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education law > Langauge Acquisition > Flashcards

Langauge Acquisition Flashcards

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1
Q

Innate

A

determined by factors present from birth

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2
Q

Innateness hypothesis

A

humans are generally predisposed to learn an use language

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3
Q

Imitation theory

A

claims that children acquire language b listening to the speech around them and reproducing what they hear

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4
Q

Active Construction of a Grammar Theory

A

children acquire language by inventing rules of grammar

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5
Q

Connectionist Theories

A

claims that children learn language through neural connections in the brain.

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6
Q

Social Interaction theory

A

theory that claims children acquire language from social interactions

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7
Q

linguistic universal

A

property believed to be held in common by all natural languages

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8
Q

universal grammar

A

theory that posits a st of grammatical characteristics shared by all natural languages

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9
Q

High amplitude sucking

A

experimental technique used to study sound discrimination in infants from birth to six months

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10
Q

Conditioned head turn procedure

A

experimental technique used with infants between five and eighteen months with two phases: conditioning and testing

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11
Q

VOT

A

the length of time between the release of a consonant and the onset time of voicing

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12
Q

articulatory gestures

A

a movement of a speech organ in the production of speech

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13
Q

babble

A

child produces meaningless sequences of consonants and vowels

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14
Q

canonical babbling

A

repeating babbling in infants

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15
Q

variegated babbling

A

production of meaningless consonant- vowel sequences by infants

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16
Q

holophrastic stage

A

in first language acquisition where a child can produce only one word at a time

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17
Q

holophrase

A

a one word sentence

18
Q

complexive concept

A

a group of items that child refers to with a single word for which it is not possible to single out any one unifying property

19
Q

over extension

A

a relationship between child and adult perception of word meaning

20
Q

attention getters

A

word or phrase that used to initiate an address to children

21
Q

attention holders

A

a tactic used to maintain children’s attention for an extended amount of time

22
Q

infant- directed speech

A

similar to child directed speech

23
Q

conversational turns

A

made by one speaker from the time that she takes he floor from another speaker to the time that she passes the floor on to another speaker

24
Q

bilingual

A

state of commanding two languages

25
Q

second language acquisition

A

acquisition of a language after becoming an adult

26
Q

language mixing

A

similar to code switching

27
Q

foreign accent

A

an accent that is marked by the phonology of another language or other languages that are familiar to the speaker

28
Q

code switching

A

using words or structural elements from more than one language within the same conversation

29
Q

fossilization

A

process through which forms from a speaker’s non-native language usage become fixed

30
Q

simultaneous bilingualism

A

both languages acquired from infancy

31
Q

sequential bilingualism

A

in which the second language is acquired as a young child

32
Q

multi lingual

A

the state of commanding three or more languages

33
Q

negatives

A

children go through this stage of speaking in order to produce negative sentences such as no

34
Q

Interrogatives

A

young children can produce questions only by using a rising intonation, rather than using a particular syntactic structure

35
Q

Plurals

A

recall that the plural morpheme -s is acquired quite early by children

36
Q

relational term

A

type of relationship between adjective and noun reference where the reference of the adjective is determined relative to the noun reference

37
Q

under extension

A

application of a word to a smaller set of objects than is appropriate for mature adult speech

38
Q

deictic expression

A

words referring to personal, temporal, or spatial aspects of an utterance

39
Q

Here and Now

A

what adults mostly speak to children about

40
Q

identifying sounds

A

in order to produce spoken language, infants first need to be able to perceive it

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