Lameness In Cattle Flashcards
What diagnostic tests are good for identifying chronic sole abscesses?
1) Radiographs
2) Fistulogram
What pain management can be used to treat sole ulcers?
These are complicated ulcers
NSAIDS
Which anesthesia technique: Local infiltration vs Regional anesthesia, is commonly used in Cattle?
Regional IV block
Are antibiotic typically required for a sole abscess?
No
Which digit is typically blocked for treatment of a Sole Abscess and why?
The Good Digit
-to redistribute the weight
What is Bovi-Bond and what is it used for?
Wood cow blocks
-used to redistribute weight
What does the hoof block do?
1) Raises the diseased digit of the ground
2) redistributes weight
Where do you put the straight edge of the block, when treating a sole abscess?
Straight edge on the axial surface
-block should be as far back on the hoof as possible (for heel support)
How long should you keep a block on (when treating a sole abscess?
-retain block for 4-6weeks
What is the preferred material for a hoof block?
OAK (hardwood)
How long do Pine hoof blocks tend to last?
<2weeks
How long do plastic hoof blocks last and what must always be done when healed?
- several months
- must be removed (can cause problems with extended wear
What are 3 important things to remember when blocking a hoof?
1) Block before blood
2) extend block to the heel
3) flush with axial wall
What should you be careful with when applying tecknovit ? What does he prefer?
Tecnivit—> can burn, because it heats up really fast
Preference: Bovi-Bond
What is another term for vertical fissures?
-What are they?
Sandcracks
-Damage to the periople
Sandcracks are more common in what breed of cattle?
Beef (64%) > Dairy (1
%)
Which claw is most commonly affected by verticals fissures (sandcracks)?
Front lateral claw (80%)
Which cows are predisposed to sandcracks?
- Beef
- Older
- High BCS (fatties)
- front lateral claw
Why do verticals fissures form?
-Failure to produce intact horn
What are the CS of a cattle with a vertical fissure?
If :
Shallow—>no lameness
Infected—> lameness
*increased Movement will result in proud flesh (exuberance granulation tissue)
How would you treat an infected Sandcracks?
- Pare horn, open tract
- drain pure lent material
How would you treat a sandcracks with granulation tissue?
- Debride, open tract
- Apply block to sound hoof
What tools are used to debride a sandcracks?
Drammel
When anesthetizeing a cow for hoof lameness, how long can the cow be on the table for?
45minutes
What are “Corns”?
Interdigital hyperplasia
-fibrous mass between digits
Why do “corns” occur?
- Big, high BCS cow
- feet get long, stretches between interdigital space
- fibrous tissue form over ligaments
- chronitic irritation
- environmental, hereditary and conformational factors
Are corns painful?
Not usually
-unless ulcerated
Who is most likely to develop “Corns”
Males > females
How do you treat “corns”
1) tilt/trimming table
2) sedation (not always needed, can do regional limb perfusion preferred)
3) tourniquet (IV or local)
-treat underlying cause (if infected)
4) DO not CLOSE up (2nd intention healing)**
5) consider wiring toes together
How long should bandages stay on when treating “corns”
3-4days
If placing a bandage on a cows limb, when should you remove the tourniquet?
Place the bandage and remove the tourniquet last
How do you prevent “corn” formation?
1) improved hygiene
2) hoof trimming
Where do Corkscrew claws commonly occur?
Lateral claw, REAR leg:
- solar surface faces axially
- weight bearing on abaxial wall
T/F: Corksqrew claws have been linked to laminitis
TRUE
How do you treat “corksqrew” claws
TRIM and SLOPE sole
-chronic issue (need to keep up with it)
What is deep Digital Sepsis?
-swelling in the pattern region
“Deep interphalange sepsis” DIP
How does Cranial crucial injury present in DAIRY cattle?
Acute injury followed by chronic, progressive DJD
How does Cranial Cruciate injury present in BEEF bulls?
DJD associated with post-legged confirmation->cruciate rupture
How do you treat Cranial cruciate injury in cattle?
Acute:
- Rest
- NSAIDs
- tend to develop DJD
Surgery: Expensive, difficult, complication,RARELY DONE!!!
- imbrication
- various graft techniques
Which collateral ligament is more commonly torn/stretched in Cattle?
Medial > Lateral
What is the pathogenesis of medial collateral ligament tear/Stretch?
Abduction of the lower—>increase with of medial joint
What is the pathogenesis of Lateral collateral ligament tear/Stretch?
Addiction of lower leg—> increase width of lateral joint
How would you repair collateral ligament injuries in cattle?
IMBRICATION
What are the CS of a cattle with Stifle injury (collateral ligament injury)?
- Short stride
- limited flexion of stifle join
- walk on their toes, heel elevated
- leg held in abduction
- bear very little weight
- acute injuring followed by chronic progressive DJD
Toe necrosis is primarily a ____________issue
Management
What severity of lameness is expected with toe lesions in cattle?
Mild to severe lameness
