Chapter 2 vocaulary

Question 1

Impressionistic phonetic transcription

Answer 1

method of writing down speech sounds with the intent of capturing how they are pronounced

Question 2

Syllable

Answer 2

a unit of speech, made up of onset and rhyme

Question 3

voicing

Answer 3

vibration of the approximated vocal cords caused by air passing through them

Question 4

Articulation

Answer 4

the motion of positioning parts of the vocal tract

Question 5

retroflex

Answer 5

sounds produced by curling the tip of the tongue back behind the alveolar ridge usually to the top of the mouth

Question 6

nasal

Answer 6

sound produced by making a complete obstruction of the air flow in the oral cavity and lowering the velum to allow air to pass through

Question 7

fricative

Answer 7

sounds make by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the airstream so that when air passes through the small passage, turbulent airflow is produced

Question 8

vowel space

Answer 8

range of possible vowel sounds of a language from the high front vowel to the high back vowel

Question 9

tense

Answer 9

vowel sound that has a more peripheral position in the vowel space

Question 10

airstream mechanism

Answer 10

any of the various ways to produce a stream of moving air through the vocal tract for the production of speech sounds

Question 11

tone languages

Answer 11

language that uses pitch contrast on syllables to signal a difference in word meaning

Question 12

intonation

Answer 12

commonly refers to the pattern of pitch movements across a stretch of speech such as a sentence

Question 13

location

Answer 13

where a sign takes place, one of the parameters

Question 14

parameters

Answer 14

in signed languages, aspects of articulation that describe primes

Question 15

semi vowels

Answer 15

sound produced with a constriction in the vocal tract that is only slightly more constricted than that of a vowel

Question 16

aspiration

Answer 16

a puff of air that follows the release of a consonant when there is a delay in the onset of voicing

Question 17

spectrogram

Answer 17

a three dimensional representation of sound in which the vertical axis represents frequency, the horizontal axis represents time, and the darkness of shading represents amplitude

Question 18

harmonic

Answer 18

overtone of the fundamental frequency of the vocal tract

Question 19

periodic wave

Answer 19

sound wave that repeats itself at regular intervals

Question 20

compression

Answer 20

physical phenomenon resulting in a higher concentration of air molecules within a given space