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Med Surg > Fluids > Flashcards

Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

24 G needle is _______

A

yellow

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2
Q

22 G needle is _____

A

blue

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3
Q

20 G needle is _____

A

pink

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4
Q

18 G needle is ______

A

green

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5
Q

___G needles are pediatric sizes and used for irritating meds

A

24

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6
Q

____ G needles are used for majority of infusions, except blood transfusions

A

22

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7
Q

blood transfusions are done with a ___ G needle

A

20

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8
Q

____ G needles are used for CT scans and pre-op patients

A

20

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9
Q

____ G needles are used for trauma patients, surgery patients, and L&D

A

18

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10
Q

when an IV infiltrates and the IV medication irritates and causes necrosis of the skin

A

extracasation

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11
Q

inflammation of the vein

A

phelebitis

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12
Q

change IV lipid tubing every ___ hours

A

24

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13
Q

change blood IV tubing every ___ hours

A

4

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14
Q

change propofol tubing every __ to ___ hours

A

6-12 hours

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15
Q

change IVF tubing every ____ hours

A

72

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16
Q

5 patients their veins cannot be used

A

mastectomy
axillary lymph node dissection
lymphedema
paralysis of upper extremity
dialysis graft or fistula

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17
Q

kidneys regulate _____ and ____ balance

A

ECF and pH

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18
Q

the pituitary ____ which maintains osmotic pressure by releasing or retaining water

A

ADH

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19
Q

adrenal glands produce ______ which effect sodium and water retention

A

aldosterone

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20
Q

parathyroid regulates ______ and _____

A

calcium and phosphorus

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21
Q

_________ control fluid change by sensing changed in sodium

A

osmoreceptors

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22
Q

ADH is stimulated by increasing ______ or decreased ______ _____

A

electrolytes, blood pressure

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23
Q

ADH causes _____ of blood vessels and ______ conservation

A

constriction, water

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24
Q

ADH increases ______ reabsorption in the kidneys and decreases sweat

A

water

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25
Q

renin is created by the kidneys in response to ______ ______ _______

A

decreased blood flow

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26
Q

renin converts ________ to ________

A

angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

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27
Q

angiotensin II causes blood vessels to ______

A

constrict

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28
Q

aldosterone increases ______ and _____ reabsoprtion and increases ______ secretion

A

sodium and water, potassium

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29
Q

2 hormones made in the heart ventricles in response to increase stretching

A

BNP and ANP

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30
Q

BNP and ANP increases ______ and _____ excretion in the urine to decrease blood volume and pressure

A

sodium and water

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31
Q

kidney excrete __ ml per kg per hr

A

1

32
Q

GI tract excretes ___ to ___ ml a day

A

100-200

33
Q

electrolytes in the ECF

A

sodium, chloride, calcium

34
Q

ECF is ____ liters

A

15

35
Q

intravascular fluid is _____ and _____

A

blood and plasma

36
Q

intravascular fluid makes up ___ liters

A

5

37
Q

interstitial fluid is ___ to ___ liters

A

11-12

38
Q

intracellular fluid is ___% of total body fluid

A

60

39
Q

electrolytes in ICF

A

magnesium, potassium, phosphorus

40
Q

ICF makes up ____ liters

A

25

41
Q

total body fluid is ____ liters

A

40

42
Q

the movement of fluid across a membrane from low to high concentration

A

osmosis

43
Q

when fluid moves across a membrane due to hydrostatic pressure and the force in gravity aids in the movement of the fluid

A

filtration

44
Q

number of solutes dissolved in a fluid

A

concentration

45
Q

the number of particles in a solution by volume

A

osmolarity

46
Q

the number of particles in a solution by mass

A

osmolality

47
Q

______ will tell you more about the movement of water in and out the cell

A

osmolality

48
Q

_______ is used more in the clinical setting

A

osmolality

49
Q

osmolality creates osmotic ______ and affects the movement of water across body compartments

A

pressure

50
Q

movements of solids from higher to lower concentration

A

diffusion

51
Q

movement of molecules against a concentration gradient with use of energy

A

active transport

52
Q

________ solution has a higher concentration than body fluid

A

hypertonic

53
Q

______ solution has a lower concentration than body fluid

A

hypotonic

54
Q

hypotonic solutions have ____ or low ____

A

sugar or low salt

55
Q

_____ solution push water into the cells and causes them to swell

A

hypotonic

56
Q

4 uses for hypotonic solutions

A

severe dehydration
hypernatremia
DKA
dehydration r/t metabolic acidosis

57
Q

do not use hypotonic solution in patients with _____ _____

A

intracranial pressure

58
Q

4 types of hypotonic solutions

A

D5W
0.45% NS
0.33% NS
0.25% NS

59
Q

hypertonic fluids have both _____ and high ____

A

sugar and salt

60
Q

_______ fluids draws fluid out of cells and causes them to shrink

A

hypertonic

61
Q

only use hypertonic fluids if you have _____ ____ access

A

central line

62
Q

only use hypertonic fluid in an ICU fluid for ______ _____ or _____ ____

A

pulmonary edema or fluid overload

63
Q

hypertonic solution examples

A

D5NS
D5LR

64
Q

isotonic fluids have _____ or normal _____

A

sugar or normal salt

65
Q

isotonic fluids increase ______ and hypotonic fluids increase _____

A

ECF, ICF

66
Q

3 uses for isotonic solutions

A

blood loss
fluid loss
dehydration

67
Q

end product of metabolism of protein by the liver

A

BUN

68
Q

BUN can be affected by _____

A

dehydration

69
Q

normal BUN levels

A

10-20 mg/dL

70
Q

end product of muscle metabolism

A

creatine

71
Q

creatine _____ as renal function decreases

A

increases

72
Q

normal creatine levels

A

0.7-1.4

73
Q

volume percentage of red blood cells in the blood

A

hematocrit

74
Q

normal hematocrit for men

A

42-52%

75
Q

normal hematocrit for women

A

35-47%

Med Surg (10 decks)

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