Large intestine Flashcards
How long is the large intestine
1.5 m
What is the main job of the large intestine
absorb water, and turn liquid contents into semisolid feces
What are the parts of the large intestine
Cecum
Appendix
Colon
Rectum + anal canal
What is the blind pouch found below the ileocecal junction
Cecum
What folds fuse together to prevent pack flow into the intestines
Ileal fold
What is the narrow muscular tube that contains lymphoid tissue
Appendix
what is the common position of the appendix
most: retrocecal
Second most: pelvic
are the cecum and appendix retroperitoneal or intra peritoneal
Intra peritoneal
What is it called when the appendix is inflamed
Appendicitis
What is the most common intro-abdominal inflammatory condition
Appendicitis
What might appendicitis cause if it is untreated
pertonitis
What can cause appendicitis
Lymphoid hyperplasia
Fecal impaction
What are the 4 parts of the colon
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
What is that flexure that the ascending colon and transverse colon meet
Hepatic/right colic flexure
What is the flexure that the transverse colon and the descending colon meet
Splenic/left colic flexure
Which colic flexure is the highest
left colic flexure
What parts of the colon are retroperitoneal
Ascending and descending colon
What parts of the colon are intraperitoneal
Transverse and sigmoid colon
What are the narrow longitudinal bands of muscle along the colon
Taeniae Coli
What are the outpouchings of the colon
Haustra of Colon
What are the small masses of fat that extend from the colon
Omental appendices
What is the teminal portion of the large intestine
Rectum and anal canal
What are herniations of mucosa of the colon throught the muscular laryer that are not inflammed
Diverticuli
What happens when the Diverticuli become inflammed
Diverticulosis
Abdominal pain, Diarrhea
What is Diverticulosis related to
Low fiber diet
age (over 40)
What part of the large intestine is the most common site for diverticulosis
Sigmoid colon
What pre-disposes someone to diverticulosis
Chronic constapation
What is ulcerative colitis
Severe inflammation and ulceration of the rectum and lower colon
What layer of the rectum and lower colon does ulcerative colitis occur
Mucosa
What does ulcerative colitis cause (other than inflammation)
Abdominal pain + Diarrhea
What may occur in ulcerative colitis
Bowl perferation
What condition is associated with abdominal pain, diarrhea with no inflammation
Irritable bowel syndrome
What happens in IBS
abnormal muscular contractions of colon
What are the major arteries that supply the large intestine
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Inferior Mesenteric artery
Marginal artery
Vasa Recta
What artery supplies the right 2/3 of the transverse colon
Superior mesenteric Artery
What artery supplies the left 1/3 of the transverse colon
Inferior mesenteric artery
What artery is an anastomotic channel for the superior and inferior mesenteric artery
Marginal artery
What are the branches of the marginal artery that go to the large intestines
Vasa Recta
What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal artery Jejunal and ileal arteries ileocolic artery right colic artery middle colic artery
What does the right colic artery branch of the superior mesenteric artery supply
Ascending colon
What does the middle colic artery branch of the superior mesenteric artery supply
Transverse colon
What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery
Left colic artery
sigmoid artery
superior rectal artery
What branch of the inferior mesenteric artery supplies the descending colon
Left colic artery
What innervates the cecum through the right 2/3 of the transverse colon
Superior mesenteric plexus
What innervates the left 1/3 of the transverse colon to the upper part of the anal canal
Inferior mesenteric plexus
Hypogastric plexus
Diarrhea, constapation and other colon problems may be related to a subluxation at what region
Lower T
Upper L
Sacrum
