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Gross anatomy 2 exam 3 > Large intestine > Flashcards

Large intestine Flashcards

1
Q

How long is the large intestine

A

1.5 m

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2
Q

What is the main job of the large intestine

A

absorb water, and turn liquid contents into semisolid feces

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3
Q

What are the parts of the large intestine

A

Cecum
Appendix
Colon
Rectum + anal canal

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4
Q

What is the blind pouch found below the ileocecal junction

A

Cecum

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5
Q

What folds fuse together to prevent pack flow into the intestines

A

Ileal fold

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6
Q

What is the narrow muscular tube that contains lymphoid tissue

A

Appendix

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7
Q

what is the common position of the appendix

A

most: retrocecal

Second most: pelvic

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8
Q

are the cecum and appendix retroperitoneal or intra peritoneal

A

Intra peritoneal

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9
Q

What is it called when the appendix is inflamed

A

Appendicitis

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10
Q

What is the most common intro-abdominal inflammatory condition

A

Appendicitis

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11
Q

What might appendicitis cause if it is untreated

A

pertonitis

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12
Q

What can cause appendicitis

A

Lymphoid hyperplasia

Fecal impaction

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13
Q

What are the 4 parts of the colon

A

Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon

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14
Q

What is that flexure that the ascending colon and transverse colon meet

A

Hepatic/right colic flexure

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15
Q

What is the flexure that the transverse colon and the descending colon meet

A

Splenic/left colic flexure

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16
Q

Which colic flexure is the highest

A

left colic flexure

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17
Q

What parts of the colon are retroperitoneal

A

Ascending and descending colon

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18
Q

What parts of the colon are intraperitoneal

A

Transverse and sigmoid colon

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19
Q

What are the narrow longitudinal bands of muscle along the colon

A

Taeniae Coli

20
Q

What are the outpouchings of the colon

A

Haustra of Colon

21
Q

What are the small masses of fat that extend from the colon

A

Omental appendices

22
Q

What is the teminal portion of the large intestine

A

Rectum and anal canal

23
Q

What are herniations of mucosa of the colon throught the muscular laryer that are not inflammed

A

Diverticuli

24
Q

What happens when the Diverticuli become inflammed

A

Diverticulosis

Abdominal pain, Diarrhea

25
Q

What is Diverticulosis related to

A

Low fiber diet

age (over 40)

26
Q

What part of the large intestine is the most common site for diverticulosis

A

Sigmoid colon

27
Q

What pre-disposes someone to diverticulosis

A

Chronic constapation

28
Q

What is ulcerative colitis

A

Severe inflammation and ulceration of the rectum and lower colon

29
Q

What layer of the rectum and lower colon does ulcerative colitis occur

A

Mucosa

30
Q

What does ulcerative colitis cause (other than inflammation)

A

Abdominal pain + Diarrhea

31
Q

What may occur in ulcerative colitis

A

Bowl perferation

32
Q

What condition is associated with abdominal pain, diarrhea with no inflammation

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

33
Q

What happens in IBS

A

abnormal muscular contractions of colon

34
Q

What are the major arteries that supply the large intestine

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery
Inferior Mesenteric artery
Marginal artery
Vasa Recta

35
Q

What artery supplies the right 2/3 of the transverse colon

A

Superior mesenteric Artery

36
Q

What artery supplies the left 1/3 of the transverse colon

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

37
Q

What artery is an anastomotic channel for the superior and inferior mesenteric artery

A

Marginal artery

38
Q

What are the branches of the marginal artery that go to the large intestines

A

Vasa Recta

39
Q

What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A 
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal artery
Jejunal and ileal arteries
ileocolic artery
right colic artery
middle colic artery
40
Q

What does the right colic artery branch of the superior mesenteric artery supply

A

Ascending colon

41
Q

What does the middle colic artery branch of the superior mesenteric artery supply

A

Transverse colon

42
Q

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left colic artery
sigmoid artery
superior rectal artery

43
Q

What branch of the inferior mesenteric artery supplies the descending colon

A

Left colic artery

44
Q

What innervates the cecum through the right 2/3 of the transverse colon

A

Superior mesenteric plexus

45
Q

What innervates the left 1/3 of the transverse colon to the upper part of the anal canal

A

Inferior mesenteric plexus

Hypogastric plexus

46
Q

Diarrhea, constapation and other colon problems may be related to a subluxation at what region

A

Lower T
Upper L
Sacrum

Gross anatomy 2 exam 3 (17 decks)

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