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Med Surg > Labs and Studies > Flashcards

Labs and Studies Flashcards

1
Q

stomach enzyme that breaks food down into dissolvable components and aids in digesting bacteria

A

HCL

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2
Q

stomach enzyme that aids in digestion of protein

A

pepsin

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3
Q

stomach enzymes that combines with B12 so that it can be absorbed in the ileum

A

intrinsic factor

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4
Q

pancreatic enzyme that aids in starch digestion

A

amylase

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5
Q

pancreatic enzyme that aids in fat digestion

A

lipase

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6
Q

pancreatic enzyme that aids in protein digestion

A

trypsin

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7
Q

liver enzyme that aids in fat digestion

A

bile

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8
Q

bile is stored and metabolized in the _______

A

gallbladder

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9
Q

most common cause of anemia in adults

A

GI bleed

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10
Q

lab study that evaluates the vitamin K dependent clotting factors in the liver

A

PT/PTT

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11
Q

lab study that can indicate risk for fatty live disease

A

triglyceride

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12
Q

amylase and lipase are usually elevated in ______ pancreatitis, but normal in ______ pancreatitis

A

acute, chronic

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13
Q

lab study used to evaluate jaundice and liver functioning

A

bilirubin

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14
Q

lab study elevated in impaired hepatic function and causes altercation in mental status

A

ammonia

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15
Q

lab studies indicative of protein deficiency

A

albumin and prealbumin

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16
Q

protein lab study that is more sensitive and lowers faster

A

prealbumin

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17
Q

_______ binds to iron and carries it through serum

A

transferrin

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18
Q

transferrin decreased even faster than _____ in protein deficiency

A

albumin

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19
Q

lab study that indicated iron deficiency

A

transferrin

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20
Q

lab study that is reduced in patients who are acutely malnourished due to stress, low-calorie intake, or cellular impairment

A

total lymphocyte count

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21
Q

2 lab studies indicative of colorectal cancer

A

CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) and CA (cancer antigen)

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22
Q

lab study that is indicative of liver cancer

A

alpha-fetoprotein

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23
Q

2 things decreased calcium can be indicative of

A

malabsorption
acute pancreatitis

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24
Q

4 things low potassium can be indicative of

A

vomiting
diarrhea
drainage from intestinal fistula
GI suctioning

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25
Q

decreased albumin levels can indicate ______ diseaase

A

hepatic

26
Q

stool samples must be taken to the lab ______ after collection

A

immediately

27
Q

you cannot perform fecal occult blood testing if the patient has _____ ______

A

hemorrhoidal bleeding

28
Q

2 things breath tests are used to evaluate

A

carbohydrate absorption
bacterial overgrowth in the intestines

29
Q

2 things to avoid 1 month prior to breath test

A

pepto bismol
antibiotics

30
Q

2 things to avoid 1 week prior to breath tests

A

sucralfate (carafate)
omeprazole (prilosec)

31
Q

3 things to avoid 24 hours before breath tests

A

cimetidine (tagamet)
famtidine (pepcid)
ranitidine (zantac)

32
Q

you must fast ___ to ___ hours before abdominal ultrasonography to reduce gas in the bowel

A

8-12

33
Q

you must eat a ____ free meal the night before a gallbladder ultrasonography

A

fat

34
Q

barium studies should be schedules after an abdominal ultrasonography

A

after

35
Q

2 types of contrast used with x-ray of the GI system

A

barium
gastrograffin

36
Q

patient must be NPO from _____ the night before a contrast study

A

midnight

37
Q

2 things you cannot do before contrast study

A

smoke
chew gum

38
Q

____ is given to clear out stool before contrast study

A

miralax

39
Q

increase _____ after contrast studies to eliminate barium

A

fluid

40
Q

enemas are contraindicated if the patient has an active inflammatory disease of the _____

A

colon

41
Q

2 things barium enemas are contraindicated in

A

perforation/obstruction
GI bleed

42
Q

if the patient has acute kidney injury and has to undergo a CT scan with contrast, administer ______ _____ to help buffer the acidity of the dye

A

sodium bicarbonate

43
Q

oral medication given to patients with acute kidney injury that have to undergo CT scan w/ contrast to increase blood flow

A

N-acetylcysteine

44
Q

patient must be NPO __ to ___ hours before MRI

A

6-8

45
Q

procedure done to detect extent or spread of cancer

A

positron emission sonography

46
Q

scan used in bleeding cans to detect location of GI bleed or infection

A

scintigraphy

47
Q

patient needs to be NPO __ hours prior to esophagogastroduodenoscopy

A

8

48
Q

medication given to provide sedation, loss of gag reflex, and decrease anxiety before an endoscopic procedure

A

midazolam (versed)

49
Q

medication given before and endoscopic procedure that decreased secretions

A

atropine

50
Q

medication given before endoscopic procedures that relaxes the smooth muscle

A

glucagon

51
Q

after colonoscopy prep the bowel should be _____ or slight _____

A

clear, yellow

52
Q

you can start formula in gastrostomy __ to __ hours insertion

A

2-24

53
Q

a ___ tube is a tube protruding from the skin with a visible bumper

A

PEG

54
Q

change ballon type G tubes every ___ to ___ months

A

3-6

55
Q

change non-balloon g-tubes every __ to ___ months

A

6-12

56
Q

____ tube is inserted through the mouth and ends in the stomach

A

OG

57
Q

___ tube is inserted through the nos and ends in the stomach

A

NG

58
Q

_______ tube is inserted through the mouth and ends in the small intestine

A

oroenteric

59
Q

______ tube is inserted through the nose and ends in the small intestine

A

nasoenteric

60
Q

levin tube has a ____ lumen

A

single

61
Q

salem sump has a _____ lumen

A

double

Med Surg (10 decks)

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