Language Thought And Comunication

Question 1

What is Piaget’s theory of language and thought?

Answer 1

Language depends on thought

Question 2

What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis of language and thought?

Answer 2

Thought depends on language

Question 3

What is the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

Answer 3

If there are no words for an object or idea you can’t think about it

Question 4

What is the weak version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

Answer 4

Words help to ‘carve’ the world, you can still imagine things with no words for them

Question 5

What is the Hopi’s variation in recall of events?

Answer 5

Hopi don’t distinguish past, present or future.

Question 6

What is the Zuni’ variation in recognition of colours?

Answer 6

Zuni people have only one word for shades of orange and yellow and have trouble distinguishing them.

Question 7

How can eye contact be used as a form of non verbal communication?

Answer 7

Regulations the flow of conversation,
Signalling attraction,
Expressing emotion

Question 8

How does eye contact regulate the flow of a conversation?

Answer 8

In a study participants looked away when about to speak and gave prolonged gaze when about to finish

Question 9

How is eye contact used to signal attraction?

Answer 9

People who use eye contact are judged as more attractive

Question 10

How is eye contact used in expressing emotion?

Answer 10

In a study participants judged emotion as more intense if faces were looking straight at them (Adams and Kleck)

Question 11

How is open and closed posture used as a form of non verbal communication?

Answer 11

Closed posture shows disagreement

Open posture shows acceptance

Question 12

How is postural echo used as a form of non verbal communication?

Answer 12

Postural echo = copying other’s body position

Tanner and Chartrand’s participants rated the new drink more highly when presented with postural echo

Question 13

How can personal space differ?

Answer 13

Culturally,
By Gender,
By status

Question 14

How do cultural differences affect personal space?

Answer 14

Climate - warmer climate, closer to strangers, further from friends.
In Saudi Arabia a larger distance from friends is preferred than England

Question 15

How does Gender affect personal space?

Answer 15

Women feel more uncomfortable when personal space is invaded from the side than the front, for men it is the front.

Question 16

How does status affect personal space?

Answer 16

People of similar status stand closer together than people of different status

Question 17

What are the functions of animal communication?

Answer 17

Survival,
Reproduction,
Territory,
Food

Question 18

What are the properties oh human communication?

Answer 18

Plan ahead and discuss future events,
Creativity,
Single verse, multiple channels

Question 19

What method did Von Frisch use in his bee study?

Answer 19

Put food 10-20 metres away from the hive and up to 30l metres away, he then observed the bees 6000 times over 20 years.

Question 20

What is Darwin’s theory of natural selection?

Answer 20

Genes that promote survival are passed to the next generation

Question 21

What is a serviceable habit

Answer 21

Behaviours used by our ancestors to promote survival

Question 22

What has neonate research shown?

Answer 22

It suggests that newborn babies behaviour is innate

Question 23

What is an example of social releases?

Answer 23

Certain neonate behaviours (e.g smiling) make others want to provide care

Question 24

What is an example of neonate behaviour in facial expressions?

Answer 24

Showing an expression of disgust when given sour tastes (e.g citric acid)

Question 25

What is an example of neonate behaviour in someone who is sensory deprived?

Answer 25

Thompson found that blind children showed similar facial expressions to sighted children

Question 26

What is the difference between contact and non contact cultures?

Answer 26

Contact cultures like less personal space with strangers a than people of non contact cultures

Question 27

How is gestures proof that non verbal communication is learned?

Answer 27

In some cultures some gestures are rude and in others they are not, e.g the ok symbol used but divers and astronauts is offensive to Germans