernacular access to the Bible, public preaching
What teaching did the Cathars continue that ‘reached back to the Manichaeans’?
Dualism
Cathars/Albigensians
Cathari = “pure ones,” from Albi concerned with the worldliness of the church, led austere lives approved by many
Dualism: good v. evil = spirit vs. matter
What did the Cathars condemn and reject as a result of their dualism?
Material things, marriage, etc. Reject hell, purgatory, infant baptism, put down by church in 20 Year War
What was the historical significance (with regard to the inquisition) of the decretal issued by Innocent III in 1199?
-establishes the legal basis for execution of heretics
‘The religious experiences of many women, both those inside and those outside the church, shared certain features’ – what were they?
Shared religious experiences: asceticism, paranormal phenomena, visionary experiences
Important Women: Hadewijch from Flanders, Mechthild of Magdeburg, Margaret of Porette, Gertrude the Great; writing some of the earliest theological statements written in the vernacular
What was ‘the intermediate style of religious life’ formed by the Beguines?
Women - celibacy (but not life long commitment), retained use of property, some lived in community and some in nomadic lifestyle
What did Joachim of Fiore’s ‘Trinitarian periodization of history’ fuel?
-eschatological expectations
What idea emerged during the 12th to 14th centuries ‘in circles influenced by Joachim, Olivi, and the Spiritual Franciscans’?
- the church had fallen into corruption and the was a need to restore apostolic practice
How did events of Kublai Khan’s life signal ‘the beginning of the collapse of the Church of the East’?
Kublai Khan: marked the decline of the church in the east, by 14th century all had converted to Islam
