Labs

Question 1

Lab 1

Q: What are the pain, laxity, and end feel characteristics for Grades I, II, and III sprains?

Answer 1

•Grade I: Mild pain, no laxity, firm end feel.
•Grade II: Moderate pain, some laxity, soft end feel.
•Grade III: Severe pain, significant laxity, empty end feel.

Question 2

Q: What is the purpose of the anterior drawer test?

Answer 2

A: To assess anterior talofibular ligament integrity.

Question 3

Q: What is the purpose of the talar tilt test?

Answer 3

A: To assess the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament.

Question 4

Q: What is the purpose of the Kleiger test?

Answer 4

A: To assess the deltoid ligament and syndesmosis integrity.

Question 5

Q: When should the ankle tensor wrap be used?

Answer 5

A: For compression and stabilization of ankle injuries to manage swelling.

Question 6

Q: What does PMS stand for, and when is it used?

Answer 6

A: PMS stands for Pulse, Motor, Sensation, and it is checked during injury assessments.

Question 7

Q: What is the purpose of valgus and varus stress tests?

Answer 7

•Valgus stress test: To assess the integrity of the medial collateral ligament (MCL).
•Varus stress test: To assess the integrity of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL).

Question 8

Q: What is the purpose of the anterior and posterior drawer tests?

Answer 8

•Anterior drawer test: To assess the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
•Posterior drawer test: To assess the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).

Question 9

Q: What is the purpose of the Lachman test?

Answer 9

A: To evaluate the ACL’s integrity with greater sensitivity than the anterior drawer test.

Question 10

Q: What is the purpose of the McMurray test?

Answer 10

A: To detect meniscal tears.

Question 11

What knee positions are required for these tests? (Degrees of flexion)

Answer 11

•Valgus/Varus tests: 0° and 30° flexion.
•Anterior/Posterior drawer tests: 90° flexion.
•Lachman test: 20°-30° flexion.
•McMurray test: Varies depending on rotation and direction of force.

Question 12

Q: When is a Speed/Box splint used, and how are swaths applied?

Answer 12

A: It is used to immobilize fractures or severe sprains. Swaths are applied around the limb and splint for stabilization.

Question 13

Q: What is the purpose of the anterior apprehension test?

Answer 13

A: To assess shoulder instability or risk of anterior dislocation.

Question 14

Q: What is the purpose of the posterior apprehension test?

Answer 14

A: To assess shoulder instability or risk of posterior dislocation.

Question 15

Q: What is the purpose of the cross-flexion test?

Answer 15

A: To identify acromioclavicular joint pathology.

Question 16

Q: What are the positions for the person in each test?

Answer 16

A:
•Anterior apprehension test: Supine, shoulder abducted to 90°, elbow flexed to 90°.
•Posterior apprehension test: Supine, shoulder flexed to 90°, elbow flexed to 90°, axial load applied.
•Cross-flexion test: Seated, shoulder flexed to 90°, adducted across the chest.

Question 17

Q: When should the high arm vs. broad arm sling be used, and what are they for?

Answer 17

•High arm sling: For clavicle or shoulder injuries.
•Broad arm sling: For wrist or hand injuries.

Question 18

Q: What is the difference in position for the Anterior Cervical Spine Stabilizing Technique and MILS?

Answer 18

A: MILS (Manual In-Line Stabilization) involves maintaining a neutral cervical spine without traction.

Question 19

Q: What should you know about sensory and motor ability in a person with a potential c-spine injury?

Answer 19

A: Be familiar with dermatomes and myotomes to assess neurological function.