Language Change Terms

Question 1

Normans

Answer 1

Introduced French words to English

Question 2

The chancery

Answer 2

Tried to standardise English

Question 3

The great vowel shift

Answer 3

Moose → mouse

Question 4

Gutenberg

Answer 4

Invented printing press

Question 5

Caxton

Answer 5

Brought the printing press to England and standardised spelling

Question 6

Shakespeare

Answer 6

Invented over 400 New words

Question 7

Johnson

Answer 7

Published dictionary in 1755 containing 400 000 words, attempt to control language

Question 8

The British empire

Answer 8

Started colonising end acquiring new words

Question 9

The industrial revolution

Answer 9

Regional accents began to develop

Question 10

Aitchison metaphors

Answer 10

Crumbling castle
Damp spoon syndrome - changes are a result or laziness and disrespect
Infectious disease assumption - change spreads like a plague and should be avoided

Question 11

Random fluctuation theory - hockett

Answer 11

We make mistakes in language and these become codified

Question 12

Pinner

Answer 12

Euphemism treadmill - a euphemism stops and a new one takes its place

Question 13

Substratum theory

Answer 13

Language changes primarily through contact with countries

Question 14

Lexical gaps theory

Answer 14

New words enter the language when they are needed

Question 15

Chen

Answer 15

S curve model how changes move from small to large groups