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General A&P Oral > Landing Gear Systems > Flashcards

Landing Gear Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Where may the instructions for greasing a retractable landing gear on an aircraft be found?

A

In the aircraft maintenance manual.

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2
Q

How does a shimmy damper keep a nose wheel from shimmying?

A

It acts as a small hydraulic shock absorber between the piston and the cylinder of the nose-wheel shock strut.

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3
Q

What is the most likely cause of a landing gear warning system failing to warn when the landing gear is not down and locked?

A

A faulty or misadjusted microswitch.

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4
Q

What absorbs the taxi shocks in an oleo shock strut?

A

The compressed air nitrogen.

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5
Q

How much air or nitrogen should be put into an oleo shock strut?

A

With the strut serviced with fluid and the filler plug in place and the weight of the aircraft on the strut, put in enough air or nitrogen to extend the piston to the height specified in the aircraft maintenance manual.

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6
Q

What is the purpose of using an exerciser jack when servicing a shock strut with fluid?

A

The jack moves the piston up and down inside the cylinder to work all of the air out of the oil to be sure that the proper amount of oil is in the strut.

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7
Q

What is a squat switch and where is it located?

A

A landing gear safety switch that energizes a circuit to prevent the landing gear retraction handle from being moved to the RETRACT position when weight is on the landing gear. It is located in the torsion links of one of the main landing gears.

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8
Q

What kind of device is normally used as a sensor to detect the condition of a retractable landing gear?

A

A precision microswitch.

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the center cam in a nose-wheel shock strut?

A

The centering cam forces the nose wheel straight back with the strut before it is retracted into the nose-wheel well.

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10
Q

What absorbs the initial landing impact in an oleo shock strut?

A

The transfer of oil from one compartment to another through a metered orifice.

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11
Q

Where may a list of the approved lubricants for greasing an aircraft retractable landing gear be found?

A

In the aircraft maintenance manual.

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12
Q

Where can you find the specifications for the type of fluid used to service an aircraft landing gear shock strut?

A

On the nameplate of the strut.

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13
Q

How much oil should be put into an oleo shock strut?

A

With the strut completely deflated, fill it to the level of the filler plug.

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14
Q

On a bungee cord shock absorber, what visual indications depict a deteriorating bungee cord?

A

Fraying of the outer cloth sheath and broken strands of elastic rubber.

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15
Q

What should you look for when inspecting a spring steel landing gear?

A

Inspect the spring steel for corrosion and damage. Verify that one of the gear legs is not bent by checking to verify that the aircraft wings are level. Inspect gear leg attachment bolts for condition and security. Inspect for cracks in the gear leg mounting structure.

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16
Q

What is a common method of steering small aircraft nose wheels?

A

A push-pull rod system attached to the rudder pedals.

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17
Q

What method is used to steer large aircraft?

A

Hydraulic steering systems.

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18
Q

What would cause the waring horn to sound when the throttles are pulled back, reducing the engine power for landing?

A

The warning horn will sound if any of the landing gears are not down and locked.

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19
Q

What is indicated by a red light in the landing gear position-indication portion of the annunciator panel?

A

The red light indicates that the landing gear is not in a safe condition for landing.

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20
Q

What information is given to a pilot to indicate that all of the landing gears are down and locked?

A

Three green lights are sued on most aircraft to indicate that all three landing gears are down and locked.

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21
Q

Where can you find a list of brake fluids approved for the aircraft?

A

In the aircraft service manual.

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22
Q

What is used to flush brake lines and cylinders if the system uses vegetable-base fluid?

A

Alcohol

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23
Q

What is used to flush brake lines and cylinders if the system uses mineral-base fluid?

A

Naptha, varsol, or Stoddard solvent.

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24
Q

How do you measure the amount of brake lining wear on single-disc brakes?

A

Measure the clearance between the disc and the inboard side of the brake housing with brakes applied.

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25
Q

What is the purpose of the debooster in a hydraulic power brake system?

A

The debooster decreases the pressure and increases the volume of fluid going to the brakes. This gives the pilot better control of the brakes.

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26
Q

What should be done to hydraulic brakes when the pedal has a spongy feel?

A

The spongy feel is cause by an air in the brake. The brakes should be bled of the air.

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27
Q

What is the purpose of the compensator port in the master cylinder of aircraft brakes?

A

The compensator port in the master cylinder opens the brake reservoir to the wheel cylinders when the brakes are off. This prevents pressure from building up in the brake lines and causing the brakes to drag.

28
Q

What is the purpose of the shuttle valve in the brake system of an aircraft using hydraulic power brakes?

A

The shuttle valve is an automatic transfer valve. It allows the brakes to be operated by hydraulic system pressure under all normal conditions; but if this pressure is lost, it allows the brakes to be operated by the emergency backup system.

29
Q

How does an antiskid brake system keep the wheels of an aircraft from skidding on a wet runway?

A

The antiskid system monitors the rate of deceleration of the wheels. If any wheel slows down faster than it should (as it would at the beginning of a skid), the pressure on the brake in that wheel is released until the wheel stops decelerating, then the pressure is reapplied.

30
Q

What abnormal event warrants a special brake inspection?

A

If the aircraft experiences an aborted take-off or an emergency braking events occurs. These events cause excessive heating of brakes, wheels, and tire.

31
Q

What is the likely cause of “spongy brakes”?

A

There are air bubbles in the brake lines.

32
Q

What are the two methods of bleeding brake systems?

A

Gravity and pressure bleeding?

33
Q

What condition exists when a brake locks on a water covered runway?

A

Hydroplaning.

34
Q

What is the likely cause of a dragging brake?

A

A warped disc.

35
Q

What is the function of a wheel speed sensor in a anti-skid brake system?

A

The wheel speed sensor is a DC generator that is used to produce a voltage proportional to wheel speed. rotational speed change in excess of programmed parameters will engage the anti-skid data.

36
Q

What is meant by the ply rating of a tire?

A

The number of plies of cotton fabric needed to produce the same strength as the actual plies in the tire.

37
Q

What is the function of the bead in a tire?

A

The bead is made of high-strength carbon steel wire bundles and used to provide the strength and stiffness where the tire mounts on the wheel.

38
Q

Is it proper to use a tube in a tubeless tire?

A

No, the inner liner of a tubeless tire is rough and it can chafe the tube in normal operation.

39
Q

What is the function of the grooves cut into the tread of a tire?

A

The grooves produce the optimum traction with the runway surface.

40
Q

What is the most widely used tread pattern for modern airplane tires?

A

A series of straight grooves around the periphery of the tire?

41
Q

How should new aircraft tires be stored?

A

In a dark, cool location away from electrical motors or battery chargers.

42
Q

Is it best to store new tires vertically or horizontally?

A

Vertically.

43
Q

What is the most important maintenance procedure for aircraft tires?

A

Keep them properly inflated.

44
Q

What should be used to remove oil from a tire?

A

Mild soap and warm water.

45
Q

Where do you find the proper inflation pressure for an aircraft tire?

A

In the aircraft service manual.

46
Q

Why should aircraft tire pressure be rechecked after it has been installed for about 24 hours with no load applied?

A

The tires will stretch and the pressure will drop. The proper pressure must be restored.

47
Q

What causes an aircraft tire to wear more on the shoulders than in the center of the tread?

A

Operating the tire in an underinflated condition.

48
Q

What causes an aircraft tire to wear more in the center of the tread than on the shoulders?

A

Operating the tire in an overinflated condition.

49
Q

What should be done to an aircraft tire if the sidewalls are weather-checked enough to expose the cord?

A

The tire should be scrapped.

50
Q

What should be done with a tire that was on a wheel which was overheated enough to melt the fusible plug in the wheel?

A

The tire should be scrapped.

51
Q

When removing a wheel from an aircraft to change the tire, when should the tire be deflated?

A

After the aircraft is on the jacks, but before the axle nut is loosened.

52
Q

What should be used to deflate high-pressure tires?

A

A deflator cap screwed onto the tire valve, to allow the air to escape through the hole in the side of the cap and not in the face of the mechanic.

53
Q

What is used in a split wheel to keep air from leaking between the two wheel halves?

A

An O-ring seal.

54
Q

Where are the cracks most likely to form in an aircraft wheel?

A

In the bead seat area.

55
Q

What type of inspection should be used to inspect the bead seat area of a wheel for cracks?

A

Eddy current inspection.

56
Q

What are three basic brake actuating systems?

A
  1. An independent system not part of the aircraft main hydraulic system.
  2. A booster system that sues the aircraft hydraulic system intermittently.
  3. A power brake system that only uses the aircraft main hydraulic system as a source of pressure.
57
Q

Where can you find instructions for hoisting an aircraft to replace wheel?

A

In the aircraft maintenance manual.

58
Q

Where can you find instructions for jacking one wheel of an aircraft to change a tire?

A

In the aircraft maintenance manual.

59
Q

What safety procedure should be followed when inflating a tire on a large aircraft wheel for the first time after it has been replaced.

A

Put the wheel in a safety cage when it is being inflated because of the danger if the through bolts should fail.

60
Q

Why is it important that some aircraft with retractable landing gear be given a retraction test after new or retreaded tires are installed?

A

It is possible in some aircraft that a new or retreaded tire can be different enough in size from the previous tire that it could lock up in the wheel weel when the landing gear is retracted.

61
Q

Where can you find safety precautions for jacking an aircraft for retractable landing gear inspection and maintenance?

A

In the aircraft maintenance manual.

62
Q

What precaution should be taken before working on a high-pressure fluid or gas systems?

A

Always depressurize a high-pressure system before disconnecting any lines or fittings and use appropriate PPE.

63
Q

Where are open containers of hydraulic fluid normally stored?

A

In a metal flammable chemicals storage cabinet.

64
Q

What are the risks of mixing hydraulic fluids?

A

Hydraulic fluids are not necessarily compatible with each other. Mixing fluids may render fire-resistant fluid non-fire-resistant and may damage seals, causing system failure.

65
Q

What is the first step when taking apart a high-pressure strut or accumulator, and why is this important?

A

Depressurize the system. Disassembly of a component that is pressurized can result in explosive depressurization, causing damage or injury.

66
Q

What risks are associated with operating retractable landing gear around personnel?

A

When operating the landing gear retraction system from the flight deck, it is difficult or impossible to verify that personnel are clear of the moving landing gear.

General A&P Oral (28 decks)

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