Last Half Ch.3 - Test 2 Flashcards
Qualitative Methods
Form of words or pictures (No numbers)
Inductive Reasoning
Observations leading theory (understanding)
Quantitative Methods
Form in numbers
Deductive Reasoning
Theory leading to testing of an idea or a prediction
Mixed Method
Combining both qualitative and quantitative methods
Interviews, Dream Analysis, Texts, Emails, Photographs, Drawings
Qualitative Methods
Physiological Measures (Biological), Scores on Tests, Demographics (age, where you live, pets), Reaction times, Ratings (scales 1 -10)
Quantitative Methods
Triangulation
Making sure that your qualitative results match your quantitative results
Basic Research
To Know (example…leads to the understanding of antibiotics)
Applied Research
To affect or control (example…leads to the development and testing of antibiotics)
Research Designs with Internal Validity
Experimental Design
Research Designs with External Validity
Descriptive and Correlational Designs
Descriptive (Describe) Design Methods
Observational, Case Studies, and Self-Reports
Observational Methods
A research method that uses a systematic and objective description of what is happening
Types of Observational Methods
Naturalistic, Participant, Nonreactive, and, Unobtrusive
Naturalistic Observation
Careful monitoring and examination of what people and animals are doing under more or less natural circumstances (Example…Dr. Jane Goodall’s work t=with the chimpanzee’s study)
Ethology
Participant Observation
The researcher embeds himself into the group or situation being studied and observes (Example…Festinger [Founder of Cognitive Dissonance], Rieken, and Schachter studied a UFO religion called the Seekers)
Ethnography
Nonreactive Observation
A researcher does not influence events (Example…archival research)
Nonreactive Observation
A researcher does not influence events (Example…archival research)
Obtrusive Observation
Subjects not aware that they are being studied
Erosion Measures
How much something wears out (Example…chair seat pad in doctor’s waiting room wore down due to patients anxiety)
Accretion Measures
Build up (Example…To determine how often or how many people)
Case Study
Thorough observations and descriptions of a single individual are appropriate only when done for an unusual condition or circumstance.
Self-Report
Not always honest (Examples…Survey and Interviews)