Eye and Orbit (week 3) Flashcards
What muscle opens the upper eyelid
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
What CN innervates muscle to open eye
CN III
What CN innervates muscle to close eye
CN VII
What is the Tarsal Plate
Connective tissue “skeleton” of eyelid
Two glands that make up Tarsal Plate
Tarsal glands and Ciliary glands
What do the Tarsal glands do
secrete a fatty secretion and keeps eyelids from sticking together
Function of Ciliary glands
Sebaceous glands
What is the Conjunctiva
Mucous membrane of eyelid and eyeball
Conjunctiva consists of what two parts
Palpebral conjunctiva and Bulbar conjunctiva
Characteristic of Palpebral conjunctiva
Continuous with skin, very vascular
Continuous of Bulbar conjunctiva
Continuous with cornea and transparent
What cranial nerve and fibers innervate Lacrimal gland
CN VII, Parasympathetic fibers
Pathway for Lacrimal Gland
Tears from LG –> Superior and Inferior puncta –> Lacrimal Canal –> Lacrimal sac –> Nasolacrimal duct –> Nasal cavity
The Cornea is continuous with what?
Sclera
Sclera is continuous with what?
Dural sheath of optic nerve and Cornea
Eyeball is made up of what three layers
Outer Fibrous Coat, Middle Vascular Coat and Inner Retinal layer
What makes up the Outer Fibrous coat
The continuous layer of the dural sheath of optic fiber, Sclera and Cornea
What makes up the Middle Vascular coat
The Choroid
Choroid is fixed between what two structures?
Sclera and Retina
What makes up the Inner Retinal layer
Retina
What is the Ciliary body?
The end of the Choroid
Ciliary process
Folds in Ciliary body
What produces aqueous humor
Ciliary folds, flows from posterior to anterior chamber
Ciliary muscles are controlled by what CN and what fibers
CN III, parasympathetic fibers
What do the suspensory ligaments do to the lens
move lens to focus
Contraction of the ciliary muscles does what to the lens
Makes it rounder
Flattening of the lens is caused by what?
Relaxation
Lens is Avascular? T or F
True
What is the optic disk
Where the optic nerve enters; Insensitive to light
What is the Macula Lutea
A disc with the fovea centralis; most acute vision
Superior Rectus action
Elevate, Adduct
Middle Rectus action
Adduct
Lateral Rectus action
Abduct
Superior Oblique action
Down and out (Abduct and lowers)
Action of Inferior Rectus
Lowers and Adducts
Attachment of Inferior Oblique
Maxillary bone
Attachment of most eye muscles
Common Tendinous Ring
What Major artery supplies blood to eye
Internal Carotid
What arterial branches supplies blood to Ciliary Body and Iris
Ciliary Arteries–>Long Ciliary arteries
Lacrimal Artery –> anterior ciliary arteries
Short Posterior Ciliary arteries supply blood to what?
Choroid Layer
Two veins associated with eye?
Superior Opthalmic vein and Inferior Opthalmic vein
Where does the Superior opthalmic vein drain?
Cavernous sinus
Where does Inferior Opthalmic vein drain?
Pterygoid plexus and cavernous sinus
Both veins of eye anastomose with what other vein?
Facial vein
What nerve supplies special sensory to the eye?
Optic nerve (CN II)
What nerve branch provides general sensory to the eyeball?
Long Ciliary nerve, a branch of the Nasociliary nerve of V1
What nerve supplies general sensory to the eyeball and lower eyelid
Inferior Palpebral nerve, a branch of Infraorbital nerve of V2
What are the post parasympathetic nerves to the ciliary muscle and Sphinctor puillae called after they leave the ciliary ganglion?
Short Ciliary nerves
What structures do oculomotor parasympathetic fibers innervate?
Ciliary muscles and sphinctor pupillae
What structures of the eye need sympathetic innervation?
Dilator Pupillae and Superior Tarsal muscle
Corneal Reflex normal should do what?
Cause both eyelids to close
Absent ipsilateral with normal contralateral response?
Normal V with abnormal ipsilateral VII
Absent contralateral response
Abnormal contralateral VII
Absent bilateral response
V abnormality OR bilateral VII abnormality
Function of Orbicularis Oculi
Closes eyelids
