Laboratory Values

Question 0

Includes electrolytes, glucose, liver & renal function.

What is the name of this common laboratory test?

Answer 0

CMP
BMP

Complete or basic metabolic panel

These are Chemistry Tests

Question 1

RBCs, Hgb & Hct, WBCs with differential, platelets.

What is name of this common laboratory test?

Answer 1

CBC

Question 2

• Random & fasting
• Glucose tolerance test
• Hgb A1C
• Self glucose monitoring

What is name of this common laboratory test?

Answer 2

Blood Glucose

Question 3

PT/INR & APTT

What is name of this common laboratory test?

Answer 3

Coagulation Studies

Question 4

ESR
CRP
BNP
What are the purpose of these three laboratory tests?

Answer 4

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
C-reactive protein
indicator of CHF

Question 5

Digoxin, Lithium, and Vancomycin this is an example of that type of laboratory test?

Answer 5

Therapeutic Drug Levels

Question 6

●Urine: Name two types
●Stool: Name two types
●Sputum:Name three types
●Throat: Name two type
●Wound: Name one type
 These are examples of what kind of laboratory tests?

Answer 6

Urine: UA, Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)
Stool: Guiac, Ova and parasite and C&S
Sputum: Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, C&S, and culture for TB
Throat: rapid strep, and C&S
Wound: C&S

Diagnostic

Question 7

●Purpose: To evaluate conditions which affect RBCs, WBCs, & platelets
●Indicates anemia, blood loss, inflammation, infection, response to chemo, drug SE
●Normals based on normal plasma fluid volume

What laboratory test is this?

Answer 7

CBC

Question 8

This is done to:
Assess extent of blood loss
This value must always be interpreted in relation to patient’s hydration status and the time the sample was drawn.
What laboratory test is this?

Answer 8

Hematocrit

If done immediately after hemorrhage does not show true extent of RBC loss because plasma and red blood cells are lost in equal proportions.

Question 9

RBCs and H&H are?

Answer 9

Interrelated

Question 10

What type of CBC sub-diagnostic test is this?
# of RBCs in a cubic mm of \_\_\_\_\_\_
carry O2 & CO2
male or female? 4.7-6.1 million   
male or female? 4.2-5.4 million

What type of CBC sub-diagnostic test is this?
O2 & CO2 carrying component of RBCs
measurement of ____________ of Hgb in RBC

male or female? 13 - 18 g/dL
male or female? 12 - 16 g/dL (12-18)

What type of CBC sub-diagnostic test is this?
Percentage of ________ in total plasma volume

male or female? 45-52%
male or female? 37-48% (37-52%)

___________- decreased hematocrit, especially in the last trimester as plasma volume increases

Answer 10

Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
peripheral venous blood
Male
Female

Hemoglobin
concentration
Male
Female

Hematocrit
RBCs
Male
Female

Pregnancy

Question 11

___________ – fight infection
___________ – different types of these have varying functions

___________ – major factor in clotting

Answer 11

WBC (leukocytes)
Differential
Platelets (thrombocytes)

Question 12

Some patients have a normal RBC count but a low hemoglobin level. This situation occurs in which red blood cells have less hemoglobin than normal. What is this disorder called?

Answer 12

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Question 13

A hemoglobin value _______may causes strain on cardiopulmonary system leading to what four disorders?

Answer 13

Under 5gm

heart failure, MI, CHF, stroke

Question 14

A hemoglobin value __________ may cause clogging of capillaries (clotting) due to hemoconcentration. Risk of what four disorders?

Answer 14

over 20 gm

MI, stroke, DVT, PE

Question 15

Transfusion may be needed if Hgb falls below ____.

Answer 15

8g/dL

Question 16

Hematocrit <60% may result in _______.

Answer 16

cardiac failure

spontaneous blood clotting

Question 17

__________ value must always be interpreted in relation to patient’s hydration status and the time the sample was drawn.

Answer 17

Hematocrit

Question 18

This lab test is done to:
Assess extent of blood loss
If done immediately after hemorrhage does not show true extent of RBC loss because plasma and red blood cells are lost in equal proportions.

Answer 18

Hematocrit

Question 19

RBCs normally increased at high altitudes or with strenuous physical training Why? No answer on PPT

_________ makes RBC and Hct values appear higher due to higher concentration, WNL with fluid balance

Answer 19

Dehydration

Question 20

_________ - primary
•Pathological increase in RBCs from unknown cause (not due to O2 need)

●____________ Secondary
R/T increase need for oxygen
●secondary cause such as? No NSR
Drugs: Gentamycin and Aldomet

Answer 20

Polycythemia Vera

Polycythemia

Question 21

●“Anemia” - general term that refers to decrease in red blood cells due to:

•  in number of red blood cells,  in the Hgb content OR both
• Abnormal size or shape of RBCs may alter Hct values

●What may cause a decrease in RBCs or H & H?

Answer 21

Check PPT to fill in squares

Question 22

Immature form of erythrocytes circulating in the bloodstream. What is this laboratory test called?

Answer 22

Reticulocyte Count

Question 23

_______ reticulocyte count indicates bone marrow is responding to the need for increased red blood cell production.
•Increased after acute blood loss
•Increased after whole blood donation
•Increased indicates response to treatment of anemia Ex. Procrit Injections

Answer 23

High

Question 24

_______ reticulocyte count is seen with pernicious anemia
•Decreased production of intrinsic factor in the stomach resulting in malabsorption of B12
•Ineffective RBC production will lead to low count

Answer 24

Low

Question 25

Following bleeding episode, low reticulocyte count could indicate _____.

Answer 25

bone marrow failure

Question 26

These tests are used to define the size and Hgb content of RBC’s
●Used to differentiate types of anemias
●Include
•MCV
•MCHC
•MCH
•RDW

Answer 26

RBC Indices

You do not have to know the RBC Indices this semester

Question 27

Fight infection/react against foreign bodies or tissues
Divided into granulocytes and agranulocytes
Has granules on gram stain
What is this laboratory test?

Answer 27

WBCs or Leukocytes

Question 28

________ include neutrophils (AKA “polys” or “segs”, basophils, and eosinophils.

_________ include lymphocytes & monocytes.

An increase in percentage of one type of leukocyte causes a ________ in percentage of another type.

Answer 28

Granulocytes
Agranulocytes
decrease