large animal sx procedures Flashcards
nerve blocks
specific nerve blockers
field block
no specific nerve, local anesthetic SQ
epidural anesthesia
needle inserted in first intercoccygeal space, analgesia of tail, perineum, anus, rectum, vulva and vagina
castration
gelding, prevents reproduction, improves aggression, cryptorchids, may increase or decrease horse value
cryptorchidism
1 or both testes are in abdomen and testicles do not descend in scrotum
if cryptorchidism is hereditary…
do not use for breeding
general anesthesia
long acting IV or gas inhalant
routine castration age
12-24 months
standing castration
tranquilizers, local anesthetic directly into spermatic cord
recumbent castration
triple GKX, ketamine
prepping for castration
tetanus vacc status, recumbent with legs tied out of way, head down with eyes covered, no clipping or shaving necessary, Sx scrub
Sx set up for castration
grassy area over dirt area, Sx scrub, gauze, 20 blade, sterile gloves, emasculators, +/- suture, small sx pack
castration procedure
2 incisions over each testicles, vessels are crimped twisted or ligated
closed castration
spermatic cord and vaginal tunic are emasculated, greater chance for bleeding
open castration
incision made over each testicle, dissect testes out of spermatic cord, spermatic cord crushed and testes are torn away
post op care for castration
check for hemorrhage for several hours after, stall rest 24 hours, recheck for bleeding and swelling, no meds needed, hand walking
complications from castration
severe hemorrhaging, excessive swelling, inadequate drainage, acute infection, septicemia, protrusion of abdominal viscera
pneumovagina repair (caslick)
prevents involuntary aspiration of air in vagina
causes of caslick
poor conformation, iinjury, breeding, foaling
horses that need caslick
old, thin mares with sunken anuses, racing mares, breeding mares, mares foaling
caslick procedure
cut thin ribbon on each vulvar lip and suture together 2/3 length of vulva
post op care for caslicks
remove sutures 7-10 days, leave area alone til healed, check sutures
complications of caslicks
ripping sutures, too much tissue removed (hard to close)
