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Block One Exam 4 > Laboratory Values > Flashcards

Laboratory Values Flashcards

0
Q

Includes electrolytes, glucose, liver & renal function.

What is the name of this common laboratory test?

A

CMP
BMP

Complete or basic metabolic panel

These are Chemistry Tests

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1
Q

RBCs, Hgb & Hct, WBCs with differential, platelets.

What is name of this common laboratory test?

A

CBC

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2
Q
  • Random & fasting
  • Glucose tolerance test
  • Hgb A1C
  • Self glucose monitoring

What is name of this common laboratory test?

A

Blood Glucose

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3
Q

PT/INR & APTT

What is name of this common laboratory test?

A

Coagulation Studies

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4
Q

ESR
CRP
BNP
What are the purpose of these three laboratory tests?

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
C-reactive protein
indicator of CHF

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5
Q

Digoxin, Lithium, and Vancomycin this is an example of that type of laboratory test?

A

Therapeutic Drug Levels

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6
Q 
●Urine: Name two types
●Stool: Name two types
●Sputum:Name three types
●Throat: Name two type
●Wound: Name one type
 These are examples of what kind of laboratory tests?
A

Urine: UA, Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)
Stool: Guiac, Ova and parasite and C&S
Sputum: Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, C&S, and culture for TB
Throat: rapid strep, and C&S
Wound: C&S

Diagnostic

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7
Q

●Purpose: To evaluate conditions which affect RBCs, WBCs, & platelets
●Indicates anemia, blood loss, inflammation, infection, response to chemo, drug SE
●Normals based on normal plasma fluid volume

What laboratory test is this?

A

CBC

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8
Q

This is done to:
Assess extent of blood loss
This value must always be interpreted in relation to patient’s hydration status and the time the sample was drawn.
What laboratory test is this?

A

Hematocrit

If done immediately after hemorrhage does not show true extent of RBC loss because plasma and red blood cells are lost in equal proportions.

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9
Q

RBCs and H&H are?

A

Interrelated

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10
Q 
What type of CBC sub-diagnostic test is this?
# of RBCs in a cubic mm of \_\_\_\_\_\_
carry O2 & CO2
male or female? 4.7-6.1 million   
male or female? 4.2-5.4 million

What type of CBC sub-diagnostic test is this?
O2 & CO2 carrying component of RBCs
measurement of ____________ of Hgb in RBC

male or female? 13 - 18 g/dL
male or female? 12 - 16 g/dL (12-18)

What type of CBC sub-diagnostic test is this?
Percentage of ________ in total plasma volume

male or female? 45-52%
male or female? 37-48% (37-52%)

___________- decreased hematocrit, especially in the last trimester as plasma volume increases

A

Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
peripheral venous blood
Male
Female

Hemoglobin
concentration
Male
Female

Hematocrit
RBCs
Male
Female

Pregnancy

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11
Q

___________ – fight infection
___________ – different types of these have varying functions

___________ – major factor in clotting

A

WBC (leukocytes)
Differential
Platelets (thrombocytes)

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12
Q

Some patients have a normal RBC count but a low hemoglobin level. This situation occurs in which red blood cells have less hemoglobin than normal. What is this disorder called?

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

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13
Q

A hemoglobin value _______may causes strain on cardiopulmonary system leading to what four disorders?

A

Under 5gm

heart failure, MI, CHF, stroke

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14
Q

A hemoglobin value __________ may cause clogging of capillaries (clotting) due to hemoconcentration. Risk of what four disorders?

A

over 20 gm

MI, stroke, DVT, PE

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15
Q

Transfusion may be needed if Hgb falls below ____.

A

8g/dL

16
Q

Hematocrit <60% may result in _______.

A

cardiac failure

spontaneous blood clotting

17
Q

__________ value must always be interpreted in relation to patient’s hydration status and the time the sample was drawn.

A

Hematocrit

18
Q

This lab test is done to:
Assess extent of blood loss
If done immediately after hemorrhage does not show true extent of RBC loss because plasma and red blood cells are lost in equal proportions.

A

Hematocrit

19
Q

RBCs normally increased at high altitudes or with strenuous physical training Why? No answer on PPT

_________ makes RBC and Hct values appear higher due to higher concentration, WNL with fluid balance

A

Dehydration

20
Q

_________ - primary
•Pathological increase in RBCs from unknown cause (not due to O2 need)

●____________ Secondary
R/T increase need for oxygen
●secondary cause such as? No NSR
Drugs: Gentamycin and Aldomet

A

Polycythemia Vera

Polycythemia

21
Q

●“Anemia” - general term that refers to decrease in red blood cells due to:

  •  in number of red blood cells,  in the Hgb content OR both
  • Abnormal size or shape of RBCs may alter Hct values

●What may cause a decrease in RBCs or H & H?

A

Check PPT to fill in squares

22
Q

Immature form of erythrocytes circulating in the bloodstream. What is this laboratory test called?

A

Reticulocyte Count

23
Q

_______ reticulocyte count indicates bone marrow is responding to the need for increased red blood cell production.
•Increased after acute blood loss
•Increased after whole blood donation
•Increased indicates response to treatment of anemia Ex. Procrit Injections

A

High

24
Q

_______ reticulocyte count is seen with pernicious anemia
•Decreased production of intrinsic factor in the stomach resulting in malabsorption of B12
•Ineffective RBC production will lead to low count

A

Low

25
Q

Following bleeding episode, low reticulocyte count could indicate _____.

A

bone marrow failure

26
Q 
These tests are used to define the size and Hgb content of RBC’s
●Used to differentiate types of anemias
●Include
•MCV
•MCHC
•MCH
•RDW
A

RBC Indices

You do not have to know the RBC Indices this semester

27
Q

Fight infection/react against foreign bodies or tissues
Divided into granulocytes and agranulocytes
Has granules on gram stain
What is this laboratory test?

A

WBCs or Leukocytes

28
Q

________ include neutrophils (AKA “polys” or “segs”, basophils, and eosinophils.

_________ include lymphocytes & monocytes.

An increase in percentage of one type of leukocyte causes a ________ in percentage of another type.

A

Granulocytes
Agranulocytes
decrease

Block One Exam 4 (13 decks)

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