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EXAM 3 FINAL > Lameness In Cattle > Flashcards

Lameness In Cattle Flashcards

1
Q

What diagnostic tests are good for identifying chronic sole abscesses?

A

1) Radiographs

2) Fistulogram

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2
Q

What pain management can be used to treat sole ulcers?

A

These are complicated ulcers

NSAIDS

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3
Q

Which anesthesia technique: Local infiltration vs Regional anesthesia, is commonly used in Cattle?

A

Regional IV block

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4
Q

Are antibiotic typically required for a sole abscess?

A

No

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5
Q

Which digit is typically blocked for treatment of a Sole Abscess and why?

A

The Good Digit

-to redistribute the weight

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6
Q

What is Bovi-Bond and what is it used for?

A

Wood cow blocks

-used to redistribute weight

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7
Q

What does the hoof block do?

A

1) Raises the diseased digit of the ground

2) redistributes weight

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8
Q

Where do you put the straight edge of the block, when treating a sole abscess?

A

Straight edge on the axial surface

-block should be as far back on the hoof as possible (for heel support)

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9
Q

How long should you keep a block on (when treating a sole abscess?

A

-retain block for 4-6weeks

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10
Q

What is the preferred material for a hoof block?

A

OAK (hardwood)

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11
Q

How long do Pine hoof blocks tend to last?

A

<2weeks

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12
Q

How long do plastic hoof blocks last and what must always be done when healed?

A
  • several months

- must be removed (can cause problems with extended wear

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13
Q

What are 3 important things to remember when blocking a hoof?

A

1) Block before blood
2) extend block to the heel
3) flush with axial wall

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14
Q

What should you be careful with when applying tecknovit ? What does he prefer?

A

Tecnivit—> can burn, because it heats up really fast

Preference: Bovi-Bond

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15
Q

What is another term for vertical fissures?

-What are they?

A

Sandcracks

-Damage to the periople

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16
Q

Sandcracks are more common in what breed of cattle?

A

Beef (64%) > Dairy (1

%)

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17
Q

Which claw is most commonly affected by verticals fissures (sandcracks)?

A

Front lateral claw (80%)

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18
Q

Which cows are predisposed to sandcracks?

A
  • Beef
  • Older
  • High BCS (fatties)
  • front lateral claw
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19
Q

Why do verticals fissures form?

A

-Failure to produce intact horn

20
Q

What are the CS of a cattle with a vertical fissure?

A

If :
Shallow—>no lameness
Infected—> lameness

*increased Movement will result in proud flesh (exuberance granulation tissue)

21
Q

How would you treat an infected Sandcracks?

A
  • Pare horn, open tract

- drain pure lent material

22
Q

How would you treat a sandcracks with granulation tissue?

A
  • Debride, open tract

- Apply block to sound hoof

23
Q

What tools are used to debride a sandcracks?

A

Drammel

24
Q

When anesthetizeing a cow for hoof lameness, how long can the cow be on the table for?

A

45minutes

25
Q

What are “Corns”?

A

Interdigital hyperplasia

-fibrous mass between digits

26
Q

Why do “corns” occur?

A
  • Big, high BCS cow
  • feet get long, stretches between interdigital space
  • fibrous tissue form over ligaments
  • chronitic irritation
  • environmental, hereditary and conformational factors
27
Q

Are corns painful?

A

Not usually

-unless ulcerated

28
Q

Who is most likely to develop “Corns”

A

Males > females

29
Q

How do you treat “corns”

A

1) tilt/trimming table
2) sedation (not always needed, can do regional limb perfusion preferred)
3) tourniquet (IV or local)

-treat underlying cause (if infected)

4) DO not CLOSE up (2nd intention healing)**
5) consider wiring toes together

30
Q

How long should bandages stay on when treating “corns”

A

3-4days

31
Q

If placing a bandage on a cows limb, when should you remove the tourniquet?

A

Place the bandage and remove the tourniquet last

32
Q

How do you prevent “corn” formation?

A

1) improved hygiene

2) hoof trimming

33
Q

Where do Corkscrew claws commonly occur?

A

Lateral claw, REAR leg:

  • solar surface faces axially
  • weight bearing on abaxial wall
34
Q

T/F: Corksqrew claws have been linked to laminitis

A

TRUE

35
Q

How do you treat “corksqrew” claws

A

TRIM and SLOPE sole

-chronic issue (need to keep up with it)

36
Q

What is deep Digital Sepsis?

A

-swelling in the pattern region

“Deep interphalange sepsis” DIP

37
Q

How does Cranial crucial injury present in DAIRY cattle?

A

Acute injury followed by chronic, progressive DJD

38
Q

How does Cranial Cruciate injury present in BEEF bulls?

A

DJD associated with post-legged confirmation->cruciate rupture

39
Q

How do you treat Cranial cruciate injury in cattle?

A

Acute:

  • Rest
  • NSAIDs
  • tend to develop DJD

Surgery: Expensive, difficult, complication,RARELY DONE!!!

  • imbrication
  • various graft techniques
40
Q

Which collateral ligament is more commonly torn/stretched in Cattle?

A

Medial > Lateral

41
Q

What is the pathogenesis of medial collateral ligament tear/Stretch?

A

Abduction of the lower—>increase with of medial joint

42
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Lateral collateral ligament tear/Stretch?

A

Addiction of lower leg—> increase width of lateral joint

43
Q

How would you repair collateral ligament injuries in cattle?

A

IMBRICATION

44
Q

What are the CS of a cattle with Stifle injury (collateral ligament injury)?

A
  • Short stride
  • limited flexion of stifle join
  • walk on their toes, heel elevated
  • leg held in abduction
  • bear very little weight
  • acute injuring followed by chronic progressive DJD
45
Q

Toe necrosis is primarily a ____________issue

A

Management

46
Q

What severity of lameness is expected with toe lesions in cattle?

A

Mild to severe lameness

EXAM 3 FINAL (19 decks)

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