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N104 > Late Adult II > Flashcards

Late Adult II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the goals of the aging adult regarding wellness?

A

to grow old and enjoy good health and functioning

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2
Q

What are some coping strategies of the older adult?

A
  • other centered: able to help/support others (family, friends, pets)
  • sense of humour
  • social support
  • belief in higher power
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3
Q

What are the nursing implications for caring for the aging adult?

A

TEACH/COLLABORATE: information enables problem solving

AVOID AGEISM

PARTNER: goal may be maintaining function and quality rather than curing

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4
Q

Describe the characteristics within the majority of aging adults.

A

majority present with:

  • minimum of one chronic condition
  • are independent in functional abilities (ADLs)
  • are dependent in instrumental activities like cooking, cleaning, driving (IADLs)
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5
Q

What are some implications on illness that need to be considered when caring for the aging adult?

A
  • RELATIONSHIP between chronic and acute conditions (need to consider underlying chronic conditions and determine how it will influence your care for acute conditions)
  • PRESENTATION of illness (will be different in elderly than in younger)
  • CONSEQUENCES have greater impact and longer resolution time
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6
Q

Describe changes in sleep associated with aging

A
  • takes longer to fall asleep
  • more frequent awakenings
  • increased time spent in bed
  • change in quality (less time in slow-wave sleep)
  • same quantity
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7
Q

What are some risk factors that influence sleep?

A
  • psychosocial factors (depression, anxiety, lack of stim)
  • environmental factors
  • physiological factors (pain, sleep apnea, cramps, etc)
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8
Q

What things are looked at when assessing sleep?

A
  • sleep hx
  • sleep-wake logs
  • unusual daytime drowsiness
  • medications
  • behavioural changes associated with lack of sleep
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9
Q

What are the three areas in which interventions may be made to promote sleep?

A

NUTRITIONAL: eating schedule, caffeine, sugar, chocolate, fluids

ENVIRONMENTAL: noise, light, routine, clean, comfort, relaxing

OTHER: sedation, sun exposure

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10
Q

Is urinary incontinence an inevitable consequence of aging?

A

no, may be acute or manageable

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11
Q

What may cause urinary incontinence in the aging adult?

A

reduction in bladder capacity

increased sensation to void

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12
Q

List some physical and psychosocial consequences associated with urinary incontinence.

A

PHYSICAL: inc falls, skin breakdown, UTIs

PSYCHOSOCIAL: shame and anxiety, social isolation, dec self-esteem

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13
Q

What are the 6 types of incontinence?

A

URGE (inc sensation)

OVERDFLOW (little bit at time)

STRESS

MIXED

FUNCTIONAL (can’t get to toilet despite proper urinary functioning)

TRANSIENT (caused by acute health problem)

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14
Q

What are 4 interventions that may be taken with incontinence?

A

inc fluids

treat UTIs

dec bladder irritants

pelvic floor exercises

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15
Q

What are 4 causes of functional incontinence?

A

dec mobility/dexterity

inaccessible bathroom

difficulty removing clothing

cognitive impairment

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16
Q

What interventions might be taken with functional incontinence?

A

improve accessibility

provide assistance

17
Q

What is chronic pain?

A

continuing, constant or intermittent pain with a duration greater than 6 months

18
Q

Is pain a natural consequence of aging?

A

no, but can be caused by many conditions associated with age such as arthritis

19
Q

What are 4 ways chronic pain can affect the pt?

A

dec quality of life

linked with depression

neg impacts cognitive functioning

contributes to falls, gait disturbances, malnutrition

20
Q

What are some causes of chronic pain?

A

arthritis

peripheral vascular disease

diabetic neuropathy

musculoskeletal disorders

cancers

21
Q

What are the 5 things assessed in pain assessment?

A 
P = provocative
Q = quality and quantity
R = region and radiation
S = severity (scale)
T = timing
22
Q

How is quality of life affected by chronic pain?

A

functional status

mood

nutrition

sleep

involvement in activities

23
Q

What are the 4 interventions for pain control?

A

1) multidisciplinary team approach
2) treat underlying pathology
3) analgesics
4) non-pharmacological interventions

24
Q

What are some things that may be considered non-pharmacological interventions?

A

relaxation

distraction

guided imagery

therapeutic touch

massage

hot and cold

25
Q

What are issues related to falls?

A

Hx of falls

fear of falling

decreased activity lvl

increased dependence

social isolation

failure to report falls

26
Q

What are some age related risk factors to falls?

A

1) vision and hearing changes
2) slowed reaction time
3) altered gate/poor balance
4) postural hypotension
5) nocturia, incontinence

27
Q

What are the three types of factors that contribute to falls?

A

PATHOLOGICAL
(ex arthritis, incontinence)

PHARMACOLOGICAL
(ex polypharmacy, AE)

ENVIRONMENTAL
(ex restraints, poor lighting, objects)

28
Q

What is a common result of falls in the aging population? why?

A

hip fractures

young people fall forward, older people fall backwards

29
Q

What are some complications of hip fractures and other results of falls?

A

1) functional loss
2) limited rehab (dec speed of recovery and limited beds)
3 institutionalization

30
Q

What are some strategies to prevent falls?

A
  • regular exercise
  • review medications
  • have vision checked
  • assist if they need help getting to bathroom
  • remove obstacles
31
Q

What is the acronym for fall precautions?

A

S = safe environment

A = assist with mobility

F = fall risk reduction (call bell in reach, proper height, things in reach, proper footwear)

E = engage pt and family

32
Q

What is an acronym you should know and practice before leaving a pt’s room to reduce falls?

A

P = pain assessed and medication provided if needed

U = universal fall precautions in place

T = toileting provided as needed

N104 (10 decks)

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