Gender Theorists

Question 1

Jesperson

Answer 1

Women’s language is littered with non-fluency features because they don’t think before they speak - it is weaker than mens

Question 2

Tannen (main theory)

Answer 2

binary opposites: status vs support, conflict vs compromise, advice vs understanding, information vs feelings

Question 3

Deborah Cameron

Answer 3

gender performativity - Act as a gender should act, no true difference

Question 4

Pamela fishman

Answer 4

‘Conversational shitwork’ by asking questions, not a sign of weakness but is a sign of intelligence

Question 5

Lakoff

Answer 5

Women’s language features: intensifiers, hedging, weak adjectives, back-channelling
she doesn’t believe this to be right but she observed it true

Question 6

o’barr and Atkins

Answer 6

language in a courtroom, less about gender and more about power, difference model, men used deficit language

Question 7

Zimmerman and West

Answer 7

men interrupt women 96-100% of the time in mixed-sex convos

Question 8

Beattie

Answer 8

opposed Zimmerman and West as sample was too small, they used 10 times more participants and found interruptions of equal frequency

Question 9

Coates (dominance model)

Answer 9

men control topic of conversation and usually keep the topic to male-orientated subjects

Question 10

Coates (difference model)

Answer 10

all-male conversations are competitive and all-female conversations are cooperative

Question 11

tannen (difference)

Answer 11

male is report-orientated (facts) and female is rapport-orientated (maintain friendships)

Question 12

Pilkington

Answer 12

male house talk is characterised with insults

Question 13

Hyde

Answer 13

gender similarities hypothesis - more similarities than differences

Question 14

Butler

Answer 14

Gender performativity - it is a mistake to assert that women are a group with common language

Question 15

Shultz

Answer 15

Words used to describe women have become more negative overtime _ semantic derogation ‘spinster’