Larynx (week 3)

Question 1

Name the 6 laryngeal cartilages

Answer 1

Epiglottic, Thyroid, Cricoid, Arytenoid, Corniculate and Cuneiform

Question 2

Where does the stalk of the epiglottis attach?

Answer 2

Into the Thyroid cartilage

Question 3

What other bone does the Superior horn of the Thyroid cartilage articulate with?

Answer 3

Hyoid bone

Question 4

Inferior horn of thyroid cartilage articulates with what other structure?

Answer 4

Cricoid cartilage

Question 5

Thyrohyoid membrane connects what two structures?

Answer 5

Hyoid bone and Thyroid cartilage

Question 6

The three ligaments that make up the Conus Elasticus

Answer 6

Median Cricothyroid ligament
Lateral Cricothyroid ligament
Vocal ligament

Question 7

Hyoepiglottic ligament attaches what two structures

Answer 7

Hyoid bone and epligottis

Question 8

Thyroepiglottic ligament attaches what two structures

Answer 8

Thyroid cartilage and epiglottis

Question 9

Quadrangular membrane is made up of what two ligaments?

Answer 9

Vestibular ligament (bottom of quadrangular mem.) and Aryepiglottic ligament (top of quadrangular mem.)

Question 10

The Vestibular ligament is where in relation to the Vocal ligament

Answer 10

Superior

Question 11

Which folds are considered the False folds and True folds

Answer 11

False: Vestibular folds
True: Vocal folds

Question 12

What three things make up Level II of the Interior Larynx

Answer 12

Vestibular folds, Vestibule and Vocal folds

Question 13

What are the boundaries of Level III of the Interior Larynx

Answer 13

Vocal folds to Tracheal rings

Question 14

Most Intrinsic muscles of the Larynx are innervated by what nerve?

Answer 14

Recurrent Laryngeal nerve

Question 15

What muscle is innervated by the External Laryngeal nerve

Answer 15

Cricothyroid

Question 16

Attachments of Cricothyroid

Answer 16

Cricoid cartilage to inferior border of Thyroid cartilage

Question 17

Action of Cricothyroid

Answer 17

Stretches and Tenses vocal cords

Increases pitch

Question 18

Attachments of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Answer 18

Posterior cricoid cartilage to the muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 19

Action of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Answer 19

Abducts or opens vocal cord

Question 20

Lateral Cricorytenoid attachments

Answer 20

Lateral arch of cricoid to muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

Question 21

Action of Lateral Cricoarytenoid

Answer 21

Adducts or closes vocal cords

Question 22

Cricothyroid is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 22

External Laryngeal nerve

Question 23

Attachment of Thyroarytenoid

Answer 23

Internal aspect of thyroid lamina to muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

Question 24

Action of Thyroarytenoid

Answer 24

Relaxes vocal cords (lowers voice)

Question 25

Attachments of Transverse Arytenoids

Answer 25

Attach one arytenoid to the other

Question 26

Action of Transverse Arytenoids

Answer 26

Adducts arytenoids and vocal cords to close the glottis

Question 27

Attachment of Oblique arytenoids (aryepiglottic)

Answer 27

From one arytenoid cartilage to the epiglottis on the opposite side

Question 28

Action of Oblique Arytenoids

Answer 28

Approximates epiglottis and arytenoids to close glottis

Question 29

Attachment of Vocalis

Answer 29

Arytenoids to vocal ligament

Question 30

Action of Vocalis

Answer 30

Shortens vocal cords and provides selective tensing and relaxing

Question 31

What branch of the External Carotid supplies blood to the larynx

Answer 31

Superior thyroid

Question 32

What branch of the Superior Thyroid artery supplies blood to the larynx

Answer 32

Superior Laryngeal

Question 33

What branch of the Subclavian artery has branches that supplies blood to larynx

Answer 33

Thyrocervical trunk

Question 34

Describe the pathway of branches from the subclavian artery to the larynx

Answer 34

Subclavian Artery –> Thyrocervical Trunk –> Inferior Thyroid –> Inferior Laryngeal

Question 35

Describe brief pathway of motor innervation to the Cricothyroid muscle

Answer 35

Superior laryngeal nerve –> External laryngeal nerve

Question 36

What cranial nerve innervates general sensory to the larynx muscles

Answer 36

Vagus (CN X)

Question 37

Pathway of general sensory innervation above vocal cords

Answer 37

Superior Laryngeal nerve –> Internal Laryngeal nerve

Question 38

Parasympathetic innervation of larynx is provided by what CN

Answer 38

Vagus (CN X)

Question 39

3 functions of the Larynx

Answer 39

1. Maintain patency for airflow
2. Vocalization
3. Prevent entry of foreign objects when swallowing